Electron Dynamics TC M series Manuel utilisateur

TC M-Series Temperature Controllers V1.08

Electron Dynamics Ltd, Kingsbury House, Kingsbury Road, Bevois Valley, Southampton, SO 4 OJT

Tel: +44 (0) 2380 480 800 Fax: +44 (0) 2380 480 80 e-mail support@electrondynamics.co.uk

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

Index

Introduction..............................................................................................................................

2 Controller Functions................................................................................................................2

2. Sensor measurement.....................................................................................................2

2.2 CPU ................................................................................................................................2

2.3 Output driver...................................................................................................................2

2.4 Communications.............................................................................................................2

2.5 Power..............................................................................................................................2

3 Connections.............................................................................................................................3

3. PT 00 Measurements....................................................................................................3

3.2 PT 000 Measurements..................................................................................................3

3.3 Voltage sensor measurements.....................................................................................3

3.4 NTC thermistors .............................................................................................................3

3.5 Other temperature sensors............................................................................................4

3.6 TEC connection..............................................................................................................4

3.7 Power connection...........................................................................................................4

3.8 Alarm output ...................................................................................................................4

3.9 Inhibit ..............................................................................................................................4

3. 0 USB.................................................................................................................................4

3. PCB Connector / Link positions...................................................................................4

4 LED Status...............................................................................................................................5

5 Thermal Issues........................................................................................................................5

5. Sensor Selection ............................................................................................................5

5.2 Thermal Assembly .........................................................................................................5

5.2. Heat sink size........................................................................................................5

5.3 Thermal Conduction.......................................................................................................5

5.4 Peltier Size .....................................................................................................................6

5.5 Drive Limit.......................................................................................................................6

5.6 Important stability issues ...............................................................................................6

6 Temperature Controlling .........................................................................................................6

6. Off mode.........................................................................................................................6

6.2 On/Off control .................................................................................................................6

6.3 PID Control .....................................................................................................................7

6.4 Tuning the PID parameters............................................................................................7

6.5 Temperature test mode..................................................................................................7

6.6 Relay Feedback – Autotuning .......................................................................................8

6.7 Ziegler - Nichols open loop – step response ..............................................................8

6.8 Ziegler - Nichols closed loop – ultimate gain method.................................................8

7 Graphical User Interface.........................................................................................................8

7. Pull Down Menus ...........................................................................................................9

7. . File Menu...............................................................................................................9

7. .2 Port ........................................................................................................................9

7. .3 Help........................................................................................................................9

7.2 Control ............................................................................................................................9

7.2. Type.......................................................................................................................9

7.2.2 None ......................................................................................................................9

7.2.3 On/Off ....................................................................................................................9

7.2.4 Proportional......................................................................................................... 0

7.2.5 Integral................................................................................................................. 0

7.2.6 Derivative............................................................................................................. 0

7.2.7 Derivative Filter ................................................................................................... 0

7.2.8 Dead band........................................................................................................... 0

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

7.2.9 Power Up State ................................................................................................... 0

7.3 Set point........................................................................................................................ 0

7.3. Method................................................................................................................. 0

7.3.2 Pot Range............................................................................................................

7.3.3 Pot Offset.............................................................................................................

7.3.4 PC Set Point........................................................................................................

7.3.5 Control .................................................................................................................

7.3.6 Output ..................................................................................................................

7.4 Sensor ..........................................................................................................................

7.4. Type.....................................................................................................................

7.4.2 X2, X, C Coefficients...........................................................................................

7.4.3 NTC thermistors .................................................................................................. 2

7.4.4 Units..................................................................................................................... 2

7.5 Output ........................................................................................................................... 2

7.5. Polarity................................................................................................................. 2

7.5.2 Minimum .............................................................................................................. 2

7.5.3 Maximum ............................................................................................................. 2

7.5.4 Frequency............................................................................................................ 2

7.6 Alarms........................................................................................................................... 2

7.6. Minimum Alarm ................................................................................................... 2

7.6.2 Maximum Alarm .................................................................................................. 2

7.6.3 Minimum OK Temperature ................................................................................. 2

7.6.4 Maximum Temperature....................................................................................... 2

7.6.5 Operational temperature max (Only available on certain GUI)......................... 2

7.6.6 Maximum Temperature (Only available on certain GUI)............................... 2

7.7 Report ........................................................................................................................... 3

7.7. Set point .............................................................................................................. 3

7.7.2 Temperature........................................................................................................ 3

7.7.3 Control ................................................................................................................. 3

7.7.4 Output .................................................................................................................. 3

7.7.5 Alarms.................................................................................................................. 3

7.7.6 Faults ................................................................................................................... 3

7.7.7 Temperature OK ................................................................................................. 3

7.8 Reading and Setting Parameters ................................................................................ 3

7.8. Read Button ........................................................................................................ 3

7.8.2 Write Button......................................................................................................... 3

7.9 Figure TC M series Temperature Controller GUI (Java)............................................ 4

7. 0 C++ GUI........................................................................................................................ 4

7. 0. Additional features .............................................................................................. 4

7. 0.2 Data Logging....................................................................................................... 5

