LaMotte 2020 Manuel utilisateur

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION

Packaging and Delivery ..........................3

General Precautions ...........................3

Safety Precautions ............................3

Limits of Liability .............................3

Specifications ...............................4

Parts & Accessories ............................5

EPA Compliance .............................5

Warranty .................................5

CE Compliance..............................6

INTRODUCTION

What is Turbidity? ............................7

How is Turbidity Measured?.......................8-9

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

Overview...............................10-11

The Keypad ...............................12

The Display ...............................12

Turbidity Tubes ...........................13-14

CALIBRATION

Standard Solutions ...........................15

Calibration Procedure ..........................16

ANALYSIS PROCEDURES WITH THE 2020

Selecting the EPA Mode.........................17

Turbidity Measurement .........................18

Preparation of Turbidity-Free Water................. 19-20

Dilution Procedures ...........................21

Testing Tips ...............................21

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE .................22

RS232 PORT..........................23

MAINTENANCE OF THE 2020

Replacing the Battery ..........................24

Replacing the Lamp ...........................24

Repairs to the 2020 ...........................24

GENERAL INFORMATION

PACKAGING & DELIVERY

Experienced packaging personnel at LaMotte Company assure adequate

protectionagainstnormalhazardsencountered in transportationof shipments.

Aftertheproduct leaves the manufacturer,all responsibility for safedelivery is

assured by the transportation company. Damage claims must be filed immediately

withthe transportation company toreceive compensation fordamaged goods.

Shouldit be necessaryto return theinstrument for repairor servicing, packthe

instrument carefully in a suitable container with adequate packing material.

Areturnauthorization number mustbe obtained from LaMotteCompany by

calling1-800-344-3100 or faxing 1-410-778-6394.Attach a letterwith the

authorizationnumber to theshipping cartonwhich describesthereason forthe

return.This informationwill enablethe servicedepartment tomake therequired

repairsmore efficiently.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

Readthe instruction manualbefore attempting tosetup oroperatethis

instrument. Failure to do so could result in personal injury or damage to the

instrument.

The 2020 Turbidimeter should not be stored or used in a

wet or corrosive environment. Care should be taken to

prevent water from wet turbidity tubes from entering the

turbidimeter light chamber.

NEVERPUT WET TUBES INTHE TURBIDIMETER.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Readthelabel on allreagent containers. Some labelsinclude precautionary

noticesand first aid information.Certain reagents areconsidered hazardous

substancesand are designated witha * inthe instruction manual.MaterialSafety

DataSheets (MSDS)are suppliedfor thesereagents.ReadaccompanyingMSDS

beforeusing these reagents. Additionalemergency information forall LaMotte

reagentsis available 24hours aday from thePoison Control Centerlisted inthe

frontof the phonebook.Be prepared tosupply the nameand four digitLaMotte

code number found on the container label or at the top of the MSDS. LaMotte

reagentsare registered withPOISONDEX, a computerizedpoison control

informationsystem availableto alllocalpoison controlcenters.

LIMITS OF LIABILITY

Undernocircumstances shall LaMotte Companybe liable for lossof life,

property,profits, orother damagesincurredthrough theuse ormisuse oftheir

products.

SPECIFICATIONS

Instrument Type Nephelometric turbidity, calibrated in NTU

Range: 0.00 -1100 NTU

Accuracy: .05 or ±2% for readings below 100 NTU, whichever is

greater

±3% above 100 NTU

Resolution: Standard Mode

0.01 from 0.00 -10.99 NTU

0.1 from 11.0 -109.9 NTU

1 from 110 -1100 NTU

EPA Mode

NTU Reported to the nearest NTU

0 - 1.0 0.05

1.0 - 10 0.1

10 - 40 1

40 - 100 5

100 - 400 10

400 - 1000 50

1000 100

Display: 3½ digits

Response Time: 5 seconds

Warm-up time: Not required

Automatic Shut Off: 2 minutes

Lamp: Tungsten Filament bulb (approximate life 800 hours)

Sample: 15 mL in capped tube

Sample Chamber: Accepts 25mm diameter flat-bottomed tubes (capped)

Power source: Battery Operation: 9 Volt Alkaline

Line Operation: 120V/50Hz, 220V/60Hz*, with supplied

adapter

Size (L X W X H): 8.5 x 16.2 x 6.7 cm, 3.4 X 6.4 X 2.6 inches

Shipping Weight: Meter only: 11 oz. (312g)

Kit: 3 lb. 7 oz. (1560g)

Serial Interface: RS232, 8 pin mDIN, 9600b, 8, 1, n

*CE Mark: The devise complies to the product specifications for the Low Voltage Directive

when furnished with the 220V AC Adapter (Code 1774). The 120V AC adapter

is not CE approved.

PARTS & ACCESSORIES

Includedin the Model2020 Turbidity Meter Kit (Code 1799 OR 1799-EX2):

Code Item

26856 2020 Turbidity Meter

1726-110 AC Adapter, 9V (or 1726-220 with 1799-EX2)

1476 AMCOTM 2020 Turbidity Standard, 1.0 NTU, 60 mL

1477 AMCOTM 2020 Turbidity Standard, 10 NTU, 60 mL

0286-4 Turbidity tubes, set of 4

Optional Accessories:

1478 AMCOTM 2020 Turbidity Standard, 100 NTU, 60 mL

1479 AMCOTM 2020 Turbidity Standard, 250 NTU, 60 mL

1800 High Turbidity Dilution Kit includes:

Syringe, Filter Holder, Membrane Filters

0943 Syringe

0598 Filter holder

1103-6 Membrane Filters, 0.45 micron, pkg of 6

5115PS Deionized Water

6195-H Formazin Turbidity Standard, 4000 NTU

EPA COMPLIANCE

This instrument meets or exceeds EPA design

specifications for NPDWR and NPDES turbidity

monitoring programs as specified by the USEPA

method 180.1. There is also a compliance reading

mode which rounds the reading to meet EPA

reportingrequirements.

