Octagon 2060 PC/104 Manuel utilisateur

2060 PC/104 CPU Card

Reference manual

Manual part #6413, rev. F07

CONTACT INFORMATION

Front Desk: 303–430–1500

Technical Support: 303–426–4521

FastHelp@octagonsystems.com

www.octagonsystems.com

OS Embedder™ is a trademark, and Octagon Systems Corporation®, and the

Octagon logo are registered trademarks of Octagon Systems Corporation. ROM–

DOS™ is a trademark of Datalight. QNX® is a registered trademark of QNX

Software Systems Ltd. Windows XP® and Windows CE.net® are registered

trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. HyperTerminal ™ is a copyright of

Hilgraeve, Inc. CompactFlash™ is a trademark of San Disk Corporation.

Ethernet® is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation.

Disclaimer

reserved. However, any part of this document may be reproduced, provided that

Octagon Systems Corporation is cited as the source. The contents of this manual

and the specifications herein may change without notice.

The information contained in this manual is believed to be correct. However,

Octagon assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits described herein, conveys

no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representations that the

circuits are free from patent infringement. Octagon makes no representation or

warranty that such applications will be suitable for the use specified without

further testing or modification.

Octagon Systems Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its

products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of a

component may directly threaten life or injury. It is a Condition of Sale that the

user of Octagon products in life support applications assumes all the risk of such

use and indemnifies Octagon against all damage.

Technical Support

Carefully recheck your system before calling Technical Support. Run as many tests

as possible; the more information you can provide, the easier it will be for Technical

Support staff to help you solve the problem. For additional technical assistance,

try the following:

Technical Support telephone: 303–426–4521

E-mail Technical Support: [email protected]

Applications Notes (via web):

http://www.octagonsystems.com/Solutions/appnotes.html

FAQ (via web): http://www.octagonsystems.com/pages/faqs.html

Revision History

Revision Reason for Change Date

A Production Release 02 / 04

B Updated thermal information 07 / 04

C Clarified floppy drive 12 / 04

D Clarified ATX power requirements 11 / 05

E Removed reference to CD 08 / 06

F Specified that CGA monitors are not

supported.

11/07

IMPORTANT!

Please read the following section before installing your product:

Octagon’s products are designed to be high in performance while consuming very

little power. In order to maintain this advantage, CMOS circuitry is used.

CMOS chips have specific needs and some special requirements that the user must

be aware of. Read the following to help avoid damage to your card from the use of

CMOS chips.

Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control

Industrial computers originally used LSTTL circuits. Because many PC

components are used in laptop computers, IC manufacturers are exclusively using

CMOS technology. Both TTL and CMOS have failure mechanisms, but they are

different. Described below are some of the failures that are common to all

manufacturers of CMOS equipment.

The most common failures on CPU control cards are over voltage of the power

supply, static discharge, and damage to the serial and parallel ports. On expansion

cards, the most common failures are static discharge, over voltage of inputs, over

current of outputs, and misuse of the CMOS circuitry with regards to power supply

sequencing. In the case of the video cards, the most common failure is to miswire

the card to the flat panel display. Miswiring can damage both the card and an

expensive display.

Multiple component failures: The chance of a random component failure is

very rare since the average MTBF of an Octagon card is greater than 11 years.

In a 7 year study, Octagon has never found a single case where multiple IC

failures were not caused by misuse or accident. It is very probable that multiple

component failures indicate that they were user–induced.

Testing “dead” cards: For a card that is “completely nonfunctional”, there is

a simple test to determine accidental over voltage, reverse voltage or other

“forced” current situations. Unplug the card from the bus and remove all

cables. Using an ordinary digital ohmmeter on the 2,000 ohm scale, measure

the resistance between power and ground. Record this number. Reverse the

ohmmeter leads and measure the resistance again. If the ratio of the

resistances is 2:1 or greater, fault conditions most likely have occurred. A

common cause is miswiring the power supply.

Improper power causes catastrophic failure: If a card has had reverse

polarity or high voltage applied, replacing a failed component is not an

adequate fix. Other components probably have been partially damaged or a

failure mechanism has been induced. Therefore, a failure will probably occur in

the future. For such cards, Octagon highly recommends that these cards be

replaced.

