H3C S5500-EI series Manuel utilisateur

Operation Manual – Track

H3C S5500-EI Series Ethernet Switches Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Track Configuration.....................................................................................................1-1

1.1 Track Overview..................................................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Detection Modules...................1-2

1.1.2 Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Application Modules.................1-2

1.2 Track Configuration Task List............................................................................................1-2

1.3 Configuring Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Detection Modules..........1-3

1.3.1 Configuring Track-NQA Collaboration ....................................................................1-3

1.4 Configuring Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Application Modules........ 1-3

1.4.1 Configuring Track-VRRP Collaboration ..................................................................1-3

1.4.2 Configuring Track-Static Routing Collaboration......................................................1-4

1.5 Displaying and Maintaining Track Object(s)......................................................................1-5

1.6 Track Configuration Example ............................................................................................1-6

1.6.1 VRRP-Track-NQA Collaboration Configuration Example.......................................1-6

Operation Manual – Track

H3C S5500-EI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 Track Configuration

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Chapter 1 Track Configuration

When configuring Track, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

zTrack Overview

zTrack Configuration Task List

zConfiguring Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Detection Modules

zConfiguring Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Application Modules

zDisplaying and Maintaining Track Object(s)

zTrack Configuration Example

1.1 Track Overview

Figure 1-1 Collaboration through the Track module

The Track module is used to implement collaboration between different modules.

The collaboration here involves three parts: the application modules, the Track module,

and the detection modules. These modules collaborate with one another through

collaboration objects. That is, the detection modules trigger the application modules to

perform certain operations through the Track module. More specifically, the detection

modules probe the link status, network performance and so on, and inform the

application modules of the detection result through the Track module. After the

application modules are aware of the changes of network status, they deal with the

changes accordingly to avoid communication interruption and network performance

degradation.

The Track module works between the application modules and the detection modules

and is mainly used to obscure the difference of various detection modules to provide a

unified interface for application modules.

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1.1.1 Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Detection Modules

You can establish the collaboration between the Track module and the detection

modules through configuration. A detection module probes the link status and informs

the Track module of the probe result. The Track module then changes the status of the

Track object accordingly:

zIf the probe succeeds, the status of the corresponding Track object is Positive;

zIf the probe fails, the status of the corresponding Track object is Negative.

At present, the detection modules that can collaborate with the Track module include

the Network Quality Analyzer (NQA) only. Refer to NQA Configuration for details of

NQA.

1.1.2 Collaboration Between the Track Module and the Application Modules

You can establish the collaboration between the Track module and the application

modules through configuration. If the status of the Track object changes, the Track

module tells the application modules to deal with the change accordingly.

At present, the application modules that can collaborate with the Track module include:

zVRRP

zStatic routing

1.2 Track Configuration Task List

To implement the collaboration function, you need to establish collaboration between

the Track module and the detection modules, and between the Track module and the

application modules.

Complete these tasks to configure Track module:

Task Remarks

Configuring Collaboration

Between the Track Module

and the Detection Modules

Configuring Track-NQA

Collaboration Required

Configuring Track-VRRP

Collaboration

Configuring Collaboration

Between the Track Module

and the Application Modules Configuring Track-Static Routing

Collaboration

Use either

approach

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H3C S5500-EI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 Track Configuration

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1.3 Configuring Collaboration Between the Track Module and

the Detection Modules

1.3.1 Configuring Track-NQA Collaboration

Through the following configuration, you can establish the collaboration between the

Track module and the NQA, which probes the link status and informs the Track module

of the probe result.

Follow these steps to configure Track-NQA collaboration:

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Create a Track object and

associate it with the

specified Reaction entry

of the NQA test group

track track-entry-number

nqa entry admin-name

operation-tag reaction

item-num

Required

No Track object is created

by default.

Caution:

When you configure a Track object, the specified NQA test group and Reaction entry

can be nonexistent. In this case, the status of the configured Track object is Invalid.

1.4 Configuring Collaboration Between the Track Module and

the Application Modules

1.4.1 Configuring Track-VRRP Collaboration

Through the Track-VRRP collaboration, you can:

zMonitor the upper link. If there is a fault on the upper link of the master of a VRRP

group, hosts in the LAN cannot access theexternal network through the master. In

this case, the status of the monitored Track object changes to Negative, and the

priority of the master thus decreases by a specified value, allowing ahigher priority

backup in the VRRP group to become the master to maintain proper

communication between the hosts in the LAN and the external network.

zMonitor the master on a backup. If there is a fault on the master, the backup

working in the switchover mode will switch to the master immediately to maintain

normal communication.

