Chipcon SmartRF CC2420DBK Manuel utilisateur

User Manual

Rev. 1.3

SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit

Chipcon AS, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tel: +47 22 95 85 45, fax: +47 22 95 85 46.

E-mail: [email protected]

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 2/ 52

Table of contents

INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................3

PCB.......................................................................................................................................4

NTENNA

................................................................................................................................5

OWER SUPPLY SECTION

.........................................................................................................7

RS-232

INTERFACE

.................................................................................................................8

ICROCONTROLLER AND USER INTERFACE

...............................................................................8

XTERNAL

RAM......................................................................................................................8

LASH

EMORY

EQUIREMENTS

.............................................................................................8

CC2420DB L

OWER

ODE SUPPORT

...............................................................................8

UMPER SETTINGS FOR DEMONSTRATION BOARD CONTROL

........................................................9

CC2420DB C

URRENT

EASUREMENT AND

ONSUMPTION

....................................................11

PCB

LAYOUT

........................................................................................................................16

ILL OF

ATERIALS

...............................................................................................................25

USING THE CC2420DB DEMONSTRATION BOARD .........................................................30

CC2420 S

OFTWARE

OWNLOAD AND

VALUATION

SING

AVR S

TUDIO

4..............................30

REPROGRAMMED

64-

BIT

IEEE A

DDRESS

.............................................................................30

REPROGRAMMED

USES

......................................................................................................31

REPROGRAMMED

OCK

ITS

................................................................................................33

JTAG ICE

II ..............................................................................................33

AVING THE

IEEE A

DDRESS OF THE

CC2420DB ...................................................................34

ESTORING THE

IEEE A

DDRESS OF THE

CC2420DB.............................................................36

A N

EBUGGING

ROJECT

ITH

CC2420DB....................................................................38

OOTLOADER

........................................................................................................................43

NTRODUCTION TO

XAMPLES

ROVIDED WITH

CC2420DB ....................................................45

LIBRARIES AND EXAMPLES...............................................................................................45

ARDWARE

EFINITION

ILES

................................................................................................45

ARDWARE

BSTRACTION

IBRARY

(HAL) .............................................................................45

ASIC

RF L

IBRARY

................................................................................................................46

OFTWARE

XAMPLE

ROGRAMMED ON

CC2420DB .............................................................46

ATA PACKET DESCRIPTION

...................................................................................................47

ATA TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL

............................................................................................48

TROUBLESHOOTING ...........................................................................................................49

T DOES NOT WORK

................................................................................................................49

CANNOT PROGRAM THE

AVR

USING THE SERIAL PORT

...........................................................49

OOT RESET VECTOR ENABLE

................................................................................................49

OOTLOADER

........................................................................................................................49

REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................50

ADDRESS INFORMATION....................................................................................................51

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 3/ 52

Introduction

The CC2420 is a single-chip IEEE 802.15.4 compliant and ZigBee™ ready RF transceiver. It

provides a highly integrated, flexible low-cost solution for applications using the world wide

unlicensed 2.4 GHz frequency band. The CC2420DBK demonstration board kit is a

complement to the development kit (DK) as the hardware is representative of an actual

application, and it is well suited as a prototyping platform for application code.

The CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit includes two CC2420DB Demonstration Boards.

These boards contain a CC2420 with necessary support components, an Atmel Atmega128L

AVR microcontroller, 32 kBytes external RAM, a PCB antenna, as well as a joystick, buttons

and LED's that can be used to implement a visual user application interface. The

demonstration board is also furnished with connectors where all of the internal signals on the

PCB are available.

This User Manual describes how to use the CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit. Atmel’s

AVR Studio and associated software is used to program and debug software. Please see the

reference section of this document for links to Atmel’s documentation on how to use their

tools.

Your CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit should contain the following items:

Kit contents

Item Number of articles

Demonstration Board (CC2420DB) 2

Quick Start instructions 1

CC2420DB Important Notice (From revision 1.5 and newer) 1

CC2420 sample kit 1

RS-232 cable 2

Important:

Contact your local telecommunication authorities before transmitting an RF signal to ensure

that there are no local restrictions on the use of the 2.400 –2483.5 ISM band. The CC2420

operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Although this frequency band is usually described

as “world-wide”, some countries do not allow unlicensed operation in this band.