Other over-voltage symptoms: In over-voltage situations, the

programmable logic devices, EPROMs and CPU chips, usually fail in this order.

The failed device may be hot to the touch. It is usually the case that only one IC

will be overheated at a time.

Power sequencing: The major failure of I/O chips is caused by the external

application of input voltage while the Micro PC power is off. If you apply 5V to

the input of a TTL chip with the power off, nothing will happen. Applying a 5V

input to a CMOS card will cause the current to flow through the input and out

the 5V power pin. This current attempts to power up the card. Most inputs are

rated at 25 mA maximum. When this is exceeded, the chip may be damaged.

Failure on powerup: Even when there is not enough current to destroy an

input described above, the chip may be destroyed when the power to the card is

applied. This is due to the fact that the input current biases the IC so that it

acts as a forward biased diode on power–up. This type of failure is typical on

serial interface chips but can apply to any IC on the card.

Under-rated power supply: The board may fail to boot due to an under-

rated power supply. It is important that a quality power supply be used with

the 2060 CPU Card that has sufficient current capacity, line and load

regulation, hold up time, current limiting, and minimum ripple. The power

supply for the 2060 must meet the startup risetime requirements specified in

the ATX Power Design Guide, version 1.1, section 3.3.5. This assures that all

the circuitry on the CPU control card sequences properly and avoids system

lockup.

Excessive signal lead lengths: Another source of failure that was identified

years ago at Octagon was excessive lead lengths on digital inputs. Long leads

act as an antenna to pick up noise. They can also act as unterminated

transmission lines. When 5V is switch onto a line, it creates a transient

waveform. Octagon has seen sub-microsecond pulses of 8V or more. The

solution is to place a capacitor, for example 0.1 µF, across the switch contact.

This will also eliminate radio frequency and other high frequency pickup.

Avoiding damage to the heatsink or CPU

WARNING!

When handling any Octagon Single Board Computer, extreme care

must be taken not to strike the heatsink (if installed) against another

object, such as a table edge. Also, be careful not to drop the Single

Board Computer, since this may cause damage to the heatsink or

CPU as well.

Note Any physical damage to the single board computer card is not covered under

warranty.

Excessive Thermal Stress

This card is guaranteed to operate over the published temperature ranges and

relevant conditions. However, sustained operation near the maximum temperature

specification is not recommended by Octagon or the CPU chip manufacturer due to

well known, thermal related, failure mechanisms. These failure mechanisms,

common to all silicon devices, can reduce the MTBF of the cards. Extended

operation at the lower limits of the temperature ranges has no limitations.

Table of Contents

Technical Support ............................................................................................................................................. 2

Revision History ................................................................................................................................................ 2

Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control ........................................................................................................ 3

Avoiding damage to the heatsink or CPU............................................................................................................ 4

Excessive Thermal Stress ................................................................................................................................. 5

Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................. 6

List of Figures...................................................................................................................................................... 10

List of Tables........................................................................................................................................................ 11

Overview: Section 1 – Installation ................................................................................................................. 12

Chapter 1: Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 13

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 13

2060 CPU Card major hardware features ......................................................................................................... 13

CPU processor ................................................................................................................................................. 13

SDRAM ............................................................................................................................................................ 13

On-board flash ................................................................................................................................................. 13

CompactFlash socket ...................................................................................................................................... 13

Hard disk and floppy disk ports ..................................................................................................................... 14

USB ports ........................................................................................................................................................ 14

Digital I/O ........................................................................................................................................................ 14

Serial ports protected against ESD ................................................................................................................ 14

Multifunctional printer port ........................................................................................................................... 15

Multipurpose connectors and cables............................................................................................................... 15

Hardware reset................................................................................................................................................ 15

Video ................................................................................................................................................................ 16

Speaker, keyboard, and mouse ports.............................................................................................................. 16

Real time calendar/clock with battery–backup.............................................................................................. 16

Setup information stored in EEPROM for high reliability ........................................................................... 16

Watchdog timer added for safety.................................................................................................................... 16

PC/104 interface .............................................................................................................................................. 16

