Black Box MEG821AE Manuel utilisateur

MANUAL

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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Safety Warnings

For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions before device use.

DO NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other

risks. ONLY qualified service personnel can service the device. Please contact your vendor for further information.

Use ONLY the dedicated power supply for your device. Connect the power cord to the right supply voltage (110V AC in

North America or 230V AC in Europe).

DO NOT use the device if the power supply is damaged as it might cause electrocution. If the power supply is damaged,

remove it from the power outlet. DO NOT attempt to repair the power supply. Contact your local vendor to order a new power

supply.

Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them. DO NOT allow anything to rest on

the power cord and do NOT locate the product where anyone can work on the power cord.

DO NOT install nor use your device during a thunderstorm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.

DO NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.

DO NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.

Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.

Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.

DO NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.

DO NOT store things on the device.

DO NOT use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There may be a remote risk of electric

shock from lightning.

Be careful when unplugging the power, because the transformer may be very hot.

Keep the device and all its parts and accessories out of children’s reach.

Clean the device using a soft and dry cloth rather than liquid or atomizers. Power off the equipment before cleansing it.

This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

http://www.black-box.eu

VDSL2 Brief

VDSL2 (Very-High-Bit-Rate Digital Subscriber Line 2, ITU-T G.993.2 Standard) is an access technology that exploits the existing

infrastructure of copper wires that were originally deployed for POTS services. It can be deployed from central offices, from fibre-fed

cabinets located near the customer premises, or within buildings.

ITU-T G.993.2 VDSL2 is the newest and most advanced standard of DSL broadband wireline communications. Designed to support

the wide deployment of Triple Play services such as voice, video, data, high definition television (HDTV) and interactive gaming,

VDSL2 enables operators and carriers to gradually, flexibly, and cost efficiently upgrade existing xDSL-infrastructure.

ITU-T G.993.2 (VDSL2) is an enhancement to G.993.1 VDSL that permits the transmission of asymmetric and symmetric

(Full-Duplex) aggregate data rates up to 200 Mbit/s on twisted pairs using a bandwidth up to 30 MHz.

VDSL2 deteriorates quickly from a theoretical maximum of 200 Mbit/s at 'source' to symmetric 100 Mbit/s at 0.3 km and 50 Mbit/s at

1 km, but degrades at a much slower rate from there, and still outperforms VDSL. Starting from 1,6 km its performance is equal to

ADSL2+.

ADSL-like long reach (LR) performance: ADSL-like long reach performance is one of the key advantages of VDSL2. LR-VDSL2

enabled systems are capable of supporting speeds of around 1-4 Mbit/s (downstream) over distances of 2.5 km, gradually

increasing the bit rate up to symmetric 100Mbit/s as loop-length shortens. This means that VDSL2-based systems, unlike VDSL1

systems, are not limited to short loops or MTU/MDUs only, but can also be used for medium range applications.

MEG821AE

The MEG821AE utilize Lantiq(Infineon) Vinax VDSL2 Chipset, which is a MEG821AE that aggregates 8 ports into Giga Ethernet

uplinks for high-speed data/Internet services.

Based on DMT VDSL2 technologies, MEG821AE extends data service with line rate of solution for services such as remote lecturing,

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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telemedicine, video conferencing, Video-on-Demand (VoD), IP-TV, Internet access and other various high-speed data applications.

When the number of subscribers increases, the second uplink Giga Ethernet interface can be used to daisy chain to another

MEG821AE. Alternatively, multiple MEG821AE can be connected to another LAN switch to from a two-tier configuration, thus

supporting a lot more subscribers. The MEG821AE is an ideal solution for delivering cost-effective, high-performance broadband

/multimedia services to Multi-Tenant Units (MTUs) or Multi-Dwelling Units (MDUs) such as hotels, campus, hospitals and telecom.

The MEG821AE provides the important features necessary for robust networks.

Key features and benefits :

Jumbo packet up to 9k byte:

In computer networking, jumbo frames are Ethernet frames with more than 1500 bytes of

payload. Conventionally, jumbo frames can carry up to 9000 bytes of payload, but variations exist and some care must be

taken when using the term.

The original 1500-byte payload size for Ethernet frames was used because of the high error rates and low speed of

communications. Thus, if one receives a corrupted packet, only 1500 bytes (plus 18 bytes for the frame header and other

overhead) must be re-sent to correct the error. However, each frame requires that the network hardware and software

process it. If the frame size is increased, the same amount of data can be transferred with less effort. This reduces CPU

utilization (mostly due to interrupt reduction) and increases throughput by allowing the system to concentrate on the data in

the frames.

IEEE 802.1q Q-in-Q VLAN for performance & security:

The VLAN feature in the switch offers the benefits of both security

and performance. VLAN is used to isolate traffic between different users and thus provides better security. Limiting the

broadcast traffic to within the same VLAN broadcast domain also enhances performance. VLAN support enabling advanced

techniques such as 802.1Q-in-1Q to be deployed.

