BRUEL & KJAER 2006 Guide de l'utilisateur

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type 2006

selective

voltmeter

covering

the

frequency

range

100

kHz-

230

MHz.

Sensitivity:

ftV- 50 V full

scale

deflect-

ion. Direct

reading

and

modulation.

Fully

transist-

orized

battery

mains

operated

BRUEL&

IK'-'AC.R

NA:.RUM,

DENMARK

. Teleph. :

800500

. Cable:

SRUKJA

. Telex:

5316

. COPENHAGEN

030

0078

Heterodyne Voltmeter

Type 2006

March 1969

Contents

Description

...

......

...

..........

. . .

.....................

. . .

General

...........

.......

....

........

...................

Input

Probe

.............

.....

. .

....................

.....

. .

Input

....................

.....

........

...

.......

. . .

Main

Unit

Type

2006

......

........

....

. . . . .

.. ..

.......

Measuring

the

-Frequency

......

............

.....

. .

....

Rear

Connection

Jack

.......

.. ..

.............

.....

...

....

. . .

Page

The

Power

Supply

....

. .

.............

.................

. .

...

2. Control Knobs

and

Terminals

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Operation

...

......

.........

...............

...

....

. . .

...

General

...........

......

...

. . . . ,

...

........

. . .

..........

Reference

Adjustments

...

.................

.........

.....

...

. .

...

Voltage

Measurements

.............

......

...

.........

Modulation

Measurements

. .

.......

. . . .

...........

....

........

Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

General

........

. .

.....

...

.........

.......

Antenna

Distribution

System

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Automatic

Recording

Voltages

........

...

......

....

. .

Directional

Characteristics

Antennas

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Control

Signal

Generator

..........

........

...

.....

......

.....

Correction

Curve

..................

.....

...

. .

....

Output

Impedance

. .

............

....

. . .

...

.. ..

.....

.......

Distortion

and

Harmonics

......

........

...

.....

.........

Modulation

down

3 %

...........................

...........

Automatic

Recording

Modulation

.............

.....

....

. . 28

Radiation

from

AM,

and

TV-Receivers

........

.....

...

. 30

The

2006

Used

Field-Strength

Meter

.......................

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Description

General.

The

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006 is a

transistorized,

selective

voltmeter

for

measuring

voltages

the

frequency

range

from

100

kHz

230 MHz.

provided

with

meter

circuit

having

maximum

sensitivity

for

full

scale

deflection

when

switched

for

measuring

voltages.

When

switched

for

modulation

measurements,

there

will

full

scale

deflection

for

80%

amplitude

modulation

(AM)

for

frequency

swing

± 80

kHz

frequency

modulation

respectively.

The

input

probe

has

impedance

M,Q

parallel

with

pF,

may

terminated

a 50 Q

resistor.

light

weight,

portable

instrument,

which

can

operated

from

the

mains

from

built

nickel-cadmium

storage

battery.

unit

for

recharg-

ing

the

battery

contained

the

instrument.

especially

useful

for

measurements

on:

Antenna

amplifiers

and

distribution

systems

for

AM,

and

Receivers

Transmitters

Transceivers

R.F.

circuits

I.F.

circuits

The

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006

particularly

designed

for

measuring

the

amplitude

high

frequency

signals

and

determining

the

frequency

well

the

percentage

modulation.

The

measured

frequency

indicated

scale.

meter

indicates

the

amplitude

the

measured

voltage

and

the

modulation.

loudspeaker

provides

audible

signal

check.

Input Probe.

The

miniaturized

Input

Probe

ig. 1.1 )

contains

FET

stage

and

features

the

advantages

high

input

impedance

and

easy

handling

due

to its

small

outside

dimensions.

The

input

impedance

1 MHz is g

reater

than

Megohm

parallel

to 6

pF.

higher

frequencies

the

input

impedance

decreases

. At

100 MHz

about

and

200 MHz

about

k.Q

When

using

the

Attenuator

described

below

the

input

impedance

greater

than

k.Q

all

frequencies

200 MHz

tn = 2

Capacitive

Voltage

Divider

provided

order

extend

the

voltage

range

the

voltmeter.

