Swift M7000 SERIES Manuel utilisateur

SWIFT M7000 SERIES

The Swift M7000 Series offers tremendous value and quality. The smaller

footprint accommodates small spaces, yet, it has all the standard

research microscope features. This series is ideal for advanced high

school biology, college or vet/medical applications. Combining rugged

design with high-performance semi-plan objectives (sealed 40x and

100x), this microscope is ideal for multi-user, clinical, and taxing student

environments.

PICTURED M7000C

COMPONENTS OF THE MICROSCOPE

ARM – the vertical column (attached to the base) which supports the

stage and contains the coarse and fine adjusting knobs and focus

mechanism.

BASE – the housing and platform of the instrument to which the arm is

attached. The base stands on rubber feet and contains the illuminator

assembly.

COARSE FOCUS – the larger, outside knob of the focus control which

facilitates rapid and heavy movement of the focusing mechanism. In

order to prevent gear damage, the focus control is equipped with

an upper limit stopper that protects the high magnification objectives

and slides. The system is also furnished with a tension control to prevent

“stage drift”.

COAXIAL CONTROLS – the focusing mechanism moves the stage up and

down to bring the specimen into focus. The coaxial focusing system

combines both the coarse and fine focus into one knob located on both

sides of the microscope. The clutch mechanism is equipped with a safety

slipping feature (which comes in to play at either end of the focus range)

as a protection for the brass rack and steel pinion gears. The control is

designed for a continuous operation over the range of the stage

movement.

CONDENSER – the function of the condenser is to provide full

illumination to the specimen plane and to enhance the resolution and

contrast of the object being viewed. The standard condenser of the

M7000 has a Numerical Aperture of 1.25 with iris diaphragm. It is

mounted in a sub–stage focusing assembly that can be raised or lowered

for precise light control.

DIOPTER ADJUSTMENT – located on the left eyepiece of the binocular

head and is designed to help compensate the difference between the

user’s eyes.

EYEPIECES – the upper optical element that further magnifies the

primary image of the specimen and brings the light rays in focus at the

eyepoint.

FINE FOCUS – the smaller inner knobs of the focus control which allows

for slow and subtle focusing movement to bring the specimen into sharp

focus.

HEAD – the upper portion of the microscope which contains the

refracting prisms and the eyepiece tubes which hold the eyepieces.

Note that the head rotates, allowing operation from the front or back.

ILLUMINATION – the M7000C base uses a 3.4V, .06W LED (Part # MA2215).

The M7000D base uses a 12V, 20W halogen bulb (Part # MA781).

IRIS DIAPHRAGM – a multi-leaf round shaped device which is controlled

by a lever. It is similar to a camera shutter, and is installed under the

condenser. By moving the lever back and forth, the iris diaphragm opens

and closes, increasing and decreasing the contrast of the specimen. If

the image is “washed out” the iris diaphragm is opened too wide. If the

image is too dark the iris is not open wide enough.

NOSEPIECE – the revolving turret that holds the objective lenses,

permitting changes in magnification by rotating different powered

objective lenses into the optical path. The nosepiece must “click” into

place for the objectives to be in proper alignment.

OBJECTIVES – the optical systems which magnify the primary image of

the instrument. Magnifications are usually 4X, 10X, 40X and 100X.

STAGE – the table of the microscope where the slide is placed for viewing.

This component moves upward and downward when the focusing knobs

are turned. The stage of the Swift M7000 has a built-in mechanical stage

with a sub-stage “X” and “Y” axis controls. A finger clip holds the slide

securely and is designed to be a slow return holder to provide protection

to the specimen.

OTHER IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY

“COATED” LENS – in attempting to transmit light through glass, much of

the light is lost through reflection. Coating a lens increases the light

transmission by reducing or eliminating reflection, thus allowing more

light to pass through.

COMPOUND MICROSCOPE – a microscope having a primary magnifier (the

objective) and a second (the eyepiece) to both conduct light, amplify

magnification and convert the image into a field of view easily seen by

the human eye.

