HP 50G Manuel utilisateur

HPg graphing calculator

user’s guide

Edition 1

HP part number F2229AA-90006

Notice

THIS MANUAL AND ANY EXAMPLES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE

PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT

NOTICE. HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY

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HEWLETT-PACKARD CO. SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY ERRORS

OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN

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OF THIS MANUAL OR THE EXAMPLES CONTAINED HEREIN.

Reproduction, adaptation, or translation of this manual is prohibited without

prior written permission of Hewlett-Packard Company, except as allowed under

the copyright laws.

Hewlett-Packard Company

16399 West Bernardo Drive

MS 8-600

San Diego, CA 92127-1899

USA

Printing History

Edition 1 April 2006

Preface

You have in your hands a compact symbolic and numerical computer that will

facilitate calculation and mathematical analysis of problems in a variety of

disciplines, from elementary mathematics to advanced engineering and science

subjects. Although referred to as a calculator, because of its compact format

resembling typical hand-held calculating devices, the HP 50g should be

thought of as a graphics/programmable hand-held computer.

The HP 50g can be operated in two different calculating modes, the Reverse

Polish Notation (RPN) mode and the Algebraic (ALG) mode (see page 1-13 for

additional details). The RPN mode was incorporated into calculators to make

calculations more efficient. In this mode, the operands in an operation (e.g., ‘2’

and ‘3’ in the operation ‘2+3’) are entered into the calculator screen, referred

to as the stack, and then the operator (e.g., ‘+’ in the operation ‘2+3’) is

entered to complete the operation. The ALG mode, on the other hand, mimics

the way you type arithmetic expressions in paper. Thus, the operation ‘2+3’, in

ALG mode, will be entered in the calculator by pressing the keys ‘2’, ‘+’, and

‘3’, in that order. To complete the operation we use the ENTER key. Examples

of applications of the different functions and operations in this calculator are

illustrated in this user’s guide in both modes.

This guide contains examples that illustrate the use of the basic calculator

functions and operations. The chapters are organized by subject in order of

difficulty. Starting with the setting of calculator modes and display options, and

continuing with real and complex number calculations, operations with lists,

vectors, and matrices, detailed examples of graph applications, use of strings,

basic programming, graphics programming, string manipulation, advanced

calculus and multivariate calculus applications, advanced differential equations

applications (including Laplace transform, and Fourier series and transforms),

and probability and statistic applications.

For symbolic operations the calculator includes a powerful Computer Algebraic

System (CAS) that lets you select different modes of operation, e.g., complex

numbers vs. real numbers, or exact (symbolic) vs. approximate (numerical)

mode. The display can be adjusted to provide textbook-type expressions,

which can be useful when working with matrices, vectors, fractions,

summations, derivatives, and integrals. The high-speed graphics of the

calculator produce complex figures in very little time.

Thanks to the infrared port, the RS232 port, and the USB port and cable

provided with your calculator, you can connect your calculator with other

calculators or computers. This allows for fast and efficient exchange of

programs and data with other calculators or computers. The calculator

provides a flash memory card port to facilitate storage and exchange of data

with other users.

The programming capabilities of the calculator allow you or other users to

develop efficient applications for specific purposes. Whether it is advanced

mathematical applications, specific problem solution, or data logging, the

programming languages available in your calculator make it into a very

versatile computing device.

We hope your calculator will become a faithful companion for your school and

professional applications.

