Brookfield KF40 Manuel utilisateur

INSTRUMENTATION & SPECIALTY CONTROLS DIVISION

11 Commerce Boulevard, Middleboro, MA 02302 USA

Tel: 508-946-6200 or 800-628-8139 (USA excluding MA)

Fax: 508-946-6262 Internet http://www.brookfieldengineering.com

BROOKFIELD KF40

Falling Ball Viscometer

Operating Instructions

Manual No. M19-354

Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................5

I.1 Components....................................................................................................................................................5

I.2 Specications..................................................................................................................................................6

I.3 Details on Viscosity Measurement Range ............................................................................................7

I.4 Description of the Equipment ..................................................................................................................7

I.5 Safety Symbols and Precautions........................................................................................................... 10

I.6 Cleaning......................................................................................................................................................... 10

II. GETTING STARTED ............................................................................................11

II.1 Choice of Balls.............................................................................................................................................. 11

II.2 Filling the Sample Tube............................................................................................................................ 11

II.3 Temperature Control of the Sample.................................................................................................... 12

II.4 Measuring the Falling Time..................................................................................................................... 12

III. CALCULATIONS .................................................................................................14

III.1 Dynamic Viscosity ...................................................................................................................................... 14

III.2 Kinematic Viscosity .................................................................................................................................... 15

IV. DETERMINATION OF THE NON-NEWTONIAN BEHAVIOR...............................16

IV.1 ixotrophy/Rheopexy...................................................................................................................16

IV.2 Structural Viscosity (Pseudoplasticity and Dilatancy)...............................................................16

Appendix A - Maintenance ..................................................................................................17

Appendix B - Calibration of the Ball Constants................................................................18

Appendix C - Online Help and Additional Resources......................................................19

Appendix D - Warranty Repair and Service.......................................................................20

M19-354 Page 5

I. INTRODUCTION

Falling Ball Viscometer, Model KF40, complies with the German industry standard DIN 53015.

The measuring principle, according to Höppler, is to determine the falling time of a ball in a

cylindrical glass tube lled with liquid. The working angle of the falling tube in the KF40

are variable at 80°, 70°, 60°and 50° relative to horizontal. The water jacket, surrounding the

falling tube, when connected to a Brookeld circulating temperature bath provides for precise

temperature control of the sample.

The user calculates the dynamic viscosity of the sample by determining the falling time of the

ball between the upper and lower ring marks displayed on the falling tube. Using data on the

ball constants, the density dierence between the liquid sample and the ball, and the working

angle constant, a mathematical equation is used to convert the time measurement to a viscosity

value in centipoise.

Note: The ball constants (forwards and backwards) and ball densities are listed on the test

certicate accompanying the instrument. You must provide the density value for the

liquid that you are testing.

The six (6) balls with dierent diameters and densities enable the KF40 to measure a wide

range of viscosities. The ability to adjust the angle of inclination extends the measuring range

for low viscosity liquids.

For non-Newtonian liquids, by subjecting the same sample to repetitive measurements with the

KF40 at dierent angles, pseudoplastic or dilatant behavior may be determined as explained in

Section IV. Time dependent behavior (thixotropy and rheopexy) may also be noted.

The ease of operation and precise temperature control, using a Brookeld circulating temperature

bath, allows for very reproducible measuring results.

I.1 Components

Component Part No. Quantity

KF40 Falling Ball Viscometer KF40 1

Set of (6) balls with gauge (FB68) in a carrying case (FB26) FB30C 1

Supplied w/certicate stating diameter and mass of each ball

-Ball 1 (glass) FB1 -

-Ball 2 (glass) FB2 -

-Ball 3 (nickel and iron) FB3 -

-Ball 4 (nickel and iron) FB4 -

-Ball 5 (steel) FB5 -

-Ball 6 (steel) FB6 -

Ball Tweezers FB51 1

Wire Cleaning Brush for Sample Tube FB53 1

Brush to clean loose debris from Falling Balls FB52 1

M19-354

Leather cloth for polishing Falling Balls FB70 1

Sealant ring (perbunane) A 16x20 FB31 4

Sealant ring (silicone) 10x14x2 FB32 1

Thermometer, 0°C to +100°C TM1 1

Operator Manual M11-353 1

Instrument Case FB200 1

Latex rubber tubing, 5/16 I.D. x 1/16 wall FB69 1

Certicate of Calibration ____ 1

I.2 Specifications

Viscosity Range: 0.5 - 7x104 mPa•s (cP)

Falling Time-Lower Limit: 60 s for Ball No.1

30 s for Ball Nos. 2,3,4,5 and 6

Falling Time-Upper limit: 300 s

Materials with viscosity >7x104mPa•s require running

times of over 300 s.