5 Volt only operation lowers system cost ....................................................................................................... 17

Rugged environmental operation ................................................................................................................... 17

Size................................................................................................................................................................... 17

2060 CPU Card major software features ........................................................................................................... 18

Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically ........................................................................ 18

Phoenix software BIOS ................................................................................................................................... 18

Octagon BIOS extensions................................................................................................................................ 18

Boot sequence .................................................................................................................................................. 18

Chapter 2: Quick start ...................................................................................................................................... 19

Component diagrams, connectors and cables .................................................................................................... 19

2060 CPU Card connectors and jumpers ....................................................................................................... 23

2060 CPU Card high-density and custom cables........................................................................................... 24

Custom cables.................................................................................................................................................. 27

Custom cables.................................................................................................................................................. 28

Installing the 2060 CPU Card............................................................................................................................ 28

Equipment required ........................................................................................................................................ 28

Hardware mounting ........................................................................................................................................ 29

2060 CPU Card power supply requirements.................................................................................................. 30

Connecting a monitor and keyboard .................................................................................................................. 31

Monitor ............................................................................................................................................................ 31

Keyboard and mouse ....................................................................................................................................... 31

Speaker ............................................................................................................................................................ 31

Installing an operating system........................................................................................................................... 32

OS on floppy onto a hard drive or CompactFlash.............................................................................................. 32

OS on CD-ROM onto a hard drive or CompactFlash ........................................................................................ 33

Chapter 3: Setup programs.............................................................................................................................. 36

Operating systems other than DOS................................................................................................................... 36

Setup.................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Main menu....................................................................................................................................................... 37

Hard drive submenus...................................................................................................................................... 38

Advanced menu ............................................................................................................................................... 39

Advanced Chipset Control submenu .............................................................................................................. 40

I/O Device Configuration submenu ................................................................................................................ 41

PCI Configuration submenu ........................................................................................................................... 42

PCI/PNP ISA UMB Region Exclusion submenu............................................................................................ 42

PCI/PNP ISA IRQ Resource Exclusion submenu .......................................................................................... 43

PCI/PNP ISA DMA Resource Exclusion submenu ........................................................................................ 43

Boot menu........................................................................................................................................................ 44

Expanded Boot screen ..................................................................................................................................... 44

Exit menu ........................................................................................................................................................ 45

Chapter 4: Save and run programs ................................................................................................................ 46

Save and run your programs on the 2060 CPU Card........................................................................................ 46

Saving programs and support files .................................................................................................................... 46

Adding your application .................................................................................................................................. 46

Overriding the autoexecution of your application ......................................................................................... 47

Overview: Section 2 – Hardware .................................................................................................................... 48

Chapter 5: Serial ports...................................................................................................................................... 49

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 49

Mating receptacle ............................................................................................................................................ 49

Serial port configurations................................................................................................................................... 49

Setup menu for COM ports............................................................................................................................. 52

Function and use of serial ports......................................................................................................................... 52

Mating receptacle ............................................................................................................................................ 52

COM1 as serial console device........................................................................................................................ 53

COM ports as RS–232 I/O............................................................................................................................... 53

COM2 as RS–422 and RS–485 networks ....................................................................................................... 53

RS–422............................................................................................................................................................. 53

RS–485............................................................................................................................................................. 54

Chapter 6: LPT1 parallel port ......................................................................................................................... 56

LPT1 parallel port............................................................................................................................................... 56

Mating receptacle ............................................................................................................................................ 56

Printer ................................................................................................................................................................. 57

Installing a printer.......................................................................................................................................... 57

Floppy disk drive on LPT1 ................................................................................................................................. 58

Chapter 7: Console devices .............................................................................................................................. 59

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 59

Selecting console devices .................................................................................................................................... 59

Monitor and keyboard console ........................................................................................................................ 59

Serial console................................................................................................................................................... 60

Chapter 8: CompactFlash, SDRAM, and battery backup........................................................................... 63

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 63

CompactFlash ..................................................................................................................................................... 63

Creating a bootable CompactFlash ................................................................................................................ 63

SDRAM................................................................................................................................................................ 64

Battery backup for real time calendar clock...................................................................................................... 64