COVER GLASS - thin glass cut in circles, rectangles or squares, for

covering the specimen, usually a thickness of 0.15 to 0.I7mm. The

majority of specimens should be protected by a cover glass, and must be

covered when using 40XRD or 100XRD objectives.

DEPTH OF FOCUS - the ability of a lens to furnish a distinct image above

and below the focal plane. Depth of focus decreases with the increase of

numerical aperture or with the increase of magnification.

DIN – (Deutsche Industrial Normen originally Deutsches Institut für

Normung.)A German standard for the manufacturing of microscope

lenses. DIN lenses will be interchangeable from one DIN microscope to

another.

EYE POINT or EYE RELIEF – the distance from the eyepiece lens to your

eye where a full field of view can be seen.

FIELD OF VIEW - the area of the object that is seen when the image is

observed. It may range in diameter from several millimeters to less than

0.1mm.

FOCAL LENGTH - parallel rays of light after refraction through a lens will

be brought to a focus at the focal point. The distance from the optical

center of the lens to the focal point is the focal length.

NUMERICAL APERTURE (NA) – a measure of an objective’s light gathering

capabilities. The concept may be compared to the F-valve in

photographic lenses. Generally speaking, N.A. values of less than 1.00 are

"Dry" objectives. Values of 1.00 or greater require oil as a medium. Please

note that condensers are part of the optical system and are also assigned

an N.A. value. That value must be at least as high as that of the highest

objective used.

PARFOCAL – a term applied to objectives and eyepieces when practically

no change in focus is needed when changing objectives. The objectives

on your Swift M7000 microscope are parfocalized at the factory so that

only a slight adjustment of the fine focus knob is needed to maintain

focus when switching magnification.

RESOLUTION or RESOLVING POWER – the ability of a lens to define the

details of the specimen at a maximum magnification. This is governed by

the NA (Numerical Aperture) of the lens. For example, a 40X objective

with NA 0.65 has a maximum resolving power of 650X, equal to 1000

times the NA. This rule of NA x 1000 is true of all achromatic objectives.

WORKING DISTANCE – the distance from the lens of the objective to the

cover slip on the slide, when the specimen is in focus.

USING YOUR SWIFT M7000 SERIES MICROSCOPE

Once you have learned the terminology and purpose of each component

of the microscope, use of the microscope is simple and enjoyable. By

following these easy steps, you will be able to begin studying the

specimen quickly and easily.

1. Open the specimen holder of the mechanical stage by pressing the

finger clip lever. Carefully place the slide against the stationary

side and back edge of the mechanical stage. Now slowly release the

finger clip lever allowing the specimen holder finger to hold the

slideinplace.

2. Align the specimen under the objective lens by using the adjustment

knobs under the mechanical stage. The bottom knob moves the slide

from right / left while the top knob adjusts the slide from front /

back. These knobs allow for precise movement and scanning of the

slide.

3. After securing the slide into position with the slide holder, turn the

power switch on. Rotate the nosepiece to place the lowest power

objective (4XD) into position over the specimen. Be sure the

objective “clicks” into position. The iris diaphragm should be

adjusted at this time to ¼ inch (5 mm) open.

If you have a Swift M7000 with a monocular head please omit steps 4 - 5.

4. For a binocular head, which has two eyepieces, the next step is to

adjust the interpupillary distance (I.D.) and diopter adjustment ring

of the binocular head. Set the interpupillary distance gauge and the

diopter adjusting ring (on the left eyetube) to “62”. Look through

both eyepieces with both eyes open to see whether you can

comfortably observe the specimen. If it is not comfortable for your

eyes, then carefully and slowly slide the front plate of the binocular

head inwards or outwards until your eyes can see a single bright spot.

Read the I.D. gauge, and then rotate the diopter adjusting ring to set

it at the same number as the I.D. setting. Please note that binocular

heads are aligned at “62” at the factory, as it is the standard I.D. for

most people.

5. For additional optical correction of the binocular head, use the left

eye diopter adjustment to correct the differences between the

user’s eyes. Close your left eye and focus with your right eye only.

Now switch eyes. Using your left eye (close your right eye), adjust

the diopter ring until a clear image is seen. The binocular head is

now set for you to observe the specimen.