WARRANTY

This instrument is guaranteed to be free from defects

in material and workmanship for one year from

original purchase date. If within that time the

instrument is found to be defective, it will be repaired

withoutcharge except fortransportation costs.The

guarantee does not cover batteries.

CE COMPLIANCE

The 2020 Turbidimeter has been independently tested

andhas earned the EuropeanCE Mark ofcompliance

forelectromagnetic compatibilityand safety.

WHAT IS TURBIDITY?

Turbidity, cloudiness in water, can be interpreted as an absence of clarity or

brilliance. It is caused by suspended and colloidal matter such as clay, silt, organic

and inorganic matter and microscopic organisms. Turbidityshould notbe

confusedwith color sincea darklycolored water canstill be clearand notturbid.

Turbidwater is often anindicator of conditionsthat could causedamageto

manufacturing equipment. Water clarity is especially important to the producers

of consumer products such as beverage producers, food processors and water

treatment plants. The particulates that cause turbidity may not always be harmful

to human health, but are considered an undesirable characteristic.

Turbidityinindustrial water usedfor boiler and coolingsystems should beaslow

as possible. In boilers, the particles may become concentrated and settle out as a

sludgethat will damageequipment and causefoaming.In coolingwatersystems,

particles can interfere with corrosion inhibitors. Water clarity is improved with

fluid-particle separation processes such as sedimentation, coagulation and

filtration.

In swimming pools, cloudy water is a common problem. The usual causes for poor

waterclarity arecorrosion, improperfiltration and/orimproperly balancedwater.

Analgae condition orsevere chloramine conditioncanalso cloudpoolwater.

Innatural waters,turbidityis anindicator ofquality and productivityand canbe

used to monitor the health of streams and lakes. Turbid water may indicate runoff

from construction, agriculture or other types of pollution. Suspended sediment

can carry nutrients and pesticides throughout the water system. Suspended

particles near the surface absorb additional heat from

sunlight, raising the water temperature and blocking out

the light needed by submerged aquatic vegetation

andbottom dwellingcreatures.

HOW IS TURBIDITY MEASURED?

Lightpassingthrough clear waterwill travel in astraight line. Particlesin turbid

water will cause the light to scatter giving it a “cloudy” appearance. The turbidity

ofa sample isdetermined bymeasuring the amountof scatter whena lightis

passed through a sample. The higher the turbidity, the greater the amount of

scatter.

Turbiditycan be measuredin many ways.Visual methods include,the

comparativemethods, the Secchidisk method andthe Jackson Candlemethod.

Comparativemethods are usedin shallow waterand determine turbidityby

matchingthe turbidityofa watersample toa standard ofknown turbidityeither

witha “target” atthe bottom ofa tube orwith aturbiditycomparator. Inthe

deeperwatersof lakes, ponds,riversand estuaries theSecchi disk is oftenused to

measureturbidity. The Secchidiskis a diskabout eight inchesin diameter thatis

eitherwhite or ismarked with blackand white quadrants.The disk islowered

intothe waterona calibratedline andthe depth isnoted wherethe diskjust

disappears from sight. The disk is then raised until it is visible. The average of

these two distances is known as the “Secchi depth”.

Atwaterworks and wastewatertreatment plantsthe Jackson Candleapparatus

was a standard instrument for measuring turbidities of incoming raw waters and

treated wastewater effluents for many years. The equipment was modified over

timebutoriginally it consistedof a long glasstube supported overa “standard

candle.” Water was added to or removed from the tube until the image of the

candle flame became indistinct. The depth of the water in the tube was read off a

calibratedscale etched intothe side ofthe tube,and results werereported

numericallyas Jackson Turbidity Units (JTU). The lowest turbidity that can be

determinedwiththis method is25Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU). Since

the EPA’sSurface Water Treatmentrequirements statethat,finishwaterfrom

municipaltreatmentplants will have aturbidity less than 1NTU, indirect

methodswere developedto measureturbidity.Turbidimetersarethepreferred

method.

Nephelometers, such as the 2020, are turbidimeters that measure the scattered

lightat90 degrees fromthe light source. Areference beam passesthroughthe

sample and is measured at 180 degrees. The ratio of these two readings is

electronicallyconvertedto a turbiditymeasurementin NTU.

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

OVERVIEW

The 2020 Turbidimeter is a portable, microprocessor controlled nephelometer.

A multi-detector optical configuration assures long term stability and minimizes

straylight and color interferences.All readings aredetermined by theprocessof

signal averaging over a 5 second period, minimizing fluctuations in readings

attributedto large particlesand enabling rapid,repeatablemeasurements. Ithasa

sealedkeypad. The microprocessorenables auto-rangingover thefullrange of0

to1100 NTUandprovides directdigital readoutwith a resolutionof 0.01NTU

forthe lowest range.

The optics feature a tungsten bulb light source with a life expectancy of 800

hours.The light isdetected bya silicon photodiode.

The 2020 is supplied with a 9 volt alkaline battery and an AC power adapter.

A RS-232 serial port on the back of the meter allows an interface of the

turbidimeter with an IBM compatible computer for real time data acquisition and

datastorage using thePC.This portalsoallows an interfacewith a RS-232serial

printer.

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