Measuring Distance: 100 mm (50 mm between adjacent ring marks) in both

directions

Fall Tube Inner Diameter: 15.94 mm +/- 0.01 mm

Set of Balls: 6 balls

Working Angle: KF40: 80°, 70°, 60°, 50°

Temperature Range: -5°C - +150°C

Sample Volume: 40 mL

Viscometer Accuracy: ±0.6% if the reading when used with balls 2 and 3.

Dimensions: 180 mm x 220 mm x 330 mm

Weight: 6.4 lbs, 2.9 kg

(empty glass tube and empty waterbath jacket)

M19-354 Page 7

I.3 Details on Viscosity Measurement Range and Accuracy

Per DIN 53015, the Falling Ball method is suitable for measuring dynamic viscosities ranging

from 0.6 mPa•s to 250,000 mPa•s at temperatures from -5ºC to 150ºC. Use is made of six

balls having dierent diameters, each ball covering part of the range. All guideline values and

referenced parameters in the following table are per DIN 53015.

Ball

No.

Viscosity

measurement

range (guideline

values) (mPa•s)

Material

Density

(guideline

value)

(g/cm3)

Ball

diameter

(mm)

Deviation

from

circularity

(mm)

Calibration

constant

(guideline

value)

(mPa•s•cm3/g•s)

1 0.5 to 10 Borosilicate glass 2.4 15.81 ± .01 ± 0.0005 0.007

29 to 140 Borosilicate glass 2.4 15.6 ± 0.05 ± 0.0005 0.09

3 40 to 700 Ni/iron 8.1 15.6 ± 0.05 ± 0.001 0.09

4 150 to 5,000 Ni/iron 8.1 15.2 ± 0.1 ± 0.001 0.7

5 1,500 to 50,000 Ni/iron 8.1 14.0 ± 0.5 ± 0.001 7

6Above 7,500 Ni/iron 8.1 11.0 ± 1 ± 0.002 35

These are the accuracy values reported in the DIN53015 standard.

AMETEK Brookeld has determined the accuracy of the viscometer using balls 2 and 3 according

to the method specied in the DIN53015 standard.

To determine the accuracy of the viscometer for balls 1, 4, 5 and 6, please refer to the method

specied in the DIN 53015 standard.

I.4 Description of the Equipment

Refer to Figures 1 and 2. Specic items identied on the Falling Ball Viscometer are identied by

parentheses ( ) in the following steps:

1. The Falling Ball Viscometer must be level. The level is adjusted using the three Leveling

Feet (4) on the base. Adjust so that the bubble level on top of the Falling Ball Viscometer

is centered within the circle. Check level periodically during use.

2. The working angles of the KF40 are 80°, 70°, 60° and 50° relative to horizontal. The DIN

53015 working position of 80° is the preferred position. The dierent working angles are

secured by the adjustment screw (5). To select a working angle, the adjustment screw (5)

should be loosened by turning it counter-clockwise approximately one rotation. After the

working angle is selected, the adjustment screw should then be tightened again.

3. The two running directions of the balls can be chosen by swiveling the viscometer, which

is kept in place by the Stop to hold the viscometer in position (22).

4. The glass tube (6) is surrounded by a waterbath jacket (9) which is xed between the upper

plate (7) and lower plate (8). The upper locking plug (16) with lid (20), the lower locking

M19-354

plug (17) and accompanying seals (19), and the caps (18) are designed to perform the

following functions within the sample tube:

a. keep the liquid sample tightly sealed.

b. eliminate the formation of air bubbles.

c. avoid a build up of pressure

5. Mounted on the lower and upper plates are inlet/outlet ports (10a and 10b) for connection

to the water bath.