6. While viewing through the eyepiece, rotate the coarse focus knob

slowly and carefully to raise the stage and bring the specimen into

focus. The specimen may require some centering to the field of view

at this time. Now by using the fine focusing knob, slowly and

carefully refine the focus to clearly observe the fine details of the

specimen. Now you can turn the nosepiece to the higher

magnification objectives. The objectives are parfocalized so that

once the 4x objective is focused, only a slight turn of the fine focus

is required in changing to higher power objectives.

7. Please note that smaller apertures of the iris diaphragm increase

contrast in the image while large apertures decrease the contrast.

(The iris diaphragm is not intended for controlling the brightness of

the illumination). A good procedure to follow in selecting the proper

opening is to start with the largest and reduce it until the fine detail

of the specimen is in exact focus. Using an inappropriate aperture

results in a “washing out” of the image. Care must be exercised not

to reduce the aperture too much to gain high contrast, as then the

fine structure in the image of the specimen will be destroyed.

Reducing the aperture does increase contrast and depth of focus, but

it also reduces resolution and causes diffraction. The aperture for

the 10X objective will not be the same as for the 40XRD objective,

since the angle of the required light is determined by the numerical

aperture (N.A.) of the objective, the proper aperture of the iris

diaphragm must be selected. This can be easily achieved after

minimal experience with the microscope.

8. When a dual view head is being used, please note that one side has a

“straight” eyetube and the other has a “diopter adjustable” eyetube

on the other. Focus the specimen using the straight eyetube first,

then focus the other eyetube by adjusting the diopter ring to obtain

the clearest image.

OIL IMMERSION

It is desirable to use immersion oil with the 100XRD objective. Using oil

slightly increases the resolution and brightness of the image being

viewed through the microscope. Drop a tiny amount of oil onto the slide

prior to focusing with the 100XRD objective (between the slide and the

objective tip). It is essential to thoroughly clean the objective tip after

use. Please contact Swift Optical or your authorized Swift dealer for the

appropriate immersion oil to use.

IMPORTANT: The focal distance of the 40XRD and 100XRD objectives

to the slide surface is very close and although the 40XRD objective on

the M7000 Series is sealed to prevent immersion oil contamination, it

is a good practice to avoid dragging the 40XRD objective through an

oiled slide.

PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

OCULAR HEAD REPLACEMENTS

MA11002 Monocular

MA11003 Binocular

MA11004 Trinocular

MA11013 Dual-view

EYEPIECE REPLACEMENTS

MA10512 W10XD, 18mm Eyepiece (single)

MA10513 W10XD, 18mm Eyepiece with pointer (single)

OBJECTIVE REPLACEMENTS

MA10081 4XD Semi-Plan

MA10082 10XD Semi-Plan

MA10083 40XRD Semi-Plan

MA10084 100XRD Semi-Plan

MISC. ACCESSORIES

MA336 Dustcover

MA516A Diffusing filter (M7000D)

MA781 Halogen light bulb 12V, 20W (M7000D)

MA2215 LED 3.4V, .06W (M7000C)

MA14281 Power adapter (M7000C)

MA14283 Cord Holders (M7000D)

COMMON PROBLEMS IN MICROSCOPY

If you have a problem, you may be able to correct it yourself. Here are a

few common problems and easy solutions you may want to try before

calling for service.

WARNING – When working on the electrical systems, checking exposed

wires or replacing components, make sure to unplug the electrical

cord.

CAUTION – Never disassemble mechanical or optical components. This

servicing should only be done by an authorized Swift technician. The

Limited Lifetime Warranty will be null and void if the mechanical or

optical components are disassembled by a non-Swift dealer.

A. PROBLEM: No Illumination

CORRECTION:

1. Is the power plug connected to an active A.C. outlet?

2. Is the battery pack charged? (M7000C)

3. Is the on/off power switch working properly?

4. Check the bulb. Try a new bulb if you have one.

5. Check the contact points of the bulb and socket

B. PROBLEM: Illumination “hot spots” and uneven brightness in the

field of view.

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