Subaru LEGACY Manuel d'installation et d'exploitation

MSA5AV146B

Subaru of America. Inc.

This book may not be reproduced in whole

or in part without the express written permission

of Subaru of America, Inc.

Subaru of America, Inc. reserves the right at any time to make changes or modifications to sys-

tems, procedures, descriptions, and illustrations contained in this book without necessarily

updating this document. Specificationsincluded are accurate as they existed at the time of pub-

lication. Information herein is considered current as of August, 1997.

Subaru of America, Inc. MSA5AV146B

INTRODUCTION TO

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

INTRODUCTION

............................................

OVERVIEW

................................................

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE

5.3

AND THE

5.3i

..............

COMPONENT LOCATIONS

..................................

OPERATION

................................................

Pressure Decrease

.............................................

PressureHold

................................................

Pressure Increase

..............................................

DIAGNOSTICS

..............................................

Using the New Select Monitor with the Service Manual

...............

Using the New Select Monitor for Diagnosis

........................

BRAKEBLEEDING

.........................................

Sequencecontrol

.............................................

Commanding Sequence ControlWithout the Select Monitor

............

CONCLUSION

..............................................

Example of a Troubleshooting Procedure

...........................

Diagnosis Without the New Select Monitor

.........................

Using the Trigger Option

.......................................

Checking the Pedal Stroke

......................................

Video Reference Booklet

INTRODUCTION TO

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

This Video Reference Booklet accompanies

the videotape “An Introduction to ABS 5.3

System Diagnosis.” It summarizes the

information contained in the videotape.

This Booklet provides an overview of the

ABS 5.3 system; it covers the differences

between the 5.3 and the 5.3i, component

locations, a brief overview of the operation

of the ABS 5.3, diagnostics, and the brake

bleeding procedure.

Before using this videotape and the

Booklet, you should meet the following

prerequisites:

You should be familiar with basic brake

system diagnosis and repair, including the

brake bleeding procedure.

You should know how ABS systems

operate.

3. You should be familiar with Subaru

Service Manuals and be able to read the

electrical wiring diagrams.

You should know how to operate the

New Select Monitor.

If you do not meet these prerequisites, talk

to your supervisor or district technical

manager to arrange for additional training.

Video

Reference

Booklet

INTRODUCTION

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

VERVIEW

The ABS 5.3 is a four-sensor, four channel

system. It controls the front wheels inde-

pendently during ABS braking. It controls

the rear wheels as a pair, as appropriate for

whichever of the two wheels is turning

more slowly.

It was introduced in 1996 on Legacy vehi-

cles equipped with ABS. More recently, an

updated system, the ABS 5.3i, has been

introduced. The 5.3i is used on the 1998

Forester, late 1997 Legacy, and late 1997

Impreza vehicles equipped with ABS.

The ABS 5.3 system has improved self-

diagnostics and trouble code memory, and

it can communicate with OBD-I1 testers,

such as the New Select Monitor.

(1)

ABS control module and hydraulic

(5)

sensor

(2)

Proportioning valve

(6)

ABS warning light

control unit (ABSCM&H/U)

(9)

Wheel cylinder

Transmission control moi

AT vehicle)

(11)

Brake switch

Master cylinder

le(only

(3)

Diagnosis connector

(7)

Tone wheel

(4)

Data link connector (for SUBARU

(8)

ABS sensor

select monitor)

ABS

5.3i

System

Video Reference Booklet

INTRODUCTION

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

NIPPON Brake lines come Under Passenger's Seat

into top

unit. Has

brake bleeders on

top

unit.

in top of unit in shape

a square.

in top of unit lined up

in straight line.

BOSCH Brake lines come Under Passenger's Seat

ABS-2E Brake lines come Under Passenger's Seat

19961Early 1997Legacy 1998 Forester

No No

Yes No

90-94 Legacy

Hydraulic Unit Computer Location Long Term Memory?

ABS-2E Brake lines come in Under Passenger's Seat Yes

top

unit lined in

straight line.

come in top and two

in side

unit.

brake lines come in

the side

the unit.

brake lines come in

the top in the shape

of a square.