PCB

PCB depicts an overview of the CC2420DB with description of the various components

embedded on the PCB.

3.3V voltage

regulator

Optional 9V

or 4x 1.5 AA

battery

AVR ISP

connector

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 4/ 52

Figure 1: CC2420DB overview

RF Section

The CC2420DB RF section includes all the necessary components for correct operation. The

CC2420 is connected to a 16 MHz crystal. A small 2.4 GHz PCB antenna is also included. RF

test and measurement equipment can be connected to the SMA on the PCB, by swapping

Temp. sensor

External RAM

1 x 32 kB

JTAG

connecto

MCU

section

CC2420 RF

section

PCB

antenna

RS-232

port

POT Joystick

4-10 V

DC-jack

LED’sButtons

capacitor placement of C63 and C62. See schematics for details. The RF layout is identical to

the CC2420EM, which is part of the CC2420DK Development Kit.

Antenna

The PCB antenna is a so-called Inverted-F type. The Inverted-F antenna is a wire monopole

where the top section is folded down to be parallel with the ground plane. By folding the

antenna down you will reduce the height and maintain a resonant wire length. A capacitance

will be introduced to the input impedance of the antenna due to the parallel section. However,

as a rule of thumb design guide, the length + height (L+H) will be approximately equal to a

quarter wavelength (λ/4). A reduction of the antenna height (H) will in general decrease the

antenna bandwidth. Please see Figure 2 for the antenna dimensions.

Figure 2: Antenna dimensions

The height of the antenna is defined as the distance from the ground plane to the parallel

section, and the length is from the end of the antenna parallel section to the feed point.

Length: L = (26.19 mm – 9.19 mm + 1.22 mm x ½) = 17.61 mm

Height: H = (6.17 mm + 0.97 mm - 1.19 mm x ½) = 6.55 mm

Quarter wavelength: λ/4 = (L + H) = 17.61 mm + 6.55 mm = 24.16 mm

The physical size of the antenna is decreased somewhat compared to the theoretical length,

(λ= c/4*f = 3x108/ 4x2.45x109) = 30.61 mm

The radiated pattern for the PCB antenna was measured with the horizontal polarization

direction for the CC2420DB by measuring with vertical and horizontal mounting of the

demonstration board.

Important:

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 5/ 52

In practical range testing outdoors with line-of-sight (LOS) and use of the wireless dimmer

application example, the following range has been verified at Chipcon Norway with optimal

SmartRF Studio settings for the respective data rates:

1. Data rate settings 250 kbps, range measured: 170 meters

Please note that these range tests were performed with a simple packet protocol, no link

margin, no robust protocol, close to the sensitivity limit of CC2420, and no retransmission.

CC2420DB

0 degr.

Top view

Antenna

Figure 3: Radiated pattern horizontal mounting

Figure 3 depicts the antenna pattern while the CC2420DB is mounted horizontally with the

antennas parallel section aligned to the 0 degree direction.

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 6/ 52

Antenna

CC2420DB

0 degr.

Top view

Figure 4: Radiated antenna pattern vertical mounting

Figure 4 depicts the antenna pattern while the CC2420DB is mounted vertically with the

antennas parallel section aligned to the 0 degree direction.

The peak antenna gain is –5 dBi, the corresponding peak field strength is 90dBuV/m.

Power supply section

The power supply section contains two voltage regulators: a 3.3 V regulator for use by the

microcontroller and the I/O pins of the CC2420. The internal regulator of CC2420 is used to

generate the 1.8 voltage supply applied for powering of the CC2420 core.

A diode prevents permanent damage if wrong polarity is applied to the board. There are two

power connectors; a 2.5mm DC jack-type connector allows you to connect an unregulated

battery eliminator easily (the positive supply is on the center pin), and a connector for a 9V

battery on the bottoms side of the PCB. It is also possible to use 4 AA or AAA alkaline cells to

power the CC2420DB if a suitable battery pack is used.

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 7/ 52

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 8/ 52

RS-232 interface

A serial port is included on the CC2420DB. This port is used when software is programmed

into the AVR MCU using the bootloader, and is also used by several of the example

programs. The port includes support for RTS/CTS-type hardware flow control (handshaking).

