SMAR LD291 Manuel

INTELLIGENT PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

LD291

Version 6

MAR / 12

LD291ME

web: www.smar.com/contactus.asp

www.smar.com

Specifications and information are subject to change without notice.

Up-to-date address information is available on our website.

smar

Introduction

III

INTRODUCTION

The LD291 is a smart pressure transmitter for gauge and level measurement. It is based on a

field-proven capacitive sensor that provides reliable operation and high performance. The digital

technology used in the LD291 enables an easy interface between the field and the control room and

several interesting features that considerably reduce the installation, operation and maintenance

costs.

The LD291 is the economical alternative in routine gage pressure measurement. This lightweight

design eliminates the need for mounting brackets and transmitter supports in many applications.

The model LD291 offers digital HARTbased communication simplifying calibration and providing

remote diagnostics. Also, an optional LCD meter can be added to provide additional operations and

local indication.

Its microprocessor- based electronics allow for total interchangeability with SMAR capacitive

sensors. It automatically corrects sensor characteristic changes caused by temperature fluctuations.

The LD291, besides the normal functions offered by other smart transmitters, offers the following

functions:

TABLE - the pressure signal is custom linearized according to a 16-point table, enabling, e.g.,

conversion of level to volume of a horizontal cylindrical tank.

LOCAL ADJUSTMENT - not only for lower and upper value, but input/output function,

indication, as well.

PASSWORD - three levels for different functions.

OPERATION COUNTER - shows the number of changes in each function.

USER-UNIT - indication in engineering unit of the property actually measured, e.g., level, flow or

volume.

WRITE-PROTECT- via hardware.

Get the best results of the LD291 by carefully reading these instructions.

Smar’s pressure transmitters are protected by U.S. patents 6,433,791 and 6,621,443.

LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual

NOTE

This manual is compatible with version 6.XX, where 6 denote software version and XX software

release. The indication 6.XX means that this manual is compatible with any release of software

version 6.

WARNING

To ensure that our products are safe and without risk to health, the manual must be read carefully

before proceeding and warning labels on packages must be observed. Installation, operation,

maintenance and servicing must only be carried out by suitably trained personnel and in

accordance with the Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual.

Waiver of responsibility

The contents of this manual abides by the hardware and software used on the current equipment

version. Eventually there may occur divergencies between this manual and the equipment. The

information from this document are periodically reviewed and the necessary or identified corrections

will be included in the following editions. Suggestions for their improvement are welcome.

Warning

For more objectivity and clarity, this manual does not contain all the detailed information on the

product and, in addition, it does not cover every possible mounting, operation or maintenance

cases.

Before installing and utilizing the equipment, check if the model of the acquired equipment complies

with the technical requirements for the application. This checking is the user’s responsibility.

If the user needs more information, or on the event of specific problems not specified or treated in

this manual, the information should be sought from Smar. Furthermore, the user recognizes that the

contents of this manual by no means modify past or present agreements, confirmation or judicial

relationship, in whole or in part.

All of Smar’s obligation result from the purchasing agreement signed between the parties, which

includes the complete and sole valid warranty term. Contractual clauses related to the warranty are

not limited nor extended by virtue of the technical information contained in this manual.

Only qualified personnel are allowed to participate in the activities of mounting, electrical connection,

startup and maintenance of the equipment. Qualified personnel are understood to be the persons

familiar with the mounting, electrical connection, startup and operation of the equipment or othe

similar apparatus that are technically fit for their work. Smar provides specific training to instruct and

qualify such professionals. However, each country must comply with the local safety procedures,

legal provisions and regulations for the mounting and operation of electrical installations, as well as

with the laws and regulations on classified areas, such as intrinsic safety, explosion proof, increased

safety and instrumented safety systems, among others.

The user is responsible for the incorrect or inadequate handling of equipments run with pneumatic

or hydraulic pressure or, still, subject to corrosive, aggressive or combustible products, since thei

utilization may cause severe bodily harm and/or material damages.

