LUDLUM MODEL 3 Manuel utilisateur

LUDLUM MODEL 3

SURVEY METER

April 2016

Serial Number 294605 and Succeeding

Serial Numbers

LUDLUM MODEL 3

SURVEY METER

April 2016

Serial Number 294605 and Succeeding

Serial Numbers

STATEMENT OF WARRANTY

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. warrants the products covered in this manual to be free of

defects due to workmanship, material, and design for a period of twelve months from the

date of delivery. The calibration of a product is warranted to be within its specified

accuracy limits at the time of shipment. In the event of instrument failure, notify Ludlum

Measurements to determine if repair, recalibration, or replacement is required.

This warranty excludes the replacement of photomultiplier tubes, G-M and proportional

tubes, and scintillation crystals which are broken due to excessive physical abuse or used

for purposes other than intended.

There are no warranties, express or implied, including without limitation any implied

warranty of merchantability or fitness, which extend beyond the description of the face

there of. If the product does not perform as warranted herein, purchaser’s sole remedy

shall be repair or replacement, at the option of Ludlum Measurements. In no event will

Ludlum Measurements be liable for damages, lost revenue, lost wages, or any other

incidental or consequential damages, arising from the purchase, use, or inability to use

product.

RETURN OF GOODS TO MANUFACTURER

If equipment needs to be returned to Ludlum Measurements, Inc. for repair or calibration, please send to

the address below. All shipments should include documentation containing return shipping address,

customer name, telephone number, description of service requested, and all other necessary information.

Your cooperation will expedite the return of your equipment.

LUDLUM MEASUREMENTS, INC.

ATTN: REPAIR DEPARTMENT

501 OAK STREET

SWEETWATER, TX 79556

800-622-0828 325-235-5494

FAX 325-235-4672

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. April 2016

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

Getting Started 2

Unpacking and Repacking 2-1

Battery Installation 2-1

Connecting a Detector to the Instrument 2-2

Battery Test 2-2

Instrument Test 2-2

Reading the Meter Face Dial 2-3

Operational Check 2-6

Specifications 3

Identification of Controls and Functions 4

Safety Considerations 5

Environmental Conditions for Normal Use 5-1

Warning Markings and Symbols 5-1

Cleaning and Maintenance Precautions 5-2

Calibration and Maintenance 6

Calibration 6-1

Exposure Rate Calibration 6-2

CPM Calibration 6-3

Establishing an Operating Point 6-4

Maintenance 6-5

Recalibration 6-5

Batteries 6-6

Troubleshooting 7

Troubleshooting Electronics which utilize a

GM Detector or Scintillator 7-1

Troubleshooting GM Detectors 7-3

Troubleshooting Scintillators 7-4

Model3 TechnicalManual

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. April 2016

Technical Theory of Operation 8

Low-Voltage Supply 8-1

High-Voltage Supply 8-1

Detector Input 8-1

Amplifier 8-1

Discriminator 8-2

Audio 8-2

Scale Ranging 8-2

Meter Drive 8-2

Meter Reset 8-2

Fast/Slow Time Constant 8-2

Recycling 9

Parts List 10

Model 3 Survey Meter 10-1

Main Board, Drawing 464 × 204 10-1

Wiring Diagram, Drawing 464 × 212 10-3

Drawings and Diagrams 11

Model3 TechnicalManual Section1

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. Page 1-1 April 2016

Introduction

he Model 3 is a portable radiation survey instrument with four linear

ranges used with exposure rate or cpm (counts per minute) meter

dials, or a combination of both exposure rate and count rate

(referred to as “combo”) meter face dials. The instrument features a

regulated high-voltage power supply, unimorph speaker with audio ON-OFF

capability, fast-slow meter response, meter reset button, and a six-position

switch for selecting battery check or scale multiples of ×0.1, ×1, ×10 and

×100. Each range multiplier has its own calibration potentiometer. The unit

body and meter housing are made of cast aluminum and the can is 0.23 cm

(0.090 in.) thick aluminum.

The audio provides a brief “click” for every radiation event detected. It also

provides a steady tone to warn the user of a low battery condition. This low

battery warning overrides the position of the AUD ON-OFF switch.

Any Geiger-Mueller (GM) detector offered by Ludlum Measurements will

operate with this unit as well as any scintillation type detector. The

instrument is typically set at 900 volts for GM tube operation. For special

requirements of GM or scintillation detectors, the instrument high voltage

may be adjusted from 400 to 1500 volts.