Microcontroller and user interface

The microcontroller used is an AVR Atmega128L from Atmel. This controller has 128 KB of

Flash program memory, 4 KB of SRAM data memory and 4 KB of non-volatile EEPROM data

memory. The controller is interfaced to the CC2420 via its built-in SPI interface as well as

some general I/O pins.

The MCU is also connected to four LED’s, a joystick and an extra button for user interface

purposes. The different examples use these peripherals differently. An analog temperature

sensor, a potentiometer and 64K of external RAM are also included.

An ISP and a JTAG ICE connector are provided for programming the AVR without using the

serial port. In this case an Atmel AVR JTAG or ISP programmer should be connected to their

respective connectors.

All of the I/O pins are connected to footprints for 2 x 10 pin-row connectors. These connectors

are compatible with Agilent logic analyzer probes, and can be used either for testing or for

prototyping. For instance, it is possible to add a daughter board with additional circuitry using

these connectors.

External RAM

The lower 4 Kbytes of the external RAM is overlaid by the Atmega128L internal register and

RAM. CC2420DB includes this memory because it can be used for debugging purposes, to

buffer and store data if desired. The 32 kB RAM size is not a requirement nor necessary for a

low cost a Full Functional Device (FFD) or Reduced Functional Device (RFD). Please refer to

the Atmega128L data sheet for more details.

Flash Memory Requirements

The flash requirement for a FFD device with the Chipcon MAC will be approximate 20 kBytes

and 10 - 16 kBytes for a RFD. Additional flash size must be available for the application.

Important:

The memory requirement will be dependant on compiler, optimization level, hardware

platform and feature used in the stack.

CC2420DB Low Power Mode support

To apply a low power mode with CC2420DB for application development, it will be necessary

to apply an additional clock source together with the 8 MHz crystal. The Atmega128L

provides the Timer/Counter oscillator pins (TOSC1 and TOSC2), and these pins are available

on the CC2420DB connector P3. The oscillator is optimized for use with a 32.768 kHz crystal.

This clock source can be connected the following ways.

1. A crystal can be connected directly between the pins.

2. An external clock source can be applied to the TOSC1. Atmel does not recommend

this method.

The 32.768 kHz crystal will clock the timer 0 and then the overflow or compare match timer

interrupt is applied to wake up Atmega128 from power save mode.

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 9/ 52

Name Connector P3 Atmega12

TOSC1 (PG4) Pin 9 Pin 19

TOSC2 (PG3) Pin 7 Pin 18

Table 1, Low power mode signal

To demonstrate an application using the power down mode:

1. Apply 4x 1.5 AA batteries with a battery clip to the battery connector.

2. The library macros will be made available on how to set the ATmega128L into the

various power mode that can be applied to minimize the current draw on CC2420DB.

3. Apply the joystick switch as the external interrupt to wake up the ATmega128L to idle

mode and run an application.

CC2420DB temperature range

The CC2420DB can support a temperature range of -30˚C to +85˚C limited by the crystal

tolerance and the CC2420 temperature range.

Jumper settings for demonstration board control

The CC2420DB demonstration board has three default jumper settings for proper operation.

Figure 5 depicts the placement of the three jumpers J1, J2 and J3. They are mounted on

connector P9. Please see CC2420DB schematics page 1 for more details.

Jumper Purpose Comments

J1 To apply power of 3.3 volt to

the circuitry on the PCB

board

An option can be to remove

the jumper and connect an

ampere meter in series to

measure current

consumption

J2 To apply power of 3.3 volt to

the potentiometer and

temperature sensor on the

PCB board

Can be removed to

disconnect the devices if not

used, to decrease current

consumption

J3 To always have the RS-232

driver enabled, hence the

driver is forced on

This jumper can be

disconnected and instead

controlled by software if

desired

Table 2 Jumpers explanation

J2J3

Figure 5 Jumpers

Jumper J1 Jumper J3

Jumper J2

Figure 6 Jumpers on CC2420DB

To enable software control of the RS-232 driver U101, the jumper J3 can be moved.

Step-By-Step procedure:

1. Move RS-232 jumper J3 from P9 to P3 between pin 3 and 4

2. It will share the same port pin PE4 as the yellow LED, so when RS-232 is on the LED

will be set.

Chipcon AS SmartRF

CC2420DBK Demonstration Board Kit User Manual (rev. 1.3) 2004-11-03 Page 10/ 52

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