HP T5720 - Compaq Thin Client Mode d’emploi

HP Sygate Security Agent and Symantec Embedded Security:

Frequently Asked Questions

Question and answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Firewall questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Log files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Intrusion detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

For more information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Question and answers

This paper provides answers to commonly asked questions about the HP Sygate Security Agent and the

Symantec Embedded Security subscription service. Currently, the firewall in Symantec Embedded Security

is the same as in the HP Sygate Security Agent.

Overview

Q: Are thin clients susceptible to viruses or worms?

A: Server Based Computing with HP Compaq Thin Clients is, by nature, less susceptible to virus and

worm attack than a PC with Windows XP Professional. When compared to the traditional

unmanaged PC network model, the HP thin client computing model yields a less vulnerable,

segregated approach to computing with substantially better recovery time, while minimizing total cost

of ownership (TCO).

1. With the HP thin client computing model, your exposure to virus attack on the thin client system is

less than a standard Windows PC. See the white paper titled “Thin Client Virus Vulnerability

Analysis” at http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/c00595181/

c00595181.pdf for more information.

2. The HP thin client computing model utilizes PC blades and/or servers located in the data center.

You can protect and monitor these centralized devices more easily with centrally managed virus

and firewall tools. Compromised resources can be quickly taken offline, or recovered faster and

more cheaply than distributed PC resources.

3. Since no user data resides on the thin client, there is no risk of user data loss due to a virus or

worm on the thin client.

4. If a thin client’s image is compromised or corrupted, the recovery time is typically measured in

minutes instead of hours. You can often perform recovery with a simple reboot of the client.

Additionally, HP follows strict security-centric image design policies and uses the Enhanced Write

Filter to provides a more secure environment for thin-client computing. The Enhanced Write Filter

protects the thin client from undesired flash memory writes (the operating system and functional

software components reside in flash memory). If a thin client does become infected by a virus, a

simple reboot cycle clears the system RAM and returns the client to its original state from the protected

Flash memory.

HP believes the thin client computing model is an effective solution for the security conscious

enterprise. However, the Windows XP Embedded operating system may have vulnerabilities that can

be exploited by the increasingly sophisticated attacks on business networks. To provide further

protection for our customers, HP has partnered with Symantec to deliver industry leading protection

from worms, trojans and viruses.

Q: What does HP deliver in the factory image?

A: The image contains the HP Sygate Security Agent.

Q: What is the free functionality?

A: The HP Sygate Security Agent provides a customizable firewall that helps protect your computer from

intrusion and misuse, whether malicious or unintentional. It detects and identifies known Trojans, port

scans, and other common attacks, and in response selectively allows or blocks the use of various

networking services, applications, ports, and components.

HP Sygate Standalone Agent has the ability to allow or block any port or protocol, inbound or

outbound, by either application or traffic signature. The Agent not only blocks according to these

parameters, but can also link them with logical and/or conditional statements, increasing the scope

and flexibility of polices that you can apply. The Agent can also block and apply policy to custom

protocol adapters, enabling enterprises to use custom network-enabled applications and to block

applications that circumvent the TCP/IP stack with custom protocol adapters.

Q: How can I get signature updates for the Sygate firewall to ensure protection from

the latest threats?

A: Symantec Embedded Security (HP Part Number EL390AA) is available as a subscription service.

Symantec acquired Sygate and has integrated the Sygate firewall into Symantec Embedded Security.

Purchasing the Symantec Embedded Security subscription provides a full year of updates to the

firewall, and additionally provides integrated anti-virus technology, a requirement in many business IT

environments. HP offers leading firewall and antivirus technology from an industry leader: Symantec

Embedded Security.

Q: How can I obtain antivirus support for my thin clients?

A: Symantec Embedded Security (HP Part Number EL390AA) is available as a one year, renewable,

subscription service. With both antivirus and firewall protection, the Symantec Embedded Security

agent provides an industry-leading level of protection for thin clients with Microsoft’s XP embedded

operating system. Symantec acquired Sygate and has integrated the Sygate firewall into Symantec

Embedded Security. Purchasing the Symantec Embedded Security subscription provides a full year of

updates to the firewall, and additionally provides integrated anti-virus technology, a requirement in

many business IT environments. HP offers leading firewall and antivirus technology from an industry

leader: Symantec Embedded Security.