The unit is operated with two ˝D˝cell batteries for operation from -20 to 50

°C (-4 to 122°F). For instrument operation below 0 °C (32 °F), either very

fresh alkaline or rechargeable NiCd batteries should be used.

Sectio

Model3 Technical Manual Section 2

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. Page 2-1 April 2016

Getting Started

Unpacking and Repacking

Remove the calibration certificate and place it in a secure location. Remove

the instrument and accessories (batteries, cable, etc.) and ensure that all of

the items listed on the packing list are in the carton. Check individual item

serial numbers and ensure calibration certificates match. The Model 3 serial

number is located on the front panel below the battery compartment. Most

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. detectors have a label on the base or body of

the detector for model and serial number identification.

Important!

If multiple shipments are received, ensure that the detectors

and instruments are not interchanged. Each instrument is

calibrated to specific detector(s), and therefore not

interchangeable.

To return an instrument for repair or calibration, provide sufficient packing

material to prevent damage during shipment. Also provide appropriate

warning labels to ensure careful handling. Include detector(s) and related

cable(s) for calibration

Every returned instrument must be accompanied by and Instrument

Return Form, which can be downloaded from the Ludlum website at

www.ludlums.com. Find the form by clicking on the “Support” tab and

selecting “Repair and Calibration from the drop-down menu. Then choose

the appropriate Repair and Calibration division where you will find a link to

the form.

Battery Installation

Ensure the Model 3 range selector switch is in the OFF position. Open the

battery lid by pushing down and turning the quarter-turn thumbscrew

Sectio

Model3 Technical Manual Section 2

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. Page 2-2 April 2016

counterclockwise a quarter of a turn. Install two ˝D˝size batteries in the

compartment.

Note the (+) and (-) marks inside the battery door. Match the battery

polarity to these marks. Close the battery box lid, push down and turn the

quarter-turn thumb screw clockwise a quarter of a turn.

Note:

The center post of a “D” size battery is positive.

Connecting a Detector to the Instrument

Caution!

The detector operating voltage is supplied to the detector via

the detector input connector. A mild electric shock may

occur if you make contact with the center pin of the input

connector. Switch the Model 3 range selector switch to the

OFF position before connecting or disconnecting the cable or

detector.

Connect one end of a detector cable to the detector by firmly pushing the

connectors together while twisting clockwise a quarter of a turn. Repeat the

process in the same manner with the other end of the cable and the

instrument.

Battery Test

Check the batteries daily or prior to use, whichever is less frequent, to assure

proper operation of the instrument. Move the range multiplier switch to the

BAT position. Ensure that the meter needle deflects to the battery check

portion on the meter scale. If the meter does not respond, check to see if the

batteries have been correctly installed. Replace the batteries if necessary.

Instrument Test

After checking the batteries, turn the instrument range switch to the X100

position. Place the AUD ON-OFF switch in the ON position. Expose the

detector to a check source. The instrument speaker should emit “clicks”

relative to the rate of counts detected. The ˝AUD ON/OFF˝switch will silence

the audible clicks if in the OFF position. In order to preserve battery life, it is

recommended to keep the AUD ON/OFF switch in the OFF position

Model3 Technical Manual Section 2

Ludlum Measurements, Inc. Page 2-3 April 2016

The detector cable can be a source of problems. Test the detector cable by

bending or flexing either end of the cable and checking for an increase of

counts detected. Replace the cable if increases in the rate of counts are

detected.

Check the meter reset function by depressing the RESET pushbutton switch

and ensuring the meter needle drops to 0.

Once this procedure has been completed, the instrument is ready for use.

Reading the Meter Face Dial

Reading the meter face is very important for consistent measurements. There

are, in general, three types of meter faces:

1) count rate (typically cpm [counts per minute])

2) exposure rate (typically mR/hr)

3) combo (typically cpm and mR/hr.)

The following examples are intended to help the user interpret the correct

reading.

The normal procedure is to turn the range selector switch to the highest range

and if no readings are seen on the meter, turn the selector switch down to the

lower scales until a reading is seen. The ranges on the instrument selector

switch are multipliers for the meter reading. A typical single scale (one arc)

meter face with a cpm (counts per minute) dial is shown below.

The count rate scale reads 0-5K COUNTS/MINUTE (kcpm or 1000’s of

counts per minute) and has BAT TEST on the dial.

If the needle is pointing as indicated below and the instrument range

selection switch is on the ×0.1 scale multiple, then the reading is 3.5 kcpm

(multiplied by) ×0.1 = 350 cpm.

Table des matières

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