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I. Configuration prerequisites

Before configuring VRRP to monitor a Track object, you need to create a VRRP group

on an interface and configure the virtual IP address of the VRRP group.

II. Configuration procedure

Follow these steps to configure Track-VRRP collaboration:

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Enter interface view interface interface-type

interface-number —

Create a VRRP group and

configure its virtual IP

address

vrrp vrid virtual-router-id

virtual-ip virtual-address

Required

No VRRP group is

created by default.

Specify a Track object to

be monitored by VRRP

vrrp vrid virtual-router-id

track track-entry-number

[ reduced

priority-reduced |

switchover ]

Required

No Track object is

specified for VRRP by

default.

Note:

zDo not perform Track object monitoring on the IP address owner.

zWhen the status of the monitored Track object turns from Negative to Positive, the

corresponding master restores its priority automatically.

zThe monitored Track object can be nonexistent, so that you can first specify the

Track object to be monitored using the vrrp vrid track command, and then create

the Track object using the track command.

zRefer to VRRP Configuration for details of VRRP.

1.4.2 Configuring Track-Static Routing Collaboration

You can check the validity of a static route in real time by establishing collaboration

between Track and static routing.

If you specify the next hop but not the egress interface when configuring a static route,

you can associate the static route with a Track object and thus check the validity of the

static route according to the status of the Track object.

zIf the status of the Track object is Positive, then the next hop of the static route is

reachable, and the configured static route is valid.

zIf the status of the Track object is Negative, then the next hop of the static route is

unreachable, and the configured static route is invalid.

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Follow these steps to configure the Track-Static Routing collaboration:

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Configure the Track-Static

Routing collaboration, so

as to check the

reachability of the next

hop of the static route

ip route-static

dest-address { mask |

mask-length }

next-hop-address track

track-entry-number

[ preference

preference-value ] [ tag

tag-value ] [ description

description-text ]

Required

Not configured by default.

Note:

zFor the configuration of Track-Static Routing collaboration, the specified static route

can be an existent or nonexistent one. For an existent static route, the static route

and the specified Track object are associated directly; for a nonexistent static route,

the system creates the static route and then associates it with the specified Track

object.

zThe Track object to be associated with the static route can be a nonexistent one.

After you use the track command to create the Track object, the association takes

effect.

zIf a static route needs route recursion, the associated Track object must monitor the

next hop of the recursive route instead of that of the static route; otherwise, a valid

route may be considered invalid.

zFor details of static route configuration, refer to the Static Routing Configuration part

in IPv4 Routing Configuration.

1.5 Displaying and Maintaining Track Object(s)

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Display information about

the specified Track object

or all Track objects

display track

{ track-entry-number | all } Available in any view

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1.6 Track Configuration Example

1.6.1 VRRP-Track-NQA Collaboration Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

zHost A needs to access Host B on the Internet. The default gateway of Host A is

10.1.1.10/24.

zSwitch A and Switch B belong to VRRP group 1, whose virtual IP address is

10.1.1.10.

zWhen Switch A works normally, packets from Host A to Host B are forwarded

through Switch A. When VRRP finds that there is a fault on the upper link of Switch

A through NQA, packets from Host A to Host B are forwarded through Switch B.

II. Network diagram

Host A

Switch A

Switch B

Virtual IP address:

10.1.1.10/24

Vlan-int2

10.1.1.1/24

Vlan-int2

10.1.1.2/24

Host B

10.1.1.3/24

20.1.1.1/24

Internet

Vlan-int3

10.1.2.1/24

Vlan-int3

10.1.3.1/24

Vlan-int3

10.1.3.2/24

Vlan-int3

10.1.2.2/24 Switch C

Switch D

Figure 1-2 Network diagram for VRRP-Track-NQA collaboration configuration

III. Configuration procedure

1) Configure the IP address of each interface as shown in Figure 1-2.

2) Configure an NQA test group on Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view

# Create an NQA test group with the administrator name admin and the operation tag

test.

[SwitchA] nqa entry admin test

# Configure the test type as ICMP-echo.

[SwitchA-nqa-admin-test] type icmp-echo

# Configure the destination address as 10.1.2.2.

[SwitchA-nqa-admin-test-icmp-echo] destination ip 10.1.2.2

# Set the test frequency to 100 ms.

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[SwitchA-nqa-admin-test-icmp-echo] frequency 100

# Configure Reaction entry 1, specifying that five consecutive probe failures trigger the

Track-NQA collaboration.