Q: How do I buy Symantec Embedded Security?

A: Symantec Embedded Security (HP Part Number EL390AA) is available direct from HP, or your local

and online resellers. Once purchased, HP will mail you a letter with information on how to download

the latest versions of the Symantec Embedded Security and updates for the antivirus and firewall

components.

Firewall questions

Q: What approach has HP taken to secure my thin client?

A: In addition to following strict security-centric image design policies, HP provides Sygate Firewall

software on all new t57x0 series thin clients with Windows XPe SP2 preinstalled. HP provides

Windows XPe SP2 as a Web deliverable for existing t57x0 series thin clients, which provides end-

users with restricted firewall control and administrators with full agent access privileges to the agent

software.

Q: How is the HP Sygate Security Agent different than Microsoft Windows Firewall?

A: HP Sygate Security Agent is a stateful or dynamic firewall, while the Microsoft Windows Firewall is

primarily static. A stateful firewall can selectively enable a specific port for outbound traffic for a

specific application, and it can dynamically react and allow incoming traffic on that port to reach the

application with outbound rights. A static firewall would enable the port, and then any application

could use it. A stateful firewall is more secure. HP Sygate Security Agent is a much more feature-rich

software package that gives you more tools to provide a secure environment. As a stateful firewall,

Sygate provides the ability to define inbound ports specific to an application, which offers

administrators additional control over network traffic. HP Sygate Security Agent also has the ability to

define which application has outbound access to the network.

Q: What is the difference between a whitelist and a blacklist approach?

A: The HP Sygate Security Agent uses a “whitelist” approach. In a whitelist environment, only network

traffic for known, listed programs is allowed. A blacklist environment allows all traffic except what is

known to be harmful. HP knows every program it installs on its thin clients; therefore, you only update

additions you make to HP thin clients.

The following table compares the advantages of the whitelist and blacklist policies:

Q: What viruses, worms, or vulnerabilities will HP Sygate Security Agent block?

A: Both Microsoft Windows Firewall and HP Sygate Security Agent prevent worm attacks such as Blaster

and Sasser; however, only HP Sygate Security Agent has the ability to help stop propagation to other

systems due to the whitelist approach which allows only known, listed programs to access the

network.

Assessing your vulnerability to an attack is one of the most important steps that you can take to

ensure that your system is protected from possible intruders. The information from this assessment can

help you set the various options on your Agent to protect your system from attack. The Sygate Online

Services (SOS) scanner scans your computer and attempts to determine your IP address, operating

system, Web browser, and other information about your system. You can then choose one of the

following more focused scans:

• Quick Scan: Encompasses several scanning processes to perform a brief, general scan. It

usually takes 20 seconds or less to accurately scan your devices ports, protocols, services,

and possible Trojans. It records the results in the Agent Security Log.

• Stealth Scan: Uses specialized stealthing techniques that mimic portions of legitimate com-

puter communication to detect the presence of a computer. The Stealth scan takes about 20

seconds to complete and is most likely not recorded in the Security Log.

Policy Advantages Disadvantages

Blacklist Firewall

Policy

•Building and managing a firewall policy can be a

time-consuming and frustrating process for both

the administrators and the users. A firewall with a

default blacklist can be installed without first

defining a security policy for access through the

firewall.

•With a default blacklist policy, it is possible to

quickly install a firewall without a significant

amount of up-front security competency required

by the installers.

•It is more prone to allow undesired

behavior and security policy

violations, such as reverse-tunnels,

trojans, worms, and similar

attacks.

•It is difficult to switch from a default

blacklist to a whitelist model.

Whitelist Firewall

Policy

•Greater security because only known services

and network activities are allowed by default. This

minimizes the effectiveness of trojans, viruses, and

worms that use unknown, unlisted programs.

•It is easy to switch a default whitelist firewall to a

blacklist firewall.

•Installing a whitelist firewall takes more up-front

time, because you must determine the list of what

to allow through the firewall before it is installed

and functional.

•Managing a whitelist firewall

policy is more time consuming in a

network with actively changing

needs and demands.

•It can be a frustrating to users

because they have to request

access to services, rather than

having access by default.

• Trojan Scan: Scans all of a device’s 65,535 ports for active Trojan horse programs that you

or someone else may have inadvertently downloaded. The Trojan scan takes about 10 min-

utes to complete. A list of common Trojans is available on the Sygate Web site.

