Motic BA410E Series Manuel utilisateur
Note
BA410ESeries
Biological Microscope
Instruction Manual
WWW.MOTIC.COM
MOTIC INCORPORATION LTD.
If the equipment is used in a manner
not specified by the manufacturer,
the protection provided by the
equipment may be impaired.
1
We are constantly endeavouring to improve our instruments and to adapt them to the requirements of
modern research techniques and testing methods. This involves modification to the mechanical
structure and optical design of our instruments.
Therefore, all descriptions and illustrations in this instruction manual, including all specifications are
subject to change without notice.
2
Infinity corrected optics
In this optical concept the light beams are parallel after leaving the objective in the direction of the
eyepieces. A second optical element, the tube lens (normally located in the eyepiece tube) is used to
converge the parallel beams, resulting in an intermediate image. The intermediate image is focussed by
the eyepieces, to provide the real image for visual observation.
The implementation of a tube lens gives the opportunity to minimize chromatic aberrations and other
“optical defects”. Further, in “Infinity Optics” the distance between the objective and tube lens is not as
strictly fixed as in the (historically older) “Finite Optics” of 160mm tube length.
This allows additional optical components to be inserted between the objective and tube head.
Fluorescence attachments, discussion bridges, eye level risers and other options can be added without
affecting the image quality.
In general “Infinity Optics” provides flexibility and the opportunity to add additional optional features.
3
Microscope terminology
Abbe Condenser
A two-lens sub-stage condenser located below
the stage of a microscope and functions to collect
light and direct it onto the object being examined.
Its high numerical aperture makes it particularly
suited for use with most medium- and high-
magnification objectives.
Aperture, Numerical (N.A.)
The numerical aperture is an important factor
determining the efficiency of the condenser and
objective. It is represented by the formula: (N.A. =
ηsinα), where ηis the refractive index of a
medium (air, water, immersion oil etc.) between
the objective and the specimen or condenser, and
αis half of the maximum angle at which light
enters or leaves the lens from or to a focused
object point on the optical axis.
Cover Glass Thickness
Transmitted light objectives are designed to
image specimens that are covered by a thin cover
glass (cover slip). The thickness of this small
glass piece is now standardized at 0.17 mm for
most applications.
Diaphragm, Condenser
A diaphragm, which controls the effective size of
the condenser aperture. A synonym for the
condenser illuminating aperture diaphragm.
Magnification
The number of times by which the size of the
image exceeds the original object. Lateral
magnification is usually meant. It is the ratio of the
distance between two points in the image to the
distance between the two corresponding points in
the object.
Micrometer: um
A metric unit of length measurement
= 1x10-6 meters or 0.000001 meters
Nanometer (nm)
A unit of length in the metric system equal to 10-9
meters.
Phase–contrast (microscopy)
A form of microscopy, which converts differences
in object thickness and refractive index into
differences in image amplitude and intensity.
Real Viewfield
The diameter in millimetres of the object field.
Eyepiece Field of View
Real Viewfield =
Objective Magnification
4
Diopter adjustment
The adjustment of the eyepiece of an instrument
to provide accommodation for the eyesight
differences of individual observers.
Depth of Focus
The axial depth of the space on both sides of the
image plane within which the image is sharp. The
larger the N.A. of objective, the shallower the
depth of focus.
Field of View (F.O.V.)
That part of the image field, which is imaged on
the observer’s retina, and hence can be viewed
at any one time. The field of view number is now
one of the standard markings of the eyepiece.
Filter
Filters are optical elements that selectively
transmit light. It may absorb part of the spectrum,
or reduce overhaul intensity or transmit only
specific wavelengths.
Immersion Oil
Any liquid occupying the space between the
object and microscope objective. Such a liquid is
usually required by objectives of 3-mm focal
length or less.
Resolving Power
A measure of an optical system's ability to
produce an image which separates two points or
parallel lines on the object.
Resolution
The result of displaying fine details in an image
Total Magnification
The total magnification of a microscope is the
individual magnifying power of the objective
multiplied by that of the eyepiece.
Working Distance
This is the distance between the objective front
lens and the top of the cover glass when the
specimen is in focus. In most instances, the
working distance of an objective decreases as
magnification increases.
X–axis
The axis that is usually horizontal in a two-
dimensional coordinate system. In microscopy X-
axis of the specimen stages is considered that
which runs left to right.
Y–axis
The axis that is usually vertical in a two-
dimensional coordinate system. In microscopy Y-
axis of the specimen stages is considered that
which runs front to back.
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Table of contents
Section Page
1. Nomenclature 7
1.1 Application 7
1.2 Nomenclature 8
2. Setting up the instrument 10
2.1 Operating environment 10
3. Assembling the microscope 11
3.1 Verifying Input voltage 11
3.2 Illumination 11
3.3 Rackless stage 12
3.4 Specimen holder 12
3.5 Objectives 12
3.6 Condenser 13
3.7 Eyepiece tube 13
3.8 Eyepieces 14
3.9 Filters 14
3.10 Power cord 15
4. Usage of microscope components 16
4.1 Coarse and fine focusing 16
4.2 Coarse focus torque adjustment 16
4.3 Coarse Focus Quick Stop 17
4.4 Stage Upper Limit Stop adjustment 17
4.5 Using Thicker Samples 18
4.6 Beam Splitter Lever 18
4.7 Interpupillary distance adjustment 19
4.8 Diopter adjustment 19
4.9 Centering the condenser 20
4.10 Use of aperture diaphragm 21
4.11 Use of field diaphragm 21
4.12 Brightness and contrast adjustment 22
6
4.13.IR function 22
4.14 Auto light intensity reproduction 22
4.15 Filters cassette 23
5. Photomicrographic procedure 24
6. Using oil immersion objective 25
7. Troubleshooting table 26
8. Care and maintenance 28
8.1. Do not disassemble 28
8.2 Cleaning the Microscope 28
8.3 Disinfecting the Microscope 28
8.4 When not in use 28
8.5 Bulb Replacement 29
9. Warning labels 32
7
1. Nomenclature
1.1 Application
Designed for multiple disciplines from University through clinical, laboratory, and research applications,
the BA410E offers true professional quality with a full complement of accessories, making it a valued
addition for any biological application.
1.2 Nomenclature
BA410E-50W Halogen (Binocular)
8
BA410E-50W Halogen (Binocular)
9
BA410E-50W Halogen (Binocular)
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