PEAK INSTRUMENTS E-1000 Series Mode d’emploi
E-1000 Series User Manual PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC
E-1000 Series Spectrophotometer
User Manual and Maintenance Guide
PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC.
Version 1701
E-1000 Series User Manual PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC
CONTENTS
Section 1 Introduction ...............................................................1
1.1 Basic working principle.......................................................1
1.1.1 The nature of absorption.................................................1
1.1.2 Absorption law................................................................1
1.1.3 Influence factors .............................................................2
1.2 Applications........................................................................4
1.3 Use conditions ...................................................................4
Section 2 Product Features and Installation..............................4
2.1 Features.............................................................................4
2.2 Technical data....................................................................5
2.3 Installation..........................................................................6
Section 3 Display Description and Button Definition..................6
3.1 Display screen diagram......................................................6
3.2 Display content description ................................................7
3.3 Panel diagram....................................................................7
3.4 Button Functions................................................................7
Section 4 Programs ..................................................................8
4.1 Transmittance..................................................................9
4.2 Absorbance.....................................................................9
4.3 Quantitation......................................................................10
4.3.1 Measure concentration with standard samples...........10
4.3.2 Measure concentration with factor(coefficient)............11
4.4 Store and read data....................................................... 11
4.5 Delete data....................................................................12
4.6 Print data.......................................................................12
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Section 1 Introduction
1.1 Basic working principle
1.1.1 The nature of absorption
Spectrophotometer is the method set up by the use of substances
to choose different wavelengths of light absorption properties.
Generally utilize a prism or grating to get monochromatic light, so
that monochromatic light passes through the solution continuously,
and absorption of the solution was measured at each wavelength to
obtain the absorption spectrum curve.
Absorption spectrum results from absorption of light from the
substance, which is the material macroscopic phenomena, and the
nature of the absorption is molecular internal movement and the
results of light mutual interaction. When the molecules absorb
certain energy or wavelength spectrum, among the transmission
spectrum, some wavelengths are absorbed to form the absorption
spectrum. The smaller the energy absorption is, the corresponding
wavelength of light, the absorption peak is at a longer wavelength.
When in the infrared region, infrared absorption spectrum formed, if
greater the energy absorption is, the shorter the wavelength of the
corresponding absorption peak is at a shorter wavelength. When
the absorption is in the UV region, ultraviolet absorption spectrum
produced.
1.1.2 Absorption law
Lambert-Beer's law: When a bunch of parallel monochromatic light
passes through a uniform solution, the solution absorbance is in
direct proportion to the product of concentration and thickness.
Its mathematical formula: A = KCL = LogI0/ I = -LogT
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The premise of absorption Law mathematical formula: ①the
incident light is monochromatic, ②in the absorption process no
interaction of each substance, the absorbance of each substance
has additive property, ③the role of light and matter is limited to the
absorption process, no fluorescent and photochemical scattering
phenomenon, ④the absorbent is a uniform distribution and
continuous system.
1.1.3 Influence factors
1.1.3.1 Errors caused by non-absorption of radiation and material.
1.1.3.2 The effect of fluorescence and photochemical reactions, in
general, spectrophotometer measurement error generated
by fluorescence can be ignored. The fluorescence
efficiency of the color system is very small in most cases,
and the fluorescence emission is isotropic, only a small
portion along direction of the transmitted light goes into the
detector so that the absorbance was low, resulting in a
negative deviation. Fluorescence absorption effects on
measurements greatly depend on the instrument's
absorption cell and detector optical design,
1.1.3.3 Reflection and scattering, absorption law applies only to the
absorption system with uniform medium, the turbid solution
increases the measured absorbance because of scattering,
leading to deviations from Beer's Law.
1.1.3.4 Errors caused by non-ideality of the instrument.
1.1.3.5 Polychromatic light deviates from Beer's law, most of the
photometer can only get close to monochromatic light with
a narrow lumen, in fact, there is still a polychromatic nature
can lead to deviations from Beer's law. Two monochromatic
deviation depends on the molar absorptivity difference △ε,
when | △ε | is very small, can be approximately considered
as monochromatic light, at low concentrations, curve
remains linear; but at greater concentrations, with
concentration increases, A-C curve bend more seriously, so
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the Beer's law applies only to dilute solution.
1.1.3.6 Stray light, stray light is wavelength component which is not
required, but enters the detector and is outside the tested
spectral bandwidth range. It comes mainly from the
spectrometer dispersion element prism or a grating, mirrors,
scattering of lens surface, monochrome dust of inner wall
and reflection and diffuse of other elements scars, etc.
Stray light can cause serious measurement errors. When
the instrument energy is at the minimum wavelength, stray
light is usually at its maximum (e.g. deuterium lamp 220nm,
tungsten lamp 340nm).
1.1.3.7 Slit width, slit width not only affects the purity of the
spectrum, but also the absorbance values. In quantitative
analysis, in order to obtain sufficient measurement signal,
should use a larger slit, in the qualitative analysis a small
slit is used, when the exit slit width is equal to the width of
the entrance slit, error caused by slit width is minimal.
1.1.3.8 Wavelength gauge error, wavelength gauge is the
wavelength accuracy of the instrument, if the error is
considerably large or no error correction, the spectral
measurement will cause errors that affect the accuracy of
absorbance measurements (in the peak of absorption
spectrum is more significant).
