Franklin IC-104 Manuel utilisateur

DIGITAL BOOK



Electronic Publishers

For Use with the Franklin

Digital Book System



Electronic Publishers

User’s Manual

Mt. Holly, NJ 08060

FOLD

IC-104

HANDBOOK

ADVERSE

DRUG

INTERACTIONS

The Medical Letter





FCR 28004-00 C

P/N 7201670 Printed in China

Contents

Introduction .......................................................2

Getting Started ..................................................6

Seeing a Demonstration ...................................8

Entering Drug Names .......................................9

Correcting Misspellings ..................................11

Brands, Generics, and Groups ...................... 13

Finding Interactions........................................ 15

Between Many Drugs ..................................15

For a Single Drug........................................ 17

Viewing References ........................................ 19

Sending Words to Other Books..................... 21

Digital Book System ........................................22

Warranty ...........................................................27

Product Specifications ................................... 28

Key Guide .........................................................29

Index..................................................................32

This handbook offers a quick guide to possible adverse effects

of drug interactions, with brief recommendations for precaution-

ary measures. References are given to original reports that

provide more complete discussions of each interaction.

This book— lists adverse drug interactions, their mechanisms,

and recommendations for clinical management. These listings

are usually based on clinical reports in humans.

Reports of interactions between more than two drugs are

appearing in the medical literature with increasing frequency.

Where these have been documented, they are noted as

comments under interacting pairs of drugs. Interactions listed

for groups of drugs (such as “cephalosporins” or “antidepres-

sants, tricyclic”) may not have been reported for every drug in

the group; known exceptions to the interaction are noted.

It is not possible to determine the frequency of most interac-

tions. When an interaction is documented by one or two case

reports rather than by clinical studies or reports in many

patients, the year of each report is given as some indication of

frequency.

Omissions—Drugs for which we have no documented

interaction are not included. New adverse interactions are

continually being reported; the absence of an interaction does

not necessarily mean that drugs will not interact when given

concurrently. Interactions between general anesthetics and

drugs likely to be administered during surgery, such as

autonomic drugs and local anesthetics, are not included here.

Interactions useful in therapy, such as increased plasma

concentration of penicillin with concurrent use of probenecid,

are also not included.

Common additive effects, such as occur with the use of two

Introduction

antihypertensive agents or two central-nervous-system

depressants, are generally not included. Effects expected from

the mechanism of a drug’s action, such as that of potassium on

digitalis glycosides or calcium on calcium-entry blockers, and

useful antagonist effects, such as that between a poison and an

antidote, are not listed. Most interactions of drugs with foods,

beverages, or other nutrients are not included, but foods

interacting with monoamine oxidase inhibitors are included.

Mechanisms of Interaction—Genetic differences can affect

drug metabolism and interactions. Drugs can interact by

changing the metabolism of other drugs, either through

inhibition or induction of any of several hepatic enzyme

activities or through alterations in hepatic blood flow; by altering

the binding of other drugs to plasma proteins or tissue

receptors; by altering the distribution of drugs to active receptor

sites; by delaying or enhancing excretion; or by causing additive

or synergistic effects.

Recommendations—Monitoring is most important when one of

the interacting drugs is stopped or started. Some experienced

clinicians may prefer to monitor the patient’s clinical status

rather than follow serum concentration of drugs.

Important Notice: The Medical Letter Drug Interactions

Program reports interactions occurring in people, which

can be documented primarily by published reports.

These may not include interactions mentioned in other

sources, such as the manufacturer’s package insert,

which are extrapolated from animal studies or interac-

tions reported for related drugs.

Introduction

What the

Handbook

Can Do

The Medical Letter®Handbook of Adverse Drug

Interactions

digital book is a powerful reference.

Using the

Handbook

, you can. . .

• find brand name drugs, generic drugs, drug

groups, and food groups,

• correct and find drug name spellings,

• find foods that interact with MAO inhibitors,

• enter up to 20 drugs and see a list of the

interactions between them,

• enter a single drug and see a list of the drugs

with which it interacts,

• read descriptions and references about

interactions, and

• look up drugs and words in related digital books.

Read this User’s Manual to learn how. You can

follow its numbered steps using the examples

shown or drugs that interest you.

ENTER

CLEAR

How the

Handbook

Works

The

Handbook

is easy to use. Here are the basics:

Highlight the HADI symbol. Then press .

At the main drug list, As you type, the drug

type a drug name. name is highlighted.

Then press .

Type another drug You see a prompt

name. Press . to “show interactions.”

Press . You see the interactions,

if any, between the drugs.

Press . You see a description of

the interaction.

Press . You’re ready to find

other interactions.

ENTER

Introduction

About Illustrations

The illustrations in this User’s Manual are from

the 1992 edition of the

Handbook

. The

information that you see on screen may be

different.

Getting Started

If you’re using the

Handbook

for the first time, read

this section. WARNING: If you install the

Handbook

with the Digital Book System on, information that you

entered in the other installed book may be erased.

1. Turn the Digital Book System off.

2. Put the

Handbook

in either slot on the

back of the Digital Book System.

Align the book’s tabs with the notches in the slot.

Make sure its metal contacts face down.

3. Press .

4. To adjust the screen contrast, turn the

wheel on the side of the Digital Book System.

5. Press .

6. Press or to highlight HADI.

ON/OFF

CARD

7. Press .

This is the

Handbook’s

initial screen, the top of

the main drug list. Here you enter drug names to

find interactions.

Getting Started

ENTER

CLEAR

BACK

HELP

BACK

Clearing the Screen and Backing Up

You can always return to the initial screen by

pressing . When you do, the drug names

in your query list are also cleared.

You can always return to the previous display by

pressing .

Help is Always at Hand

If you’re ever unsure about which key to use,

press to see an appropriate help mes-

sage. To scroll down help messages, press .

To exit them, press .

Seeing a Demonstration

Before you start using the

Handbook

, you may want

to see a brief demonstration.

1. At the initial screen, press .

2. Press to highlight DemoDemo

DemoDemo

Demo.

3. Press to start the demonstration.

4. To stop the demonstration, press .

CLEAR

ENTER

Resuming Where You Left Off

If you turn off the Digital Book System while

using the

Handbook

, you’ll return to the previ-

ous screen when you turn the Digital Book

System on. All the drugs that you entered in

your query list are saved, too.

Entering Drug Names

You enter drug names by typing them at the main

drug list. The main drug list contains brand and

generic names, foods, and drug and food groups. In

this User’s Manual, “drug name” refers to any name

on the main drug list. Try this example.

1. At the initial screen, type METAMETA

METAMETA

META.

2. Press to enter the drug in the your

query list .

3. Press to clear the entry.

Tips for Entering Drug Names

• Usually you need type only the first few letters

to highlight a drug name.

• You don’t need to type capitals or punctuation.

• To type numbers, hold and press the

numbered keys.

• To erase letters, press .

BACK

ENTER

CLEAR

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