The

attenuation

the

Voltage

Divider

and

the

input

capacity

low

pF.

The

Voltage

Divider

made

mechanical

Attenuotor

Probe

-=C]

a b c d

~d>

Fig. 1.1.

Input

Probe

and

Attenuator

a, b

and

Adaptors.

extension

the

input

probe

(see

Fig

. 1.1) .

The

connection

from

the

input

probe

the

Voltmeter

consists

multicore

cable,

which

also

supplies

the

necessary

voltage

for

the

probe.

the

terminating

end,

the

cable

supplied

with

BNC-connector.

The

signal

the

Probe

itself

can

unscrewed

and

replaced

with

BNC

conversion

plug,

for

instance

for

calibration

purposes

with

a 50 Q

termination,

see

OPERATION,

p. 14.

;:::,!.f

Vol

A)]

;

-..::::.~

i "

"'i

tor Bott.

Check

Mod.

___

~te_r

~e~------------------

'""9

Fig.

1.2.

Heterodyne

roltmeter

Type

2006.

Block

diagram.

Main

Unit

Type

2006.

block

diagram

Type

2006 is

shown

Fig. 1.2.

The

input

stage

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

consists

untuned

mixer

stage

containing

PNP-

transistor

ground

emitter"

confi

uration.

The

sig

nal

from

variable

oscillator

supplied

the

emitter

while

the

collector

circuit

tuned

the

IF-frequency,

which

has

been

chosen

11.3 MHz.

careful

amplitude

stabilization

the

variable

oscillator

the

conversion

transconductance

the

mixer

kept

independent

frequency.

further-

ensure

frequency

stability

the

oscillator

temperature

compensated

and

different

oscillator

components

are

used

for

different

frequency

ranges.

Following

the

mixer

stage

is a

crystal

filter

with

bandwidth

2.5 kHz.

This

filter

shorted

when

the

BANDWIDTH

switch

set

"Wide".

From

the

filter

the

-signd

fed

into

3-stage

-amplifier

via

emitter

follower

and

stepped

attenuator

stage.

The

-amplifier

itself

stabilized

means

current

feedback.

The

first

stage

-amplification

contains

special

diodc-attenuator

which

op£rated

from

the

sensitivity

controls

marked

CARRIER

ADJ.

and

LS AND MOD. ADJ.,

the

instrument

front

panel,

respectively.

The

diode

voltage

divider

avoids

different

damping

levels

influencing

the

tuned

stage.

Actually

the

potentiometers

marked

CARRIER

ADJ.

and

AND MOD. AD.J.

only

determine

the

working

points

the

diodes.

Having

passed

the

first

two

stages

the

-a

mplifier

the

signal

-200 -100

+100

+200

kHz

~0----

------

----

-,~

~----~~

N-----

--~~~--

----------

--~

/ I

"Wide"

-20

--------

-----1

-30

------

--~

-+--------~~----

-1~--

-----+--------,_

--------~

-5

.3 v

• "Narrow"

"'-

-30

"'-

----

-------+------~--------

~"'.-4

-60

----------~--------~------

-1~

------~--------~--

----------

----

------

---------r--

-----+~

------~---------r------------

-80

--+-

-+---

~/\

~t----+-------1

4654-33

Fig. 1.3.

Bandwidth

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

BANDWIDTH

switcl1

position

"Wide"

and

"Narrow".

"split"

that

it is

fed

both

Foster-Seeley

type

FM-detector,

and

the

third

-stage

for

further

amplification

after

which

it is

applied

con-

ventional

AM-detector

and

peak

indicating

RF-meter.

The

demodulated

signal

then

selected

for

further

amplification

low

frequency

amplifier.

Finally

the

signal

fed

rectifier

for

meter

detec-

tion,

loudspeaker

for

aural

detection.

The

absolute

sensitivity

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006

can

checked

means

built-in

reference

oscillator

which

supplies

highly

stabilized

voltage

the

terminal

marked

REF.

VOLTAGE

the

front

plate.

Possible

sensitivity

adjustment

4G54 .

Fig. 1.4. FM-Discriminator

and

IF-Frequency

Response

(Wide)

Characteristics

Oscilloscope setting:

x: 130

kHz/em.

y: Di.'lcriminator curve:

100

mV/cm.