1.1.3.9 The impact of non-parallel incident light, one of the
prerequisites in Beer's law is the use of a parallel incident
beam, to ensure that all the beam passing through the
same thickness of the absorbing medium, when incident
beam has large deviation from parallel light, obviously
lead to deviations from Beer law. If deviation of parallel
beam is in the instrument moderate, absorbance
measurement error is generally within 0.5%.
1.1.3.10 Luminosity scale error, the accuracy of transmittance, the
error size directly affects the accuracy of photometric
measurements.
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1.2 Applications
Discipline for physics, chemistry, medicine, biology, pharmacology,
geology and other scientific research, is one of the most important
quality control instruments which is widely used in chemical,
pharmaceutical, biological and chemical, metallurgy, light industry,
materials, environmental protection, medical tests and analysis of
industry and other industries, is an essential equipment in routine
laboratory.
1.3 Use conditions
The instrument should be installed away from the hot and humid
environment; the instrument should be used at 16-35 ℃, 45-80%
of humidity. Please try to stay away from the device which emits
magnetic field, electrical field and the high-frequency wave. Do not
install the instrument in the place where air chlorine, hydrochloric
acid gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, sulfurous acid gas and other
corrosive gases are seriously overweight. The instrument table
should be smooth, without vibrations; the instrument should spare
enough space close to the fan to exhaust smoothly. Instrument
would better use an independent power outlet; power should be
ensured good grounding. Otherwise may cause the instrument
does not work properly. If the local voltage is instable, instrument
should be equipped with stable power supply. The instrument
should avoid direct sunlight and avoid dusty environment.
Section 2 Product Features and Installation
2.1 Features
The new UV-Vis spectrophotometer adopts improved CT
monochromator, it has a wider spectral range and excellent quality.
Due to the strong role of the instrument concealed microprocessor
system, coupled with excellent optical, electrical systems, and
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reasonable mechanical structure, and the use of large-screen LCD,
it will provide very effective and intuitive means for the analytical
testing of every laboratory .
The menu on large-screen LCD selects and recognizes each
corresponding steps that the function you need to complete.
As an excellent practical UV/visible spectrophotometer, which has
a quick and easy method of analysis can be widely applied in
organic, inorganic, petroleum, pharmaceutical, environment,
biochemistry, medicine, food and other economic sectors. It is one
of the indispensable methods in routine quality control (QC) and
quality analysis (QA).
2.2 Technical data
Model
E-1000V
E-1000UV
Display
70*40mm blue backlit LCD
Wavelength Range
320 - 1020nm
190 - 1020nm
Slit Width
4nm
4nm
Wavelength
Accuracy
±2nm
Wavelength
Repeatability
≤1nm
≤1nm
Photometric
Accuracy
0.5%T
Photometric
Repeatability
0.2%T
Stray light
≤0.15%T@ 360nm
Stability
0.002A@ 500nm
Output Port
RS232
Light Source
Tungsten Halogen
Lamp
Tungsten Halogen/
Deuterium Lamp
Power Requirements
220V/50HZ, 110V/60HZ
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2.3 Installation
2.3.1 After unpacking, carefully check the packing list whether the
things inside are complete and intact;
2.3.2 Ensure the working environment meets the above
requirements, environmental temperature is 10 ~ 35 ℃,
relative humidity is less than 85%, operating voltage (220 ±
22) V / (50 ±1) HZ,
2.3.3 Place the instrument on a level platform, the instrument
should avoid direct sunlight, be away from electromagnetic
emitting devices and high-power electrical devices, there
can not be dust, corrosive gas and vibration;
2.3.4 There must not be any obstacles to the flow of air around the
instrument;
2.3.5 Use the company supplied power cord and make sure
electrical outlets have intact ground wire;
2.3.6 Turn on the instrument power supply. It can be used normally
after 30 minutes warm-up time.
Section 3 Display Description and Button Definition
3.1 Display screen diagram
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3.2 Display content description
Transmittance
Absorbance
Concentration
Factor
Test data display
Storage status display
3.3 Panel diagram
3.4 Button Functions
<Esc>: exit
<Mode>: the key used to select the Transmittance, Absorbance,
Screen
Function Buttons
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Concentration and Factor mode.
<0%T>: the key has two functions:
a. To set zero. It is effective only in T mode. Insert black block into
cell holder, then close the sample compartment cover. If it does not
show 0.0, Press the key, and it will show 0.0.
b. As the descending key. When in F and C mode, press the key
and the F (C) value will decrease by 1. Holding the key will speed
up the decrease. When the value reaches your target value, press
enter key immediately.
<100%T>: the key has two functions:
a. When in T (A) mode, press the key and it will read 100.0 (0.000),
it means to set 100%T under T mode, and set 0.000A under A
mode.
b. To be used as the ascending key. It is effective in F and C mode.
Press the key and the F (C) value will increase by 1. Holding the
key will speed up the increase. When the value reaches your target
value, press enter key immediately.
<Enter/Print>: the key has two functions:
a. Enter function. It is effective in F and C mode. Press the key after
setting F (C) value.
b. Print function. Press the key to print the current value under T
and A mode. Press the key to print C and F value under C mode.
<Save>: the key used to store /read
Section 4 Programs
Note: Please use black block to set zero one more time when
turning on instrument or changing wavelength. Then set
100%T/0.000Abs. Setting zero are totally different from setting
0.000A. Setting zero is used to calibrate the dark current and select
suitable magnification, while setting 0.000A is only for reference
solution. Actually it is to deduct the absorbance value of preparation
solution (reference solution), so as to test the correct absorbance of
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