14
BURNER CHARACTERISTICS
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF THE BURNER
AIR/GAS mixture control (Fig. 12)
The fan draws air in across the venturi.This creates a vacuum P1 at
the venturi neck. The gas valve regulator now reacts to maintain a
difference equal to the amount of the offset between the pressure at
the gas valve outlet P2 and atmospheric pressure P3:P2 – P3 = off-
set.
If the air flow decreases, P1 rises; the same applies to P2;now
P2>P3;the regulator Rmoves upwards and restores the equilibrium
P2 – offset = P3;pressure P4 falls and valve Cmoves down: the
gas flow decreases.
Whatever the speed of the fan therefore, the Air/Gas ratio is main-
tained equal to 1 to within the amount of the offset.
The difference in pressure between the neck of the venturi and the
outlet from the gas valve now draws gas through the venturi.
The gas flow adjuster screw is used to adjust the amount of gas that
is to be injected for a given air flow, and this will determine the %CO2
in the flue gas. It is now a very simple matter to control the burner's
power by adjusting the fan speed and the %CO2to predefined
settings.
Ignition and flame monitoring
The control and monitoring relay has a dual function: it ignites the
burner by producing sparks at the ignition electrode, and it monitors
the actual presence of a flame when the gas valve is open (it measures
the ionisation current).
Starting sequence: (Fig. 13)
The fan starts up when the boiler thermostat/potentiometer detects
a demand for heat.After a 15 second pre-purge the gas valve opens
simultaneously with the ignition. Provided an ionisation current is
detected inside the first 5 seconds, combustion continues normally
until heat is no longer called for. Otherwise, the gas valve closes and
the fan stops; the burner is now shut down.
If the burner shuts down:
1. The burner indicator lamp lights up on the control panel and on
the burner.
2. Press the burner reset button on the control panel. Turn the
boiler off for several seconds at the main switch, then restart the
the boiler.
Gas tube (Fig. 14)
The air/gas mixture leaving the gas valve/venturi assembly is
propelled into the burner tube.
This tube is covered with metal fibres (NIT). This enhances the
distribution of the flame, increasing its life and significantly reducing
pollutant emissions.
Combustion of the air/gas mixture is also spread uniformly around
the circumference of the tube. The tube is also designed to
withstand propane combustion.
1. Air
2. Gas
3. Venturi
4. Fan
5. Offset adjuster screw
6. Gas flow adjuster screw (CO2)
7. Air/gas mixture
Fig. 12: Air/gas mixture control
Fig. 13: Starting sequence
Fig. 14:The NIT gas tube in operation
1 7
2
5
R
3 4
6
P1
P2
P3
P4
C
Ionisation
Thermostat
Fan
Gas valve opens
Ignition
15s
5s