NOTE: Any alteration, modication or replacement of the sample tube, water jacket,

falling tube screw ttings, tension rods or balls renders the ball constants

invalid and requires the re-calibration of the viscometer. See Appendix B.

6. The thermometer screw (11) and thermometer seal (13) with inserted thermometer is screwed

into M10x1 Thermometer attachment thread (12) in the upper plate. The thermometer screw

should be tightened securely to prevent uid leakage.

NOTE: Caution when handling the glass thermometer!

7. The primary function of the ball gauge is to distinguish the two glass balls (Ball No. 1 and

Ball No. 2) from each other. Ball No. 1 will not pass through the ball gauge, whereas Ball

No. 2 will pass through. The ball gauge may also be used to help identify Ball No. 2 through

Case (p/n FB26)

Balls (set of 6)

(p/n FB1-FB6)

Ball Gauge (p/n FB68)

Foam Inserts (p/n FB27, FB28 & FB29)

Figure 1

NOTES:

Ball diameters, weights, densities and ball constants (forwards and backwards) are

listed in the test certicate accompanying the viscometer.

M19-354 Page 9

DIN

KF40

10b

10a

Figure 2: Falling Ball Viscometer KF40

1. Stand - KF40 (Part No. FB204) 13. Thermometer seal , 10mm x 14mm x 2mm

2. Viscometer (silicone) (Part No. FB32)

3. Bubble Level 14. Bearing for viscometer rotation

4. Leveling Feet (Part No. FB75) 15. Nuts

5. Adjustment screw for angle 16. Upper Locking Plug (Part No. FB64)

6. Glass Tube (15.94mm dia.) with s/n oriented 17. Lower Locking Plug (Part No. FB66)

towards the top of the instrument (Part No. FB76) 18. Cap (Part No. FB63)

7. Upper Plate 19. Viscometer seal A 16mm x 20mm (perbunane)

8. Lower Plate (Part No. FB31)

9. Waterbath Jacket (glass) (Part No. FB41) 20. Lid (for upper locking plug) (Part No. FB65)

10a. Inlet port for connection to water bath 21. Falling tube screw fitting (Part No. FB67)

10b. Outlet port for connection to water bath 22. Stop to hold viscometer in position

11. Thermometer screw (Part No. FB42) 23. Seal for falling tube (Part No. FB62)

12. M10x1 Thermometer Attachment Thread 24. Water Jacket Gasket (Part No. FB33)

M19-354

I.5 Safety Symbols and Precautions

Safety Symbols

The following explains safety symbols which may be found in this operating manual.

Refer to the manual for specic warning or caution information to avoid personal injury

or damage to the instrument.

Precautions

If this instrument is used in a manner not specied by the manufacturer, the protection

provided by the instrument may be impaired.

This instrument is not intended for use in a potentially hazardous environment.

The user should ensure that the substances placed under test do not release poisonous,

toxic or ammable gases at the temperatures to which they are subjected to during the

testing.

I.6 Cleaning

Great care should be given to cleaning of the sample tube, the locking plugs and the balls. These

components (material: glass, Ni-iron, steel, perbunane, silicone, stainless steel surfaces) must

not be damaged or subject to chemical action by the cleaning uid.

The cleaning procedure is to be carried out in the following sequence:

• The viscometer is pulled out of the bearing guide (14) in the stand by turning it 90° and

placed in a suitable collecting basin.

• Unscrew the caps and remove the locking plugs in such a way that the ball does not fall into

the collecting basin (possibly damaging the ball). The ball collector (Part No. FB23) is an

optional item that can be purchased on request.

• Clean the sample tube using a suitable cleaning agent for the material being measured with

the cleaning brush (Part No. FB53).

• There must not be any residue remaining in the sample tube or on the balls after they have

been cleaned and are dry. Wipe with a cloth that will not leave bers, if necessary.

• When cleaning, be careful that the cleaning agent does not come into contact with the

equipment outside of the measuring tube.

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