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Installation 4
MAJOR COMPONENTS
AND WHAT THEY DO
Impeller and Jet
Impeller turns with motor shaft, causing water to fly out
from its rim by centrifugal force. Impeller rotation creates
a vacuum which pulls in more water. Part of the water is
diverted back to the jet where it passes through the noz-
zle and venturi. This creates more vacuum to draw in
more water.
In shallow wells (less than 25 feet deep), the vacuum created
at the pump is enough to pull water to the pump. Therefore,
for shallow well use the jet is built into the pump.
Pre-Charged Tank
The tank serves two functions. It provides a reservoir of
water under pressure and maintains a cushion of air
pressure to prevent pipe hammering and possible dam-
age to plumbing components. When water is drawn off
through the house fixtures, the pressure in the tank is
lowered and the pump starts.
Pressure Switch
The pressure switch provides for automatic operation.
Pump starts when pressure drops to 30 pounds and stops
when pressure reaches 50 pounds.
Check Valve or Foot Valve
Install a check valve as close to well as possible on well
point installations. A foot valve must be installed in the
well on dug or cased wells. See Figures 1 and 2 (Pages 5
and 6). For long horizontal pipe runs, install check valve
as close to well as possible (all types of wells).
HORIZONTAL PIPING FROM WELL
TO PUMP
When the pump is offset more than 25 feet from the
well, horizontal suction pipe size should be increased to
reduce friction losses. Never install a suction pipe that is
smaller than the suction tapping of the pump.
1-1/4” 1-1/2” 2”
Up to 25 Ft. 25 to 50 Ft. 50 to 200 Ft.
Discharge Pipe Sizes
When the pump is some distance from the house or
point of water use, the discharge pipe size should be
increased to reduce pressure losses caused by friction.
1” 1-1/4” 1-1/2”
Up to 25 Ft. 25 to 100 Ft. 100 to 600 Ft.
Tank
Tank is pre-charged with 40 pounds per square inch (PSI)
air pressure at the factory. Your tank requires an air
charge of 28 PSI for proper operation; check tank pres-
sure with tire gauge and adjust air charge as needed.
Tank pre-charge should be checked annually; see
instructions on Page 7.
In areas where the temperature is high for long periods of
time, the tank pre-charge pressure may increase. This
may reduce the tank drawdown (amount of water avail-
able per cycle). If this occurs, reduce the pre-charge
pressure until it is 2 PSI below the pump cut-in setting of
the pressure switch (normally 30 PSI).
It is necessary to flush all air out of the piping system and
water reservoir portion of the pre-charged tank. This is
required on new installations, pumps requiring repriming
and pumps that have been disassembled for service. Do
this as follows:
1. Open faucets furthest from tank and allow pump to
operate.
2. Air in the system will cause a sputtering flow; allow
faucets to run until you have a steady, air free stream.
3. Open and close faucets repeatedly until you are sure
all air has been removed.
4. If stream does not become steady, air may be leaking
into the system; check for leaks in the piping on the
suction side of the pump.
NOTICE: To prevent waterlogging, check tank air charge
annually (Page 7).
REPLACING AN OLD PUMP
Hazardous voltage. Disconnect power to
pump before working on pump or motor.
Step 1. Drain and remove the old pump and tank. Check
the old pipe for scale, lime, rust, etc., and
replace it if necessary.
Step 2. Install the new pump/tank system. Make sure that
all pipe joints in the suction pipe are air-tight as
well as water tight.
If the suction pipe can suck air,
the pump will not be able to pull water from the
well.
Step 3. Adjust the pump mounting height so that the
plumbing connections do not put a strain on the
pump body. Support the pipe so that the pump
body does not take the weight of piping or fittings.
You have just completed the well plumbing for
your new shallow well jet pump system.
