Garmin GNC 420 Manuel utilisateur

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190-00643-00 REV. A

400/500 SERIES FDE PREDICTION INSTRUCTIONS

NOTE: These instructions assume the user has experience operating the applicable 400/500 Series Unit and is familiar with the

operation of RAIM. The ﬁgures in this addendum are derived from the 400/500 Series units. The information in this document

applies to all 400/500 units unless otherwise stated.

FAULT DETECTION AND EXCLUSION (FDE)

The GARMIN 400/500 Series Main and GPS Software version 3.00 and higher (Figure 1) incorporate Fault Detection and

Exclusion (FDE) display interface and control, satisfying the requirements for “GPS as a Primary Means of Navigation for Oceanic/

Remote Operations” per FAA Notice N8110.60.

FDE consists of two distinct parts, fault detection and fault exclusion. The fault detection part detects the presence of an

unacceptably large pseudorange error (and presumably, position error) for a given mode of ﬂight. Upon the detection, fault

exclusion follows and excludes the source of the unacceptably large pseudorange error, thereby allowing navigation to return to

normal performance without an interruption in service. To enhance safety, FDE functionality is provided for other phases of ﬂight

(non-precision approach, terminal, en route). The FDE functionality for non-oceanic ﬂight phases adheres to the same missed alert

probability, false alert probability, and failed exclusion probability speciﬁed by N8110.60.

The following 400/500 Series Units are affected:

• GPS 400

• GNC 420/420A

• GNS 430/430A

• GPS 500 (TAWS)

• GNS 530/530A (TAWS)

Figure 1. Software Version Screen

PRE-DEPARTURE VERIFICATION OF FDE

An FDE prediction must be performed prior to departure for a ﬂight plan involving:

• Oceanic/Remote operation where GPS is to be the sole source of navigation per FAA Notice 8110.60

• U.S. Area Navigation (RNAV) routes, Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs), or Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) if a

NOTAM indicates a GPS satellite (or satellites) is scheduled to be out-of-service, per FAA AC 90-100 “U.S. Terminal and En Route

Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations”

Prior to departure, the operator must use the FDE Prediction Program supplied with the 400/500 Trainer Software to

demonstrate that there are no outages in the capability to navigate on the speciﬁed route of ﬂight (the FDE Prediction Program

determines whether the GPS constellation is robust enough to provide a navigation solution for the speciﬁed route of ﬂight).

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FDE PREDICTION PROGRAM

Your 400/500 Series Trainer software includes an FDE Prediction Program to meet the requirements for GPS as a primary means

of navigation for oceanic/remote operations (reference FAA Notice 8110.60). The oceanic ﬂight phase occurs on your 400/500

Series unit when you are more than 200 nautical miles from the nearest airport. All operators using the 400/500 Series unit as

primary means of navigation in oceanic/remote areas under FAR parts 91, 121, 125 and 135 must utilize the FDE Prediction

Program prior to conducting a ﬂight in these areas.

All operators must also utilize the FDE Prediction Program prior to navigation on U.S. RNAV routes, SIDs, and STARs if a

NOTAM indicates a GPS satellite (or satellites) is scheduled to be out-of-service (reference FAA AC 90-100).

FDE is an acronym for Fault Detection and Exclusion. The detection function refers to the capability to detect a satellite failure

which can affect navigation. The exclusion function refers to the capability to exclude one or more failed satellites and prevent them

from affecting navigation. The FDE function is built into the 400/500 Series unit and does not require pilot interaction. In contrast,

the FDE Prediction Program does require pilot interaction and must be used prior to oceanic/remote area ﬂights, and for U.S. RNAV

routes, SIDs, and STARs to predict FDE availability. The FDE Prediction Program allows you to specify the planned ground speed,

route space, and maximum allowable outage. When provided through NOTAM or other sources, satellites with known failures can

be excluded through the program's setup function.

To use the FDE Prediction Program, begin by entering the intended ﬂight plan into the 400/500 Series Trainer software. The

FDE Prediction Program uses this information to analyze satellite coverage along your intended route of ﬂight.

To create a ﬂight plan prior to using the FDE Prediction Program:

1. With the 400/500 Series Trainer running and the simulated

400/500 Series unit

on, click on the unit’s FPL button to display the ﬂight

plan pages.

2. Click on the clockwise arrow of the unit's small right knob to display the list of saved ﬂight plans.

3. Click on the unit's MENU button, then click on the clockwise arrow of the unit's large right knob to highlight "Create New Flight

Plan?". Click on the unit's ENT button to begin creating a new ﬂight plan.