• TCP Scan: Examines the 1,024 ports that are mainly reserved for TCP services, such as

instant messaging services, to see if these ports are open to communication. Open ports can

indicate a dangerous security hole that malicious hackers can exploit.

• UDP Scan: Uses various methods and protocols to probe for open ports utilizing UDP. The

UDP scan will scan ports on your device that are connected to devices such as routers and

proxies for users connecting to the Web site through such a device. The scan takes about 10

minutes and should be logged in the Security Log as a port scan from Sygate.

• ICMP Scan: Scans a user’s device and displays a page with the results of the scan. If a user

is running the Agent, all scans are blocked.

Q: How do I use the SOS scanner?

A: To perform the SOS scan, log in as an administrator and perform the following steps:

1. Double-click the Sygate icon to launch the HP Sygate Security Agent GUI.

2. Select Tools > Test Your System Security to automatically launch Internet Explorer and links

to SOS at http://scan.sygate.com.

3. From the Sygate site, select the tests you want to perform.

Q: Which inbound and outbound ports has HP allowed?

A: The following table provides detailed information about ports:

Inbound/outbound port table

Application TCP ports allowed UDP ports allowed

Remote ports

NT Kernel & System (ntoskrnl.exe) 1723 53, 67, 68, 123, 137, 138

NDIS User Mode I/O Driver (ndisuio.sys) 53, 67, 68, 123, 137, 138

TCP/IP Protocol Driver (tcpip.sys) 53, 67, 68, 123, 137, 138

IPv6 Driver (tcpip6.sys) 53, 67, 68, 123, 137, 138

NWLINK2 IPX Protocol Driver (nwlnkipx.sys) 53, 67, 68, 123, 137, 138

Internet Explorer (iexplore.exe) 20, 21, 22, 80, 443,

8080, 8000

Windows Media Player (wmplayer.exe) 20, 21, 22, 80, 443,

8080, 8000

FTP Application (ftp.exe) 20, 21, 22, 80, 443,

8080, 8000

Remote Desktop Application (mstsc.exe) 1380, 3360 - 4020 1024 - 4900

Q: What is the HP Sygate Policy Editor and what does it do?

A: An administrator-only tool that runs on a Microsoft Windows PC, not on a thin client. HP Sygate

Policy Editor allows the administrator to customize the security rules for the clients.

Remote Desktop Clip Board Monitor (rdpclip.exe) 1000 - 2000

Windows Messenger (msmsgs.exe) 1863, 6901, 8080, 8000,

80, 443, 6801

1900, 6801, 6901

Altiris (aclient.exe, aclntusr.exe) All All

All 402

Citrix Metaframe (wfica32.exe, pn.exe) 2598, 1494. 80, 8080,

8000, 443, 2512, 2513

1604, 1494

TeemNT (teemnt.exe) 23, 515

Generic Host Process for Win32 Services

(svchost.exe)

389, 1025 - 1030 53, 123, 389

Microsoft Management Console (mmc.exe) 389, 1025 - 1030

Windows NT Logon Application (winlogon.exe) 389, 1025 - 1030

LSA Shell (lsass.exe) 1025 - 1030 53, 123, 389

Spooler Subsystem App (spoolsv.exe) 515

SNMP Service (snmp.exe) 1029

Microsoft HTML Help Executable (hh.exe) 80

XP Prep System Tool (xpeprep.exe) 21, 1000 - 5000

Local ports

All 402

Generic Host Process for Win32 Services

(svchost.exe)

3360 - 4020

Protocols

ICMP (0, 3, 8)

IGMP IP Type 2

Inbound/outbound port table

Application TCP ports allowed UDP ports allowed

Q: Where do I obtain the HP Sygate Policy Editor?

A: The HP Sygate Policy Editor is available on the HP Help and Support Web site in standard Softpaq

format.

Q: Is there a fee associated with the HP Sygate Policy Editor?

A: No, the HP Sygate Policy Editor is provided to all customers at no charge.

Q: Who do I contact for technical support on the HP Sygate Policy Editor?

A: For HP and Compaq products, call 800-HP Invent (800-474-6836).

Q: How do I modify the ports against the applications already specified by HP?