The field equipment referred to in this manual, when acquired for classified or hazardous areas, has

its certification void when having its parts replaced or interchanged without functional and approval

tests by Smar or any of Smar authorized dealers, which are the competent companies for certifying

that the equipment in its entirety meets the applicable standards and regulations. The same is true

when converting the equipment of a communication protocol to another. In this case, it is necessary

sending the equipment to Smar or any of its authorized dealer. Moreover, the certificates are

different and the user is responsible for their correct use.

Always respect the instructions provided in the Manual. Smar is not responsible for any losses

and/or damages resulting from the inadequate use of its equipments. It is the user’s responsibility to

know and apply the safety practices in his country.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1 - INSTALLATION................................................................................................................ 1.1

GENERAL....................................................................................................................................................... 1.1

MOUNTING..................................................................................................................................................... 1.1

ELECTRONIC HOUSING............................................................................................................................... 1.8

WIRING........................................................................................................................................................... 1.9

LOOP CONECTIONS................................................................................................................................... 1.10

INSTALLATION IN HAZARDOUS AREAS................................................................................................... 1.12

EXPLOSION/FLAME PROOF ...................................................................................................................... 1.12

INTRINSICALLY SAFE................................................................................................................................. 1.12

SECTION 2 - OPERATION..................................................................................................................... 2.1

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - SENSOR..................................................................................................... 2.1

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - HARDWARE............................................................................................... 2.2

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - SOFTWARE................................................................................................ 2.3

THE DISPLAY................................................................................................................................................. 2.5

SECTION 3 - CONFIGURATION............................................................................................................ 3.1

CONFIGURATION FEATURES...................................................................................................................... 3.3

MANUFACTURING DATA AND IDENTIFICATION ....................................................................................... 3.3

PRIMARY VARIABLE TRIM - PRESSURE.................................................................................................... 3.3

PRIMARY VARIABLE CURRENT TRIM ........................................................................................................ 3.4

TRANSMITTER ADJUSTMENT TO THE WORKING RANGE...................................................................... 3.5

ENGINEERING UNIT SELECTION................................................................................................................ 3.6

TABLE POINTS.............................................................................................................................................. 3.7

EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................................... 3.8

EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE ....................................................................................................................... 3.8

SECTION 4 - PROGRAMMING USING LOCAL ADJUSTMENT........................................................... 4.1

THE MAGNETIC TOOL.................................................................................................................................. 4.1

SIMPLE LOCAL ADJUSTMENT..................................................................................................................... 4.2

ZERO AND SPAN RERANGING.................................................................................................................... 4.2

COMPLETE LOCAL ADJUSTMENT.............................................................................................................. 4.3

LOCAL PROGRAMMING TREE..................................................................................................................... 4.3

CONFIGURATION [CONF]............................................................................................................................. 4.3

CONFIGURATION BRANCH (CONF)............................................................................................................ 4.4

RANGE (RANGE)........................................................................................................................................... 4.5

RANGE BRANCH (RANGE)........................................................................................................................... 4.5

FUNCTION (FUNCT)...................................................................................................................................... 4.7

PRESSURE TRIM [TRIM]............................................................................................................................... 4.8

ESCAPE LOCAL ADJUSTMENT [ESC]....................................................................................................... 4.10

SECTION 5 - MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES..................................................................................... 5.1

GENERAL....................................................................................................................................................... 5.1

DIAGNOSTIC WITH THE CONFIGURATOR................................................................................................. 5.1

ERROR MESSAGES...................................................................................................................................... 5.1

DIAGNOSTIC WITH THE TRANSMITTER .................................................................................................... 5.2

DISASSEMBLY PROCEDURE....................................................................................................................... 5.4

REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE........................................................................................................................ 5.5

INTERCHANGEABILITY ................................................................................................................................ 5.5

RETURNING MATERIALS............................................................................................................................. 5.6

ORDERING CODE FOR SENSOR ................................................................................................................ 5.9

SECTION 6 - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................. 6.1

ORDERING CODE......................................................................................................................................... 6.4

OPTIONAL ITEMS.......................................................................................................................................... 6.5

LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual

OPTIONAL ITEMS.......................................................................................................................................... 6.7

OPTIONAL ITEMS.......................................................................................................................................... 6.9

