Ramsey Electronics TXE433 Manuel utilisateur

Need a data transmitter or receiver for your remote wireless

application? These compact units are perfect for any project;

car alarms, door openers, home security, you name it!

•Powerful +10 dBm output – up to 600’ range!

•SAW Resonators for high stability – no drift!

•Compact size with low current demand.

•433 MHz license free band.

•Automatic tuning – no manual adjustments.

•Operates on 5 volts DC.

WIRELESS RF LINK

TRANSMITTER/ENCODER

MODULE

Ramsey Electronics Model No. TXE433

TXE433 •2

RAMSEY WIRELESS RF LINKS

• RX916 Data Receiver Module

• TX916 Transmitter Module

• RXD916 Data Receiver & Decoder Module

• TXE916 Transmitter & Encoder Module

• RXD433 Data Receiver & Decoder

• TX433 Data Transmitter Module

•RX433 Data Receiver

RAMSEY TRANSMITTER KITS

• FM10A, 25 FM Stereo Transmitters

• TV6 Television Transmitter

RAMSEY RECEIVER KITS

• FR1 FM Broadcast Receiver

• AR1 Aircraft Band Receiver

• SR2 Short-wave Receiver

• AA7 Active Antenna

• SC1 Short-wave Converter

RAMSEY AMATEUR RADIO KITS

• HR Series HF All Mode Receivers

• QRP Series HF CW Transmitters

• CW700 Micro Memory CW Keyer

• PA Series VHF and UHF Power Amplifiers

• Packet Computer Interfaces

• QRP Power Amplifiers

RAMSEY MINI-KITS

Many other kits are available for hobby, school, Scouts and just plain FUN. New

kits are always under development. Write or call for our free Ramsey catalog.

TX433 WIRELESS TRANSMITTER/ENCODER INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Ramsey Electronics publication No. MTX433 Revision 1.1

First printing: July 1999

written permission of Ramsey Electronics, Inc. Printed in the United States of America.

TXE433 •3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction ...................................... 4

How Encoders and Decoders Work. 4

Schematic Diagram.......................... 6

Antenna Considerations................... 8

Hook up diagram.............................. 9

Conclusion ....................................... 10

Warranty .......................................... 11

WIRELESS RF LINK

TRANSMITTER MODULE

INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR

Ramsey Publication No. MTXE433

Price $5.00

TXE433 •4

THE TXE433

This wireless RF transmitter/encoder has a 4 bit data input that will be

transmitted and encoded, then decoded by the receiver, RXD433. The

output is CMOS compatible when the unit is run on +5 volts.

The “decoder address select” allows you to use one transmitter to control

different receivers by giving each receiver a unique address. The decoder

chip has eight address lines that can be connected to either +5 volts or

ground, making it a simple matter of matching the address select pins on the

receiver/decoder module to match the address pins on the transmitter/

encoder. These outputs are also CMOS compatible when run on +5 volts.

The transmitter/encoder unit has a “transmit enable” input. When the

address pins are set up properly and you are ready to transmit, you must

ground the “transmit enable” pin to send the data to the receiver.

How Encoders and Decoders work:

A wireless remote control system requires a clean input signal to ensure that

correct data is received. At all RF frequencies, but especially at the

frequencies where unlicensed transmitter operation is allowed, the RF

spectrum is cluttered with signals and noise that must be filtered for proper

data reception. Rather than use microprocessors to detect and correct

errors, an encoder IC and corresponding decoder IC can be used on the

transmitter and receiver. A code is generated at the transmitter that must be

matched at the receiver before the data is recognized as being valid. This

type of system is widely used in wireless control applications since it is a

reliable way of ensuring security and eliminating interference. Your garage

door opener is an excellent example of such a system. All the openers on

your street may be made by the same company, and may even be on the

same frequency, but each has an internal code programmed into it so that

when you push the button, only your garage door opens.

In our TXE/RXD modules we use the Holtek HT12 series of ICs to

accomplish this encoding/decoding scheme. Following is an explanation of

how these IC‘s work.

Let’s explore how the data and address lines allow one to control many

different outputs for different applications. Because of the versatility of the

HT-12E encoder/decoder chips it is possible to program hundreds of

possible addresses and transmit to several different receivers using the

same transmitter. The HT12E encoders begin a 4-word transmission cycle

when transmit enable is pulled low. This cycle will repeat itself as long as

TXE433 •5

the transmit enable is held low. Once the TE pin is pulled high, the encoder

output completes its final cycle then stops. When the decoder chip receives

serial data, it compares the address pulses to its address settings and if

they are the same, it sends a high to the “data valid”, pin 18. At that point

the data is considered valid and sent to the data output pins, 11 through 14.