Installing an AT battery ................................................................................................................................. 64

Chapter 9: External drives............................................................................................................................... 65

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 65

Floppy disk controller ......................................................................................................................................... 67

Power requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 67

Installing a floppy disk drive .......................................................................................................................... 67

Hard disk controller............................................................................................................................................ 67

Master/slave designation for IDE devices ...................................................................................................... 68

Installing a hard drive .................................................................................................................................... 68

Chapter 10: Bit-programmable digital I/O.................................................................................................... 69

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 69

Interfacing to switches and other devices ...................................................................................................... 70

Organization of banks ..................................................................................................................................... 71

Port addressing................................................................................................................................................ 71

I/O lines pulled low.......................................................................................................................................... 72

Configuring and programming the I/O ports..................................................................................................... 72

Programming the I/O ...................................................................................................................................... 72

Configuring the I/O ......................................................................................................................................... 72

Writing and reading from I/O ......................................................................................................................... 73

I/O output program examples......................................................................................................................... 73

I/O input program examples ........................................................................................................................... 74

Enhanced INT 17h function definitions............................................................................................................. 74

Initialize I/O .................................................................................................................................................... 74

Write I/O .......................................................................................................................................................... 75

Read I/O ........................................................................................................................................................... 76

Chapter 11: CRTs and flat panels................................................................................................................... 77

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 77

Video features ..................................................................................................................................................... 77

Connecting a monitor.......................................................................................................................................... 77

Connecting a flat panel display.......................................................................................................................... 79

Flat panels requiring bias voltage.................................................................................................................. 79

Connecting the flat panel to the 2060 CPU Card .......................................................................................... 79

Programming the video BIOS ............................................................................................................................ 81

Additional notes on video BIOS...................................................................................................................... 81

Chapter 12: PC/104 expansion......................................................................................................................... 82

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 82

Chapter 13: USB ................................................................................................................................................. 83

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 83

Overview: Section 3 – System management................................................................................................. 84

Chapter 14: Watchdog timer and hardware reset ...................................................................................... 85

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 85

Timeout period (ranges) .................................................................................................................................. 85

Booting, power down, and strobing the watchdog timer ............................................................................... 85

Watchdog function definitions using enhanced INT 17h handler ....................................................................86

Enable watchdog ............................................................................................................................................. 86

Strobe watchdog .............................................................................................................................................. 87

Disable watchdog............................................................................................................................................. 87

Hardware reset ................................................................................................................................................... 88

Chapter 15: Serial EEPROM............................................................................................................................ 89

Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 89

Enhanced INT 17h function definitions............................................................................................................. 89

Serial EEPROM .................................................................................................................................................. 89

Read a single word from the serial EEPROM................................................................................................ 89

Write a single word to the serial EEPROM ................................................................................................... 90

Read multiple words from the serial EEPROM............................................................................................. 90

Write multiple words to the serial EEPROM ................................................................................................ 91

Return serial EEPROM size ........................................................................................................................... 92

Chapter 16: CPU clock, system jumpers, user jumper, and BIOS recovery ......................................... 93

CPU clock ............................................................................................................................................................ 93

System jumpers................................................................................................................................................... 93

System jumper................................................................................................................................................. 94

Extended BIOS jumper ................................................................................................................................... 94

Video jumper.................................................................................................................................................... 94

User jumper..................................................................................................................................................... 94

BIOS recovery jumper..................................................................................................................................... 95

BIOS programming using PHLASH.EXE...................................................................................................... 95

INT17 calls to read user jumper ........................................................................................................................ 96

Chapter 17: Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................... 97

Boot Block Recovery............................................................................................................................................ 97

Memory conflicts using operating system other than DOS .............................................................................. 97

No system LED activity...................................................................................................................................... 97

No CRT or flat panel video ................................................................................................................................. 97

Video is present but is distorted......................................................................................................................... 98

No serial console activity .................................................................................................................................... 99

Garbled serial console screen activity................................................................................................................ 99

System generates a BIOS message but locks up when booting........................................................................ 99

System will not boot from CompactFlash .......................................................................................................... 99

System locks up on power-up; may or may not respond to reset switch ........................................................ 100