4. Use the unit's small and large right knobs to enter the identiﬁer of the ﬁrst ﬂight plan waypoint. Click on the unit's ENT button once

the identiﬁer for the desired waypoint is displayed.

5. Repeat step #4 to enter each additional ﬂight plan waypoint, ending at the ﬁnal destination airport.

Prior to running the FDE Prediction Program, the ﬂight plan created in the preceding steps needs to be activated. The FDE

Prediction Program only works with the currently active ﬂight plan.

To activate a saved ﬂight plan:

1. With the 400/500 Series Trainer running and the simulated

400/500 Series unit on, click on the unit’s FPL button to display

the ﬂight plan pages.

2. Click on the clockwise arrow of the unit's small right knob to

display the list of saved ﬂight plans.

3. Click on the unit's small right knob to enable the cursor, then click

on the clockwise arrow of the large right knob to highlight the

desired saved route.

4. Click on the unit's MENU button, then click on the clockwise

arrow of the unit's large right knob to highlight "Activate Flight

Plan?". Click on the unit's ENT button to activate the ﬂight plan.

The active ﬂight plan page will be displayed (Figure 2).

190-00643-00 REV. A

Figure 2. Active Flight Plan Page

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To run the FDE Prediction Program:

1. With the 400/500 Series Trainer running, the simulated

400/500 unit

on, and the desired ﬂight plan active, select the ‘Options’ menu

in the upper left corner (Figure 2).

2. Select ‘Fde Prediction Program’. The FDE Prediction Program window will appear (Figure 3), listing the ﬂight plan waypoints and the

current time as the departure time.

Figure 3. FDE Prediction Window

3. To change the departure date, click on the down arrow adjacent to the ‘Date (UTC)’ ﬁeld. A calendar window appears. Click on the left

or right arrows to select a different month (if desired), then click on the desired date.

4. To change the departure time, click on the hours, minutes or seconds ﬁelds adjacent to the ‘Time (UTC)’ ﬁeld. Click on the up or down

arrows to change the displayed time.

5. To change the planned ground speed, route space or maximum allowed outage, click on the ‘Setup button’. A setup window is

displayed (Figure 4). Click on the ﬁeld for the desired item, then enter the desired value.

Figure 4. Flight Setup Window

NOTE:Although the Flight Setup window refers to Oceanic Phase of Flight, the prediction will be correct even when Route Space

of 1 or 2 NM is selected for U.S. RNAV routes, SIDs, or STARs.

190-00643-00 REV. A

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6. To deselect satellites from the setup window, click on ‘De-select Satellites’, then click on the box adjacent to any satellite you do not

wish to use. A satellite is deselected when a check mark does not appear in the box adjacent to that satellite (Figure 5).

Figure 5. Selected Satellites Window

NOTE: Satellites that are unavailable will be ‘greyed-out’, with no check marks. Satellites labeled as ‘Poor Health’ will default to

unchecked status.

Figure 6. Almanac Warning

NOTE: To ensure accuracy of results, the almanac data used for FDE prediction needs to be recent. If the information is out of

date, the FDE Prediction Program will automatically prompt you to update the almanac data (Figure 6). An internet connection

is required to use this feature (see following instructions).

190-00643-00 REV. A

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7. To calculate FDE availability, select the ‘Calculate’ button from the main FDE Prediction Program window (Figure 3). A ‘Calculation is

complete’ message will appear when the FDE prediction is complete (Figure 7).

Figure 7. Calculation Complete Screen

8. The Calculation Results window (Figure 8) appears after clicking the OK button on the ‘Calculation is complete’ message screen. The

results can be viewed, or printed for later reference.

Figure 8. Calculations Results Window

To view FDE Prediction Program results:

1. Select the View menu from the main FDE Prediction Program window (the results also appear automatically after clicking the OK

button on the ‘Calculation is complete’ message screen).

2. Select Results. A window will appear, showing the calculation results (Figure 8).

3. To print the calculation results, click on the Print button.

NOTE: The ‘FDE is available for this route’ result must be displayed for Oceanic, and U.S. RNAV routes, SIDs, or STARs navigation

in compliance with FAA Notice N8110.60 and FAA AC 90-100.

To manually update almanac data:

1. Select the Help menu from the main FDE Prediction Program window (Figure 3).

2. Select Update Alamanac. The program will automatically search the internet and download the most recent data.

190-00643-00 REV. A

Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries

c/o Garmin International, Inc.

1200 East 151st Street

Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.

Garmin (Europe) Ltd.

Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey, SO51 9AQ, U.K.

Garmin Corporation

No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan

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