And support GVRP up to 4k V-Lan groups.

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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IEEE 802.1x: Port base network access control, this function for wireless users connecting Authentication.

Spanning tree: Support IEEE 802.1d STP/IEEE 802.1w RSTP/IEEE-802.1s MSTP. For mission critical environments with

multiple switches supporting STP, you can configure the switches with a redundant backup bridge path, so transmission and

reception of packets can be guaranteed in event of any fail-over switch on the network.

IEEEE 802.1p QoS(COS) with Four Priority Queues:

The QoS(Quality Of Service) feature provides four internal queues to support four different classifications of

traffic. High priority packet streams experience less delay inside the switch, which supports lower latency for

certain delay-sensitive traffic. The MEG821AE can classify the packet as one of the 8-level priority to 4 –level

queue mapping. I.e. Highest, SecHigh, Lowest, SecLow.

Differentiated Services or DiffServ: is a computer networking architecture that specifies a simple, scalable and

coarse-grained mechanism for classifying, managing network traffic and providing Quality of Service (QoS) on

modern IP networks. DiffServ can, for example, be used to provide low-latency to critical network traffic such as

voice or streaming media while providing simple best-effort service to non-critical services such as web traffic or

file transfers.

DiffServ uses the 6-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) field in the IP header for packet

classification purposes. DSCP replaces the outdated Type of Service field.

IGMP Snooping :Snooping by 256 IP multicast table for VOD (Video on demand) and Video conference and Internet games

application.

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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HTTPS (SSL) Web Access: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a combination of the Hypertext Transfer

Protocol with the SSL protocol to provide encrypted communication and secure identification of a network web

server. HTTPS connections are often used for payment transactions on the World Wide Web and for sensitive

transactions in corporate information systems.

SNMP MIB Support: SNMP v1/v2c/v3 management and trap function

Support MIB tables: MIB-II (RFC 1213), Bridge MIBs (RFC 1493), Ethernet-like MIB (RFC 1643 & RFC 2665), private-MIB,

USM-MIB (RFC 2574), VACM-MIB (RFC 2575) and RMON-MIB 1, 2, 3, 9 groups (RFC 1757& RFC 2819).

Broadcast/Multicast/Unknown-unicast Storm Control:To limit too many broadcast/multicast/unknown-unicast flooding

in the network, broadcast/multicast storm control is used to restrict excess traffic. Threshold values are available to control

the rate limit for each port. Packets are discarded if the count exceeds the configured upper threshold.

Port Mirroring: This function could be mirroring and duplicated client side action, but Need to be with mirroring AP as

Session wall or other.

ACL(Access Control List): On some types of proprietary computer hardware, an Access Control List refers to rules that

are applied to port numbers or network daemon names that are available on a host or other layer 3, each with a list of hosts

and/or networks permitted to use the service. Both individual servers as well as routers can have network ACLs. Access

control lists can generally be configured to control both inbound and outbound traffic, and in this context they are similar to

firewalls. Like Firewalls, ACLs are subject to security regulations and standards.

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP):is a vendor-neutral Link Layer protocol in the Internet Protocol Suite used by

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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network devices for advertising their identity, capabilities, and neighbors on a IEEE 802 local area network, principally wired

Ethernet. The protocol is formally referred to by the IEEE as Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery

specified in standards document IEEE 802.1AB.

Speed Rate Control: Supports speed rate control function from 128k to 100Mbps.

Note: Regarding our MEG821AE' principle of bandwidth control, which must rely on flow control to limit

bandwidth over hardware, as long as client side doesn't support flow control, the upstream bandwidth control is

invalid, so for this case, client side must support flow control function.

In band Management: Provides a console port for setup IP or other function

Out Of Band Management: Supports remote control by Telnet and Web-based Management easy-to-use configuration and

ongoing monitoring. This software is embedded in the switch and delivers remote, intuitive management of the switch and

connected NIC devices through a single IP address. The VDSL2 8Ports Switch are easy-to-configured and deployed, and

offering a compelling option in terms of cost, performance, scalability and services compared to traditional repeater HUB

solutions.

2 Dual Media for Flexible Fiber Connection:Dual media port 9 and 10 are provided for flexible fiber/copper auto link

connection. You can select to install optional transceiver modules in these slots for short, medium or long distance fiber

backbone attachment. Use of the SFP will auto disable their corresponding built-in 10/100/1000Base-T connections.

DHCP Client: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for auto configuration management IP.

TFTP Protocol: Trivial File Transfer Protocol(TFTP) for new version firmware remote upgraded

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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Firmware upgrade support : HTTP / TFTP protocol.

Scalability: Up to 100 Mbps symmetric performance over single-pair wiring for VDSL2 Channel

port aggregation.