System locks up after power-down/power-up .................................................................................................. 100

LED signaling of “beep” codes .......................................................................................................................... 100

Technical assistance ......................................................................................................................................... 104

Overview: Section 4 – Appendices................................................................................................................ 105

Appendix A: 2060 CPU Card technical data............................................................................................... 106

Technical specifications .................................................................................................................................... 106

CPU................................................................................................................................................................ 106

Bus clock ........................................................................................................................................................ 106

BIOS............................................................................................................................................................... 106

SDRAM .......................................................................................................................................................... 106

On-board flash ............................................................................................................................................... 106

Floppy drive................................................................................................................................................... 106

Hard drive...................................................................................................................................................... 106

CompactFlash socket .................................................................................................................................... 106

USB................................................................................................................................................................ 106

Serial I/O........................................................................................................................................................ 106

Parallel port................................................................................................................................................... 106

Digital I/O ...................................................................................................................................................... 106

Speaker, Keyboard, and Mouse ports........................................................................................................... 106

Video .............................................................................................................................................................. 107

Watchdog timer ............................................................................................................................................. 107

Real time clock............................................................................................................................................... 107

Expansion ...................................................................................................................................................... 107

Operating systems......................................................................................................................................... 107

Bus mastering ............................................................................................................................................... 107

Power requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 107

Environmental specifications ....................................................................................................................... 107

Size................................................................................................................................................................. 107

Weight............................................................................................................................................................ 107

Mating connectors............................................................................................................................................. 108

Maps .................................................................................................................................................................. 109

Jumper settings ................................................................................................................................................ 111

Connector pin–outs ........................................................................................................................................... 112

Appendix B: Software utilities...................................................................................................................... 117

Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 117

Support commands........................................................................................................................................ 117

GETVIDEO.EXE............................................................................................................................................... 118

I17HNDLR.EXE................................................................................................................................................ 118

PGMVIDEO.EXE.............................................................................................................................................. 118

PHLASH.EXE ................................................................................................................................................... 119

RESET.COM ..................................................................................................................................................... 120

Appendix C: Accessories.................................................................................................................................. 121

Warranty ............................................................................................................................................................. 122

Limitations on warranty................................................................................................................................... 122

Service policy..................................................................................................................................................... 122

Returning a product for repair ......................................................................................................................... 122

Returns.............................................................................................................................................................. 123

Governing law ................................................................................................................................................... 123

List of Figures

Figure 2–1 2060 CPU Card component diagram (top) ......................................................................20

Figure 2–2 2060 CPU Card component diagram (bottom)................................................................21

Figure 2–3 2060 CPU Card dimensions.............................................................................................22

Figure 2–4 HDC-18-HDD/FP cable....................................................................................................25

Figure 2–5 2060 CPU Card HDC-18-SBC-Multiport cable ..............................................................27

Figure 2–6 Power connector, J3 .........................................................................................................30

Figure 2–7 Connecting a monitor and keyboard ...............................................................................31

Figure 2–8 Installing an operating system........................................................................................35

Figure 5–1 COM ports ........................................................................................................................50

Figure 5–2 W2 jumper pin locations ..................................................................................................52

Figure 5–3 Typical RS–422 four-wire interface circuit.....................................................................54

Figure 5–4 Typical RS–485 4–wire interface circuit.........................................................................54

Figure 5–5 Typical RS–485 2–wire half duplex interface circuit .....................................................55

Figure 6–1 LPT1 as a printer port .....................................................................................................57

Figure 7–1 Monitor and keyboard as console ....................................................................................60

Figure 7–2 The 2060 CPU Card and a serial console........................................................................62

Figure 9–1 2060 CPU Card with floppy/IDE device..........................................................................66

Figure 10–1 Typical digital I/O configuration .....................................................................................70

Figure 10–2 Organization of banks......................................................................................................71

Figure 11–1 The 2060 CPU Card and a VGA monitor........................................................................78

Figure 11–2 The 2060 CPU Card and a flat panel display .................................................................80

Figure 12–1 Typical PC/104 module stack ..........................................................................................82

Figure 16−1 W3 jumper pin locations .................................................................................................93

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