OPTIONAL ITEMS........................................................................................................................................ 6.11

APPENDIX A - CERTIFICATIONS INFORMATIONS............................................................................A.1

EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE INFORMATION.....................................................................................................A.1

OTHER APROVALS.......................................................................................................................................A.1

FMEDA REPORT....................................................................................................................................................... A.1

HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS CERTIFICATIONS ............................................................................................A.1

NORTH AMERICAN CERTIFICATIONS.................................................................................................................... A.1

EUROPEAN CERTIFICATIONS................................................................................................................................ A.2

SOUTH AMERICAN CERTIFICATIONS.................................................................................................................... A.2

ASIAN CERTIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... A.3

IDENTIFICATION PLATE AND CONTROL DRAWING.................................................................................A.3

IDENTIFICATION PLATE.......................................................................................................................................... A.3

CONTROL DRAWING............................................................................................................................................... A.7

APPENDIX B – SRF – SERVICE REQUEST FORM .............................................................................B.1

APPENDIX C – SMAR WARRANTY CERTIFICATE.............................................................................C.1

Installation Flowchart

VII

Was the transmitter

configured on the bench

to match the application?

Configure the transmitter

(Section 1 and 3)

Configure the Fail-Safe

value (Section 3 - Configuration)

Configure the Damping

(Section 3 )- Configuration

Configure the LCD reading

(Section 3 )- Configuration

Apply the pressure

Is the reading correct?

See manual

(Section 5 )- Maintenance

Start

Yes

Apply the Zero Trim

Is the impulse line wett leg?

Install the transmitter on the field

following the instructions below.

Install the transmitter preferably

on weather- protected areas.

Install the transmitter (mechanically

and electrically) according to the

application after checking the best

position for the LCD

(Section 5 )- Maintenance

Check the area classification

and its practices

Power the transmitter properly.

Did you correct the

transmitter reading?

Is the transmitter

reading correct?

Yes No

Yes

Configure the measuring range

to 0% (4mA) and 100% (20mA)

(Section 3 - Configuration)

Configure the engineering unit

(Section 3 - Configuration)

LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual

VIII

Section 1

1.1

INSTALLATION

General

NOTE

The installation carried out in hazardous areas should followthe recommendationsof theIEC60079-

14 standard.

The overall accuracy of a flow, level, or pressure measurement dependson severalvariables.Although

the transmitter has an outstanding performance, proper installation is essential to maximize its

performance.

Among all factors, which may affect transmitter accuracy, environmental conditions are the most

difficult to control. There are, however, ways of reducing the effects of temperature, humidity and

vibration.

The LD291 has a built-in temperature sensor to compensate for temperature variations. At thefactory,

each transmitter is submitted to a temperature cycle, and the characteristics under different

temperatures are recorded in the transmitter memory. At the field, this feature minimizes the

temperature variation effect.

Mounting

Putting the transmitter in areas protected from extreme environmental changes can minimize

temperature fluctuation effects.

In warm environments, the transmitter should be installed to avoid, as much as possible, direct

exposure to the sun. Installation close to lines and vessels subjected to high temperatures should also

be avoided. Use longer sections of impulse piping between tap and transmitter whenever the process

fluid is at high temperatures. Use of sunshades or heat shields to protect the transmitter from external

heat sources should be considered, if necessary.

Proper winterization (freeze protection) should be employed to prevent freezing within the measuring

chamber, since this will result in an inoperative transmitter and could even damage the cell.

Although the transmitter is virtually insensitive to vibration, installation closeto pumps, turbines orother

vibrating equipment should be avoided.

The transmitter has been designed to be both rugged and lightweight at the same time. This make its

mounting easier mounting positions are shown in Figure 1.1.

Should the process fluid contain solids in suspension, install valves or rod-out fittings at regular

intervals to clean out the pipes.

The pipes should be internally cleaned by using steam or compressed air, or by draining the line with

the process fluid, before such lines are connected to the transmitter (blow-down).

NOTE

When installing or storing the level transmitter, the diaphragm must be protected avoid scratching-

denting or perforation of its surface.

LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual

1.2

Figure 1.1(a) – Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD291

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