Each individual data line can be used as a separate output to drive

individual devices or circuits, or all can be combined using suitable logic

gates. Because there are four lines, they are capable of sending/receiving

four bits of binary information. This allows a decimal count of 0 to 15.

The data is latched, meaning that the information sent stays at the same

level until new data is sent, even when the transmit enable is no longer

present on the transmitter. If you desire a momentary output, the circuit on

the following page is an example of one way to make the data output on

your RXD916 momentary. The transmitters and receivers each have 8

address lines that can be pulled high or pulled low. To enable the address

lines on the receiver unit they must match the transmitter unit. This gives

256 possible variations in address – imagine 256 receiver units all waiting

for the proper signal and ready to be used for different applications!

Because the transmitters all use the same frequency you would run into

interference if you tried to use more than one transmitter at the same time.

We’ve all had this experience when travelling; you’re tuning the radio and

happen to be caught between two stations. Each station competes with the

other and neither of them comes in clearly. This type of situation would not

be welcome when trying to control different functions since any data

received would be corrupted. However, since each receiver is “listening for”

its own address you can have several receivers on and waiting for the

proper address signal to activate. Each receiver module will receive any

transmission on its frequency but will reject all but the proper transmission

since the address settings don’t match.

It is obvious that we must set the address lines on both the transmitter and

receiver so that they are the same. This entails tying each line either high or

low by running a jumper to either ground or +5 volts. You may want to run

wire jumpers for each individual receiver if you’re using more than one but

since you only need one transmitter to operate several receivers, the

connections you make on the transmitter module should be more easily

changed. A simple way to accomplish this is to use DIP switches. These

can be set up so that each individual address line is connected to +5 volts

through a 10K resistor when open. The other side of the switch should be

connected directly to ground. This way, any switch and its corresponding

address line that is left open is tied high via the 10K resistor.

TXE433 •6

TXE433 •7

TXE433 •8

To pull an address line low, simply flip the switch for that address line.

Match the address settings on the desired receiver module and you’re ready

to go.

ANTENNA CONSIDERATIONS:

The simplest antenna consists of a piece of wire approximately 6 to 7 inches

long. If you desire more range you can try a ground plane antenna or a

Yagi such as the Ramsey 4004 model. The antenna should be tuned for the

433 MHz band for best operation.

Remember that the range you get will depend on terrain, obstructions, and

height of antenna. Buildings can reflect RF energy making it difficult or

impossible to receive the desired signal. Also, if a reflected signal is

“bounced” off of a building or other object, it can be received along with the

direct signal. If the reflected signal is out of phase with the direct signal, it is

possible for the direct signal to be partially cancelled by the weaker,

reflected signal. Since the wavelength of the 433 MHz signal is about two

feet, moving the antenna slightly can effect the phase of a reflected signal.

The ideal conditions for best transmission and reception are line of sight and

outside with no obstructions.

TXE433 •9

Data lines: Input

your data here.

Data output at RXD-

433 will match data

input to transmitter.

Address lines:

Ground individual

lines to match

RXD-433 receiver

address lines.

Antenna: Attach your

antenna here.

V+: Attach

your +5 volt

source here.

GND: Attach

your power

supply ground

here.

Enable: Ground the transmit enable

pin to send data to the receiver.

A0 through A7: A0 through A7: These are the address lines. Individual ad-

dress lines should be connected to +5 volts or ground to match the RXD433

transmitter address lines. Lines should be tied high or low and should not be

left open.

A through D: These are the data output lines. The input to these lines will

match the output at the RXD433 transmitter data lines.

Enable: When you are ready to transmit, ground the transmit enable pin to

begin sending data to the receiver.

TXE433 •10

CONCLUSION

We sincerely hope that you will enjoy the use of this Ramsey product. As al-

ways, we have tried to compose our manual in the easiest, most “user

friendly” format that is possible. As our customers, we value your opinions,

comments, and additions that you would like to see in future publications.

Please submit comments or ideas to:

Ramsey Electronics Inc.

Attn. Hobby Kit Department

590 Fishers Station Drive

Victor, NY 14564

And once again, thanks from the folks at Ramsey!

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