ST STEVAL-TTM001V1 Manuel utilisateur

Introduction

The STEVAL-TTM001V1 evaluation kit is designed to demonstrate the highly efficient ST automotive-grade 100 V STripFET F7

series Power MOSFETs and BLDC motor driver IC operating in typical automotive low voltage (car battery up to 48 V), high

current motor control applications.

The kit includes a board to sense and condition currents, and a driver board with a programmable L9907 FET driver with full

diagnostics to manage all 36 STH315N10F7 Power MOSFETs on a power board also included in the kit.

The driver board also includes an ST motor control connector to interface with any compatible ST motor control board (not

included in the kit), and various other connectors and jumpers for monitoring and protection, motor position feedback

information, and auxiliary power.

Figure 1. STEVAL-TTM001V1 evaluation kit

5 kW low voltage high current inverter for automotive motor control applications

UM2673

User manual

UM2673 - Rev 1 - January 2020

For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.

www.st.com

1Evaluation kit features

1.1 Electrical and functional characteristics

The kit features the following main characteristics:

•Power board with insulated metal substrate (IMS) hosting 36 STH315N10F7 power MOSFETS in the

H²PAK-6 (6x switch) package for automotive applications.

•L9907 automotive gate drivers to drive the power MOSFETs providing full diagnostic and programmable

parameters (cross conduction, dead time, gate current, etc.) via SPI.

• Maximum power 5 kW at 48 V.

• Isolated current sensing, bus voltage and temperature monitoring.

1.2 Target applications

The STEVAL-TTM001V1 kit is designed for applications involving motor drives for electric traction, such as:

•urban electric cars

• small city buses

• other 48V electric vehicles

UM2673

Evaluation kit features

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 2/42

2Safety and operating instructions

2.1 General terms

All operations involving transportation, installation and use, as well as maintenance, has to be carried out by

skilled technical personnel (national accident prevention rules must be observed). For the purpose of these basic

safety instructions, "skilled technical personnel" are considered as suitably qualified people who are familiar with

the installation, use, and maintenance of power electronic systems.

2.2 Intended use of evaluation kit

This evaluation kit is designed for demonstration purposes only and shall not be used for any commercial

purpose. The technical data, as well as information concerning power supply conditions, must be taken from the

relevant documentation and strictly observed.

2.3 Evaluation kit setup

• The evaluation kit must be set up in accordance with the specifications and the targeted application.

•The board contains electro-statically sensitive components that are prone to damage through improper use.

Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed.

•Avoid any contact with other electronic components.

• During the motor driving, converters must be protected against excessive strain. Do not bend or alter the

isolating distances any components during transportation or handling.

2.4 Electronic connections

Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the main power supply with a

motor drive. The electrical installation must be completed in accordance with the appropriate requirements. A

system architecture which supplies power to the evaluation board must be equipped with additional control and

protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety requirements (e.g., compliance with technical

equipment and accident prevention rules).

UM2673

Safety and operating instructions

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 3/42

3Evaluation kit overview

The STEVAL-TTM001V1 evaluation kit is designed to let you evaluate STH315N10F7 power MOSFETs, which

are driven by the automotive grade L9907 three phase gate driver able to provide full diagnostic and

programmable parameters via SPI. The system includes a bulk capacitor board and a current sensing board.

The STEVAL-TTM001V1 can be interfaced with any ST MCU evaluation board with embedded ST motor control

connector and ST FOC firmware library support.

This kit has been tested with the STEVAL-TTM002V1 (not included in this kit) which features an SPC560P50L3

32-bit power architecture MCU for automotive applications.

Figure 2. STEVAL-TTM001V1 block diagram

DRIVING STAGEPOWER STAGE

SPI

Motor Control

ICS

Vin

5V DC/DC

3V3 DC/DC

DRV > PW

L9907

driver

ENC/HALL

PW->DRV PW->DRV PW>DRV

12x

STH315N10F7

in H2PAK-6

Phase_U Phase_V Phase_W

Shunt

resistor

Shunt

resistor

Shunt

resistor

12x

STH315N10F7

in H2PAK-6

12x

STH315N10F7

in H2PAK-6

connector on top

connector on bottom

NTC

LEGEND

12V DC/DC

DRV > PW DRV > PW

UM2673

Evaluation kit overview

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 4/42

4STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board

The STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board of the evaluation kit has 36 STH31*N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFETS in

the H²PAK-6 package. A gate resistor is placed near each power MOSFET to eliminate parasitic oscillation. A

pull-down resistor between the gate and the source of each transistor helps to avoid capacitive coupling driving

the transistor and unwanted switch-on when gate is floating. A snubber RC circuit on each switch limits the rate of

voltage change during switching transitions to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and losses.

two decoupling capacitors close to the switching power MOSFETs reduce ringing on the VDS and voltage stress

on the devices. The capacitors reduce voltage overshoot caused by abrupt current change in the parasitic

inductors in the circuit.

To monitor the temperature of the power board and provide over-temperature protection, three NTCs are placed

on the power board near the drain of one power MOSFET for each inverter leg.

The power section also has connectors for the driver board, with CON5 (phase_U), CON6 (phase_V) and CON7

(phase_W) for gate driving and NTC sensing, and J3 for bus voltage. The board also hosts six towers near the

bulk capacitor board connection and three towers near the motor connection.