Page TOC-1

Table of contents

Chapter 1 - Getting started ,1-1

Basic Operations ,1-1

Batteries ,1-1

Turning the calculator on and off ,1-2

Adjusting the display contrast ,1-2

Contents of the calculator’s display ,1-2

Menus ,1-3

SOFT menus vs. CHOOSE boxes ,1-4

Selecting SOFT menus or CHOOSE boxes ,1-5

The TOOL menu ,1-7

Setting time and date ,1-7

Introducing the calculator’s keyboard ,1-11

Selecting calculator modes ,1-12

Operating Mode ,1-13

Number Format and decimal dot or comma ,1-17

Angle Measure ,1-23

Coordinate System ,1-24

Beep, Key Click, and Last Stack ,1-25

Selecting CAS settings ,1-26

Selecting Display modes ,1-27

Selecting the display font ,1-27

Selecting properties of the line editor ,1-28

Selecting properties of the Stack ,1-28

Selecting properties of the equation writer (EQW) ,1-29

Selecting the size of the header ,1-30

Selecting the clock display ,1-30

Page TOC-2

Chapter 2 - Introducing the calculator ,2-1

Calculator objects ,2-1

Editing expressions on the screen ,2-3

Creating arithmetic expressions ,2-3

Editing arithmetic expressions ,2-6

Creating algebraic expressions ,2-7

Editing algebraic expressions ,2-8

Using the Equation Writer (EQW) to create expressions ,2-10

Creating arithmetic expressions ,2-11

Editing arithmetic expressions ,2-17

Creating algebraic expressions ,2-19

Editing algebraic expressions ,2-21

Creating and editing summations, derivatives, and integrals ,2-29

Organizing data in the calculator ,2-33

Functions for manipulation of variables ,2-34

The HOME directory ,2-35

The CASDIR sub-directory ,2-35

Typing directory and variable names ,2-37

Creating subdirectories ,2-39

Moving among subdirectories ,2-43

Deleting subdirectories ,2-43

Variables ,2-47

Creating variables ,2-47

Checking variables contents ,2-52

Replacing the contents of variables ,2-55

Copying variables ,2-56

Reordering variables in a directory ,2-59

Moving variables using the FILES menu ,2-60

Deleting variables ,2-61

UNDO and CMD functions ,2-62

Flags ,2-64

Example of flag setting: general solutions vs. principal value ,2-65

Page TOC-3

Other flags of interest ,2-66

CHOOSE boxes vs. Soft MENU ,2-67

Selected CHOOSE boxes ,2-69

Chapter 3 - Calculation with real numbers ,3-1

Checking calculators settings ,3-1

Checking calculator mode ,3-2

Real number calculations ,3-2

Changing sign of a number, variable, or expression ,3-3

The inverse function ,3-3

Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division ,3-3

Using parentheses ,3-4

Absolute value function ,3-4

Squares and square roots ,3-5

Powers and roots ,3-5

Base-10 logarithms and powers of 10 ,3-5

Using powers of 10 in entering data ,3-6

Natural logarithms and exponential function ,3-6

Trigonometric functions ,3-6

Inverse trigonometric functions ,3-6

Differences between functions and operators ,3-7

Real number functions in the MTH menu ,3-7

Hyperbolic functions and their inverses ,3-9

Real number functions ,3-11

Special functions ,3-14

Calculator constants ,3-16

Operations with units ,3-17

The UNITS menu ,3-17

Available units ,3-19

Converting to base units ,3-22

Attaching units to numbers ,3-23

Operations with units ,3-25

Units manipulation tools ,3-27

Page TOC-4

Physical constants in the calculator ,3-29

Special physical functions ,3-32

Function ZFACTOR ,3-32

Function F0λ,3-33

Function SIDENS ,3-33

Function TDELTA ,3-33

Function TINC ,3-34

Defining and using functions ,3-34

Functions defined by more than one expression ,3-36

The IFTE function ,3-36

Combined IFTE functions ,3-37

Chapter 4 - Calculations with complex numbers ,4-1

Definitions ,4-1

Setting the calculator to COMPLEX mode ,4-1

Entering complex numbers ,4-2

Polar representation of a complex number ,4-3

Simple operations with complex numbers ,4-4

Changing sign of a complex number ,4-5

Entering the unit imaginary number ,4-5

The CMPLX menus ,4-5

CMPLX menu through the MTH menu ,4-6

CMPLX menu in keyboard ,4-7

Functions applied to complex numbers ,4-8

Functions from the MTH menu ,4-9

Function DROITE: equation of a straight line ,4-9

Chapter 5 - Algebraic and arithmetic operations ,5-1

Entering algebraic objects ,5-1

Simple operations with algebraic objects ,5-1

Functions in the ALG menu ,5-3

COLLECT ,5-4

EXPAND ,5-4

Page TOC-5

FACTOR ,5-5

LNCOLLECT ,5-5

LIN ,5-5

PARTFRAC ,5-5

SOLVE ,5-5

SUBST ,5-5

TEXPAND ,5-5

Other forms of substitution in algebraic expressions ,5-6

Operations with transcendental functions ,5-7

Expansion and factoring using log-exp functions ,5-7

Expansion and factoring using trigonometric functions ,5-8

Functions in the ARITHMETIC menu ,5-9

DIVIS!,5-9

FACTORS ,5-9

LGCD!,5-10

PROPFRAC ,5-10

SIMP2 ,5-10

INTEGER menu ,5-10

POLYNOMIAL menu ,5-10

MODULO menu ,5-11

Applications of the ARITHMETIC menu ,5-12

Modular arithmetic ,5-12

Finite arithmetic rings in the calculator ,5-14

Polynomials ,5-17

Modular arithmetic with polynomials ,5-17

The CHINREM function ,5-17

The EGCD function ,5-18

The GCD function ,5-18

The HERMITE function ,5-18

The HORNER function ,5-19

The variable VX ,5-19

The LAGRANGE function ,5-19

The LCM function ,5-20

The LEGENDRE function ,5-20

The PCOEF function ,5-21

Page TOC-6

The PROOT function ,5-21

The PTAYL function ,5-21

The QUOT and REMAINDER functions ,5-21

The EPSX0 function and the CAS variable EPS ,5-22

The PEVAL function ,5-22

The TCHEBYCHEFF function ,5-22

Fractions ,5-23

The SIMP2 function ,5-23

The PROPFRAC function ,5-23

The PARTFRAC function ,5-23

The FCOEF function ,5-24

The FROOTS function ,5-24

Step-by-step operations with polynomials and fractions ,5-25

The CONVERT Menu and algebraic operations ,5-26

UNITS convert menu (Option 1) ,5-26

BASE convert menu (Option 2) ,5-27

TRIGONOMETRIC convert menu (Option 3) ,5-27

MATRICES convert menu (Option 5) ,5-27

REWRITE convert menu (Option 4) ,5-27

Chapter 6 - Solution to single equations ,6-1

Symbolic solution of algebraic equations ,6-1

Function ISOL ,6-1

Function SOLVE ,6-2

Function SOLVEVX ,6-3

Function ZEROS ,6-4

Numerical solver menu ,6-5

Polynomial Equations ,6-6

Financial calculations ,6-9

Solving equations with one unknown through NUM.SLV ,6-13

The SOLVE soft menu ,6-26

The ROOT sub-menu ,6-26

Function ROOT ,6-26

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