[SwitchA-nqa-admin-test-icmp-echo] reaction 1 checked-element probe-fail

threshold-type consecutive 5 action-type trigger-only

[SwitchA-nqa-admin-test-icmp-echo] quit

# Start NQA probes.

[SwitchA] nqa schedule admin test start-time now lifetime forever

3) Configure a Track object on Switch A.

# Configure Track object 1, and associate it with Reaction entry 1 of the NQAtest group

(with the administrator admin, and the operation tag test).

[SwitchA] track 1 nqa entry admin test reaction 1

4) Configure VRRP on Switch A.

# Create VRRP group 1, and configure the virtual IP address 10.1.1.10 for the group.

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 2

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.10

# Set the priority of Switch A in VRRP group 1 to 110.

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 priority 110

# Set the authentication mode of VRRP group 1 to simple, and the authentication key

to hello.

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode simple hello

# Configure the master to send VRRP packets at an interval of five seconds.

[SwitchA-Ethernet1/0] vrrp vrid 1 timer advertise 5

# Configure SwitchA to work in preemptive mode, and set the preemption delay to five

seconds.

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 5

# Configure to monitor Track object 1 and specify the priority decrement to 30.

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 track 1 reduced 30

5) Configure VRRP on Switch B.

<SwitchB> system-view

[SwitchB] interface vlan-interface 2

# Create VRRP group 1, and configure the virtual IP address 10.1.1.10 for the group.

[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.10

# Set the authentication mode of VRRP group 1 to simple, and the authentication key

to hello.

[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode simple hello

# Configure the master to send VRRP packets at an interval of five seconds.

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[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 timer advertise 5

# Configure Switch B to work in preemptive mode, and set the preemption delay to five

seconds.

[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 5

6) Verify the configuration

After configuration, ping Host B on Host A, and you can see that Host B is reachable.

Use the display vrrp command to view the configuration result.

# Display detailed information about VRRP group 1 on Switch A.

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Standby Information:

Run Method : VIRTUAL-MAC

Virtual IP Ping : Enable

Interface : Vlan-interface2

VRID : 1 Adver. Timer : 5

Admin Status : UP State : Master

Config Pri : 110 Run Pri : 110

Preempt Mode : YES Delay Time : 5

Auth Type : SIMPLE TEXT Key : hello

Track Object : 1 Pri Reduced : 0

Virtual IP : 10.1.1.10

Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101

Master IP : 10.1.1.1

# Display detailed information about VRRP group 1 on Switch B.

[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Standby Information:

Run Method : VIRTUAL-MAC

Virtual IP Ping : Enable

Interface : Vlan-interface2

VRID : 1 Adver. Timer : 5

Admin Status : UP State : Backup

Config Pri : 100 Run Pri : 100

Preempt Mode : YES Delay Time : 5

Auth Type : SIMPLE TEXT Key : hello

Virtual IP : 10.1.1.10

Master IP : 10.1.1.1

The above output information indicates that in VRRP group 1, Switch A is the master

and Switch B is a backup. Packets from HostAto Host B are forwarded through Switch

Operation Manual – Track

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When there is a fault on the link between Switch A and Switch C, you can still

successfully ping Host B on Host A. Use the display vrrp command to view information

about VRRP group 1.

# Display detailed information about VRRP group 1 on SwitchAwhen there is a fault on

the link between SwitchA and Switch C.

[SwitchA-Vlan-interface2] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Standby Information:

Run Method : VIRTUAL-MAC

Virtual IP Ping : Enable

Interface : Vlan-interface2

VRID : 1 Adver. Timer : 5

Admin Status : UP State : Backup

Config Pri : 110 Run Pri : 80

Preempt Mode : YES Delay Time : 5

Auth Type : SIMPLE TEXT Key : hello

Track Object : 1 Pri Reduced : 30

Virtual IP : 10.1.1.10

Master IP : 10.1.1.2

# Display detailed information about VRRPgroup 1 on Switch B when there is a fault on

the link between SwitchA and Switch C.

[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] display vrrp verbose

IPv4 Standby Information:

Run Method : VIRTUAL-MAC

Virtual IP Ping : Enable

Interface : Vlan-interface2

VRID : 1 Adver. Timer : 5

Admin Status : UP State : Master

Config Pri : 100 Run Pri : 100

Preempt Mode : YES Delay Time : 5

Auth Type : SIMPLE TEXT Key : hello

Virtual IP : 10.1.1.10

Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101

Master IP : 10.1.1.2

The output information indicates that when there is a fault on the link between Switch A

and Switch C, the priority of Switch Adecreases to 80. Switch A becomes the backup,

and Switch B becomes the master. Packets from Host A to Host B are forwarded

through Switch B.

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