IF-Frequency

Response:

mV/cm.

can

made

described

under

"Operation",

p. 14.

allow

the

reference

voltage

independent

whether

the

oscillator

loaded

[}

the

high

impedance

the

Input

Probe,

the

output

impedance

the

REF.

VOLT

AGE

terminal

is less

than

.Q.

The

reference

voltage

will

change

less

than

for

a 0-

50°C

temperature

variation.

overall

accuracy

the

RF-meter

± o.5 dB is

expected

ranges

1, 2, 3,

and

Better

than

± 1

ranges

and

better

than

± 1.5 dB

range

the

higher

frequencies

the

attenuator

must

employed

capacitive

not

acceptable.

However,

this

accuracy

achieved

only

for

voltages

well

above

the

level

-~---4--4---4---+4-~~~+--+-~-~~+-~~--+-~

100

200

500 1000 2000 50 000

100

000

200

000 500 000

Frequency

(kHz)

Fig. 1.5.

Sensitivity

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006.

dB/1J

\2o

Bandwidth

Position

'"Wide''

should

not

.1.

used

below

6MHz

+15

+10 \.. I Probe

''jide'"

I Probe '"Narrow'"

+ 5 !

- 5

100

200 500 1000 2000 5000

000

100

000

200

000 500 000

Frequency/

kHz

469

002

Fig. 1.6.

Inherent

Noise

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006 (50 ftV range)

inherent

noise

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter.

Fig. 1.5 is

shown

typical

curves

sensitivity

and

Fig. 1.6

shows

the

inherent

noise

for

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter.

Input

voltages

around

the

noise

level

can

measured

comparison

with

reliable

standard

signal

generator.

limitation

the

measuring

range

will

occur

the

lower

frequencies

the

input

signal

for

which

the

corresponding

oscillator

frequency

approaches

the

and

tends

block

the

-amplifier.

Consequently,

the

higher

the

frequency

is,

the

lower

the

level

the

measurable

input

voltage.

indicated

Fig. 1.5

this

limitation

small

compared

with

the

frequency

range

the

instrument.

Measuring

the

IF-Frequency,

11.3 MHz.

The

sensitivity

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006

will

change

fre-

quencies

just

around

11.3 MHz,

which

the

center

frequency

the

IF-

amplifier.

Depending

the

setting

the

BANDWIDTH

switch

will

increase

(Wide)

decrease

(Narrow)

shown

Fig. 1.7a. At f = 11.3 MHz

it is

thus

only

possible

make

measurements

the

FREQUENCY

RANGE

switch

set

out

position

(between

and

1).

The

oscillator

then

dis-

connected,

and

the

frequency

response

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

will

shown

Fig.

when

the

BANDWIDTH

switch

set

position

"Wide".

the

sensitivity

under

these

circumstances

depends

the

current

amplification

factor

the

Mixer

transistor,

the

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

must

this

case

calibrated

specially

with

known

signal

voltage

10.7 MHz.

Rear

Connection

aek.

the

rear

plate

is a

6-pinned

jack

which

the

following

internal

connec-

tions

are

made:

Fig. 1.8).

External Battery.

The

built-in

battery

connected

directly

the

jack,

pins

and

Therefore

the intenral·

'bTJ.ttery

should

removed

external battery .

connected to

teh terminals.

The

external

battery

must

have

the

positive

terminal

connected

LF-Output.

The

output

for

external

loudspeaker

connected

directly

across

the

LF-

output

should

not

loaded

with

than

and

this

case

the

fre-

quency

response

is ± 1 dB

from

20 Hz

20ooo Hz.

The

output

found

pins

and

Meter Circuit.

The

terminals

and

can

used

for

connecting

external

meter

ampli-

fier.

4 is

connected

the

chassis

("ground")

and

3 is

connected

the

meter

circuit

series

with

a 63

resistance.

The

Power

Supply.

The

Heterodyne

Voltmeter

Type

2006 is

designed

for

battery-operation.

The

battery

contained

the

instrument

and

the

nickel-cadmium

storage

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