ABSiTCS

Two brake lines Under Passenger's Seat Yes

front wheel drive

Legacy Auto only

ABS 5.3 Motor stands upright, To the right

the glove box in the Yes

Legacy. To the left

the steering

colum in the Impreza.

ABS 5.3i Motor lies down, Computer part

the Hydraulic unit. Yes

Hydraulic Unit

Computer Location

Long Term Memory?

Select Monitor?

Yes

1993-97lmpreza

ABS-2E

1997 lmpreza

ABS 5.3

1998 lmpreza

ABS 5.3i

1992-96

SVX

Nippon

1998 Forester

ABS 5.3i

ABS Applications

Video

Reference

Booklet

INTRODUCTION TO

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

Dahlink connector

(for

SUBARU

(2,

Transmission controlmodule

ABS

sensor

Hydraulic

control

unit

Proportimingvaive select monitor)

Whedcylinder

sensor (only

AWD

vehicle)

ABS

control

module

Diagnosisconnector (only

vehicle)

Brakeswitch

ABS

warning

laht

Tonewheei

Mastercylinder

fleiay

box

ABS

5.3

System

Although the ABS 5.3 and 5.3i systems are

similar

most ways, there are

fen!

important differences.

On the ABS 5.3, the ABS control

unit

located behind and to the right

the glove

box. With the 5.3i, the ABS control

unit

mounted on the Hydraulic Control Unit

(HCU).

The Select Monitor can communicate only

with the

ABS

5.3. The New Select

Monitor can communicate with both the

5.3 and 5.3i, using the appropriate car-

tridges.

Select

Monitor

(Left)

and

New Select Monitor (Right)

Video

Reference

Booklet

INTRODUCTION

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

OMPONENT LOCATIONS

Most of the ABS

5.3

and 5.3i components

are located in the engine compartment.

The HCU is located under the hood at the

front right corner. It contains the solenoid

valves used to control hydraulic pressure to

the wheels during ABS braking, as well as

the motor pump assembly and the relays.

In the 5.3i version, the ABS control unit is

mounted on the HCU, instead

behind the

glove box.

For both models, the

sensor is located

under the center console.

senses acceler-

ation and deceleration,

that the ABS

control unit can compare the actual speed

of the vehicle with the speed reported by

the wheel speed sensors.

DIAGNOSIS CONNECTOR

DiagnosisConnector

The diagnosis connector is located above

the accelerator pedal. It can be used to

manually read and clear trouble codes.

ConnectingCable

to Data

Link Connector

The Data Link Connector (DLC) is located

under the dash panel on the driver’s side.

allows the New Select Monitor to commu-

nicate with several of the vehicle’s systems,

including the ABS.

At each wheel, there’s a speed sensor and a

tone wheel. The tone wheel provides a

magnetic pulse to the wheel speed sensor,

which the ABS control unit uses to deter-

mine the speed

rotation of the wheel.

Wheel Speed Sensor and Tone Wheel

Video

Reference

Booklet

INTRODUCTION TO

ABS

5.3

SYSTEM

DIAGNOSIS

PERATION

Hydraulic fluid is directed from the master

cylinder to the brake calipers at each

wheel, where the

HCU

controls brake fluid

flow by means of eight solenoid valves.

There

an inlet valve and an outlet valve

for each wheel. During normal braking,

the inlet valve is open and the outlet valve

is closed.

There are three ABS modes: Pressure

Decrease, Pressure Hold, and Pressure

Increase. When the ABS control unit sens-

es that one

more of the wheels

starting

to lock up, it activates the ABS system and

controls braking for the affected wheel, in

these ABS modes.

also activates the

motor-pump assembly.

Pressure Decrease

In the Pressure Decrease mode, the

HCU

closes the inlet solenoid valve, shutting off

pressure from the master cylinder to the

brake caliper at the affected wheel. At the

same time it opens the outlet solenoid

valve, releasing brake fluid pressure from

the caliper, reducing braking at that wheel.

DAMPER

FROM MASTER CYLINDER CHAMBER

RESERVOIR

HydraulicSystem

NormalBraking

DAMPER

FROM MASTER CYLINDER CHAMBER

INTLET

I33

RESERVOIR

HydraulicSystem

PressureDecrease

Video Reference Booklet

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