Interleave delay time: To prevent the transmission against burst errors.

Noise Margins(SNRM): In electrical engineering, noise margin is the amount by which a signal exceeds the minimum

amount for proper operation. MEG821AE default value is 6db for telecom standard.

Upstream Power Back-Off (UPBO): helps to run services over loops with

different

length co-located in the same cable binder (“mixed length” deployments), especially

in FEXT-dominated noise environment.

Strong FEXT generated by short loops can significantly degrade the performance

of long loops if UPBO is not applied. On the other hand, UPBO reduces the transmit

power of short loops and thus degrades their performance as well. The UPBO

technique should take in account both issues.

Downstream Power Back-Off (DPBO):

The development of Triple Play services requires higher bandwidth. Higher

bandwidth and substantial performance gain can be reached by deploying DSLAM-s in a remote side cabinet near to the

customer premises. There is no problem at clean networks where all the customers are connected to the same local cabinet.

Manual of VDSL2 Solution

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Single-Ended Loop Testing (SELT) : The most convenient tests to perform are those that only require connection to one end

of the line, because only one tester is required, and one person is required, and no travelling needs to be done. Some tests

require the line to be correctly terminated and it may be possible to set the installed equipment (eg modem) to do this without

having to go to the end of the line.

Double-Ended Loop Testing (DELT) : Double-ended testing involves dispatching a technician to the customer's location to

install a modem or test equipment that communicates with the reference modem in the CO. If the service doesn't work, a work

order is issued to clean up the pair.

Trellis modulation : The name trellis was coined because a state diagram of the technique, when drawn on paper closely

resembles the trellis lattice used in rose gardens. The scheme is basically a convolutional code of rates (r,r+1). Ungerboeck's

unique contribution is to apply the parity check on a per symbol basis instead of the older technique of applying it to the bit

stream then modulating the bits. The key idea he termed Mapping by Set Partitions. This idea was to group the symbols in a

tree like fashion then separate them into two limbs of equal size. At each limb of the tree, the symbols were further apart.

Although in multi-dimensions, it is hard to visualize, a simple one dimension example illustrates the basic procedure. Suppose

the symbols are located at [1, 2, 3, 4, ...]. Then take all odd symbols and place them in one group, and the even symbols in the

second group. This is not quite accurate because Ungerboeck was looking at the two dimensional problem, but the principle is

the same, take every other one for each group and repeat the procedure for each tree limb. He next described a method of

assigning the encoded bit stream onto the symbols in a very systematic procedure. Once this procedure was fully described,

his next step was to program the algorithms into a computer and let the computer search for the best codes. The results were

astonishing. Even the most simple code (4 state) produced error rates nearly 1,000 times lower than an equivalent uncoded

system. For two years Ungerboeck kept these results private and only conveyed them to close colleagues. Finally, in 1982,

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Ungerboeck published a paper describing the principles of trellis modulation.

A flurry of research activity ensued, and by 1990 the International Telecommunication Union had published modem standards

for the first trellis-modulated modem at 14.4 kbit/s (2,400 baud and 6 bits per symbol). Over the next several years further

advances in encoding, plus a corresponding symbol rate increase from 2,400 to 3,429 baud, allowed modems to achieve rates

up to 34.3 kbit/s (limited by maximum power regulations to 33.8 kbit/s). Today, the most common trellis-modulated V.34

modems use a 4-dimensional set partition which is achieved by treating two 2-dimensional symbols as a single lattice. This set

uses 8, 16, or 32 state convolutional codes to squeeze the equivalent of 6 to 10 bits into each symbol sent by the modem (for

example, 2,400 baud × 8 bits/symbol = 19,200 bit/s).

Once manufacturers introduced modems with trellis modulation, transmission rates increased to the point where interactive

transfer of multimedia over the telephone became feasible (a 200 kilobyte image and a 5 megabyte song could be downloaded

in less than 1 minute and 30 minutes, respectively). Sharing a floppy disk via a BBS could be done in just a few minutes,

instead of an hour. Thus Ungerboeck's

Echo cancellation : The term echo cancellation is used in telephony to describe the process of removing echo from a voice

communication in order to improve voice quality on a telephone call. In addition to improving subjective quality, this process

increases the capacity achieved through silence suppression by preventing echo from traveling across a network.

Two sources of echo have primary relevance in telephony: acoustic echo and hybrid echo.

Echo cancellation involves first recognizing the originally transmitted signal that re-appears, with some delay, in the transmitted

or received signal. Once the echo is recognized, it can be removed by 'subtracting' it from the transmitted or received signal.

This technique is generally implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP), but can also be implemented in software. Echo

cancellation is done using either echo suppressors or echo cancellers, or in some cases both.

INP(Impulse Noise Protection): Impulse noise in multicarrier communication systems behaves effectively as a modulating

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