A: To modify the HP default Sygate security settings on a single thin client:

1. Log on as Administrator.

2. Right-click on the Sygate systray icon.

3. Select Advanced Rules.

To modify security settings on multiple units, download the HP Sygate Policy Editor from the HP

Service and Support Web site and follow the included instructions.

Q: Is there a limitation to which ports and/or applications that I can add?

A: No. By using the HP Sygate Policy Editor, you can configure a policy to specifically fit your network

environment.

Q: What if my application uses a range of ports?

A: You can easily allow a range or set of ports when creating a rule with the provided HP Sygate Policy

Editor.

Q: Can I or do I need to specify whether my application uses UDP or TCP?

A: Though it is not required when creating a rule, narrowing down a given application to a specific type

of traffic is ideal in a secure network environment. Sygate supports individual blocking of TCP, UDP,

ICMP, or all protocols for inbound or outbound traffic.

Q: Is there a risk to opening all ports for an application?

A: Yes. Although only the application specified in a rule may use the given port range, the more ports

available to a given application, the less secure it becomes.

Q: Is there a limit to the number of rules I can add?

A: There is currently no limit to the number of rules that you can create.

Q: Is there a list of well-known ports and their respective applications?

A: A list of common port assignments is available on the Web at http://www.iana.org/assignments/

port-numbers. In addition, you can use freeware tool port scanners to determine which ports are in

use on the system and which applications are using ports.

Log files

Q: How do I view the log files while at the thin client?

A: A log viewer is built into the Sygate Agent on every system. To access this functionality,

1. Log in as Administrator.

2. Right-click the Sygate icon in the system tray.

3. Select Logs.

Q: How do I retrieve the log files remotely?

A: You can save log files only to the local default location. You cannot currently remotely store log files to

a network share.

Q: What does the log file reveal?

A: HP Sygate Security Agent includes four different log files:

• Security log: Tracks any security-related events that may occur. DOS attacks and port scans

are examples of these events.

• Traffic log: Tracks all network traffic into and out of the thin client. Ports, IP addresses, and

applications are tracked here.

• System log: Tracks system events such as the Sygate loading errors or various system errors.

• Packet log: Provides a much more detailed version of the traffic log. This log is disabled by

default and is best enabled and used for troubleshooting purposes.

Q: How do I know that a port or application has been blocked?

A: When an application tries to access the network and is blocked, the user will see a pop-up message

in the lower right corner of the screen. Click on this message to open the log viewer, and then point to

the entry detailing the blocked traffic.

Q: What should I do when an application is blocked?

A: Contact your network administrator. In some cases, you will receive warnings about traffic that was

intentionally blocked. If the blocked traffic causes a loss of functionality, you may need to change

your default policy using the Policy Editor.

Intrusion detection

Q: What is the functionality of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?

A: An IDS detects and identifies known Trojans, port scans, and other common attacks, and selectively

enables or blocks the use of various networking services, ports, and components. The agent also

provides deep packet inspection, further enhanced intrusion detection and prevention capabilities,

including alerts when another user attempts to compromise your system. The end result is a system

that analyzes network packets and compares them with known attacks and known behavioral

patterns of attack, and then intelligently blocks the malicious attacks.

Q: How do I deploy modified policies with Altiris?

A: To deploy modified policies to terminals, perform the following:

• See question “How do I modify the ports against the applications already specified by HP?”

on page 8 to make policy updates.

• See question “Are there best practices for automating deployment?” on page 10 for instruc-

tions on deploying the updates.

• See question “How do I make IDS files persistent?” on page 10 for instructions on retaining

policy updates across reboots.

Q: Are there best practices for automating deployment?

A: Example scripts for Altiris remote deployment are available as a Softpaq for the general public with

the Policy Editor.

Q: How do I make IDS files persistent?

A: Using the script with the IDS Softpaq will allow the administrator to make IDS files persistent. To

manually configure the files, the administrator must disable the enhanced write filter (EWF). For

additional information about the EWF, please refer to the Using the Enhanced Write Filter white

paper at:

http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/c00101105/c00101105.pdf

For more information

For additional information about HP Compaq t5000 thin clients, refer to the following:

http://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/thinclients/index_t5000.html

only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and

services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or

editorial errors or omissions contained herein.

Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries.

382993-003, 3/2006

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