Figure 3. Main blocks of the STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board

4.1 STH315N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFET characteristics

The N-channel Power MOSFETs use STripFET™ F7 technology with an enhanced trench gate structure for very

low on-state resistance and reduces internal capacitance and gate charge for faster and more efficient switching.

The STH315N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFET has the following features:

• Designed for automotive applications and AEC-Q101 qualified

•Among the lowest RDS(on) on the market

UM2673

STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 5/42

• Excellent figure of merit (FoM)

•Low Crss/Ciss ratio for EMI immunity

•High avalanche ruggedness

Figure 4. Package and internal schematic diagram

UM2673

STH315N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFET characteristics

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 6/42

5STEVAL-CTM007V1 driver board

Figure 5. STEVAL-CTM007V1 driver board functional blocks

1. connections to power board

2. motor control connector

3. ENC/HALL connector

4. ICS connector compatible with STEVAL-CTM008V1

5. L9907 driver

6. 3V3 DC/DC regulation

7. 5V DC/DC regulation

8. 12V DC/DC regulation

11 1

5.1 Power supply section

The power supply section provides all the voltages necessary for the circuitry. The required input voltage is 8 to

25 V input, which is supplied through connector JP1.

The input voltage is then converted to the following voltage levels:

• +12V for gate driver section (via an A7986 which is a 3 A step-down switching regulator)

• +5V and +3.3V for the control board (via an A6902 which is a 1 A switch step-down regulator)

5.2 Bus voltage monitoring

Bus voltage monitoring is implemented across an input voltage range of 5 to 75 V.

The following table shows the measured input voltage and the corresponding voltage level sent to the ADC input

of the SPC5 microcontroller unit.

Table 1. Input voltage bus and input signal to SPC5 ADC channel

Input Voltage ADC input

48V 2.0V

75V (max value) 3.1V

5.3 Temperature monitor

Three NTCs are placed on the power section to provide temperature information, although only one NTC may be

chosen at a time. Close one of the three jumpers S1, S2 or S3 to read the temperature near the U, V or W phase,

respectively. The microcontroller monitors processed signals to determine the temperature of the driver board and

manage any overload or over-temperature conditions.

To protect the hardware from excess temperature, a safe threshold is set in SPC5-MCTK-LIB.

UM2673

STEVAL-CTM007V1 driver board

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 7/42

Table 2. NTC electrical characteristics

Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit

R-40 Resistance T = -40°C - 105.7 - kΩ

R25 Resistance T = 25°C - 4.7 - kΩ

R100 Resistance T = 100°C - 0.426 - kΩ

B B- constant T = 25°C to 50°C - 3500 - -

T Operating temp range - -40 - 125 °C

5.4 L9907 gate driver characteristics

The main features of the L9907 gate driver are listed below:

•dV/dt immunity ±50 V/ns in full temperature range

• AEC-Q100 qualified

•Supply voltage from 6 V to 54 V for working battery applications

• The device can withstand -7 V to 90 V at the FET high-side Driver pins

• Low standby current consumption

• 3.3 V internal regulator supplied by VCC pin

• Boost regulator for full RDSON down to 6 V and over voltage protection

• 3 low-side plus 3 high-side drivers

• PWM operation up to 20 kHz

• Gate driver current adjustable via SPI in 4 steps.

– Range set via external resistor.

– Maximum gate controlled current 600 mA

• Source connection to each MOSFET

• Input pin for each gate driver

RELATED LINKS

See application note AN5124 for more details

UM2673

L9907 gate driver characteristics

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 8/42

6Bus link capacitor board and current sensing board

6.1 STEVAL-CTM005V1 bus link capacitor board

In EV inverter systems, bus link capacitors reduce ripple current and suppress voltage spikes caused by leakage

inductance and switching operations. These capacitors provide a low impedance path for the ripple currents

caused by output inductance load, the bus voltage and PWM frequency.

The bus link capacitors must sustain a ripple current given by the following formula:

ΔI0.5t= 0.25 × Vbus

f×L

Where:

• ΔI0.5t is the maximum ripple current when duty cycle is 50%

•Vbus is the bus voltage

• f is the switching frequency

• L is the load inductance.

For a very low inductance motor (worst case scenario), ΔI0.5t is about 48 ARMS (Vbus = 52 V, f = 8 kHz and

L = 12 μH). If we add 10% to ΔI0.5t and choose electrolytic capacitors with a ripple current of 2.4 A, 22 electrolytic

capacitors are required. The resulting capacitance is about 6 mF, leading to a negligible ripple voltage on the bus.

Figure 6. STEVAL-CTM005V1 bus link capacitor board

6.2 STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board

The STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board is a general purpose board for motor control that can read up to

three phase motor currents and DC bus currents if four ICS are on-board. The board included in the kit hosts two

ICS to read two phase currents.

This sensing feature determines motor currents for digital control based on FOC algorithms. The sensors provide

high accuracy, with 4 mV/A over a temperature range of -40 °C to +105 °C and a nominal current of 200 ARMS.

The internal reference voltage of the ICSs (according to their VCC) is generally used, but the reference voltage

can be overdriven by providing an external reference voltage through the J1 connector. A female to female flat

cable is used to connect CON2 on the driver board with J1 on the current sensing board.

The signals from the sensors center around 1.65 V (average value at zero current).

UM2673

Bus link capacitor board and current sensing board

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 9/42

Figure 7. STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board

UM2673

STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board

UM2673 - Rev 1 page 10/42

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