7. 0.3 C++ GUI .............................................................................................................. 5

8 Communication Protocol....................................................................................................... 5

9 Specification TC M Series ............................................................................................... 6

9. Supply........................................................................................................................... 6

9.2 Output ........................................................................................................................... 6

9.3 Control .......................................................................................................................... 6

9.4 Set point........................................................................................................................ 6

9.5 Alarm............................................................................................................................. 6

9.6 Sensor .......................................................................................................................... 6

9.7 Measurement Accuraccy ............................................................................................. 6

9.8 User .............................................................................................................................. 6

9.9 Format .......................................................................................................................... 6

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

0 Sources of Information ..................................................................................................... 7

There is a lot of information on the internet with some of it relevant have a look at these -...... 7

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

1 Introduction

Our TC M series of Temperature Controllers are designed for use with thermoelectric coolers also known as

TEC’s or Peltier devices. These offer precise temperature control from –200 ºC to 00ºC at up to 0.00 ºC

stability. Our controller can be setup or controlled from a PC via USB this allows access to output limits,

PID terms, deviation alarms and operating modes.

A typical use for any precise temperature control system would be with laser diodes, infrared detection,

high gain amplifiers and cold plate assemblies.

The TC M series temperature controller is suitable for controlling single and multiple TEC arrays. It provides

a pulse width modulated output which effective provides a continuously variable output for cooling and

heating.

It is programmable from a PC allowing configuration and tuning to meet system requirements. This

configuration data is stored internally allowing standalone operation once programmed. Its interface and

command set allow the unit to be controlled remotely, in particular this allows changing of the set point and

alarm temperature settings.

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

2 Controller Functions

The controller has the following functional parts –

2.1 Sensor measurement

The input stage provides measurement for resitive and voltage output sensors. These are

measured by a sophisticated delta-sigma ADC which gives excellent accuracy and noise

suppression.

Suitable for Pt 00 sensors - 00 R accuracy 0.00 C over –200 to +400 C range

Voltage sensors accuracy 0.0 mv or better

2.2 CPU

This provides all the intelligent control, measuring the input values and calculating the output

required for the control type. It also provides storage for the configuration parameters .

2.3 Output driver

This provides a bi-directional variable output drive to the TEC element(s). The output switches at

the preset repetition rate and adjusting for output value by setting the PWM duty cycle.

2.4 Communications

This is provided via USB

2.5 Power

The drive to the TEC’s is provided directly from the voltage supplied so this should be the same as

the TEC’s maximum rating or less.

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

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3 Connections

3.1 PT1 Measurements

For PT 00 measurements configure the following links on the TCM PCB

Lk connect pins 2 and 3

No other links

Connect PT 00 sensor to J8 on pins 3 and 4 with screen to pin 6.

3.2 PT1 Measurements

For PT 000 measurements configure the following on the TC M PCB.

LK connect pins 2 and 3

No other links

Connect PT 000 sensor to J8 on pins 3 and 4 with screen to pin 6.

3.3 Voltage sensor measurements

For voltage outputs sensors, LM35, LM50, LM5 , LM 60, LM 6 configure the following links on the TCM

PCB

Lk link pins and 2

Lk2 link pins 2 and 3

No other connections

Connect sensor to J8, Sensor + to pin , sensor output to pin 3 and sensor gnd to pin4 with screen

if used to pin 6.

In this configuration LM35 operates down to zero degrees C but not below

3.4 NTC thermistors

To connect NTC thermistors –

LK link pins and 2

LK2 link pins 2 and 3

LK4 link pins and 2

No other connections

Connect thermistor to J8 between pins 3 and pins 4, connect screen if used to pin 6

For best operation stick with 0K types these have a better range in this circuit. Other values can

be accommodated if required

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

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Consult Electron Dynamics for possibilities

3.5 Other temperature sensors

These are possible please consult Electron Dynamics for advice.

3.6 TEC connection

Connect to J3 noting polarity, actual drive polarity can be configured by software

3.7 Power connection

Power should be applied to J2

3.8 Alarm output

This is provided from J4, this is active when low.

3.9 Inhibit

This is provide from J and inhibits the drive when the pins of j are connected together.

For multiple uses the TCM temperature controller can be made to inhibit control of other TCM controllers by

its alarm output indicated by LED2. To achieve this, the alarm output will need to be daisy chained to the

inhibit switch of the respective controller.

3.1 USB

This is provided from J5.

Note this operates as a virtual COM port

3.11 PCB Connector / Link positions

Screen

S -

Sensor

LK1

LK2

LK3

LK4

1 1 1

D connector

Power / Peltier

Connector

Links

TCM PCB viewed from top

Alarm O/P

Temp Alarm LED

Temp OK LED

Inhibit I/P

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

4 LED Status

The TCM series temperature controller has two LEDs that show the status of the controller.

TEMP OK ( LED ) ON – Temperature ok in relation to set point and user defined settings

TEMP OK (LED ) OFF – Temperature out of range

TEMP ALARM (LED 2) ON – Indicates an alarm or inhibit (External or Internal )

TEMP ALARM (LED 2) OFF – Temperature controller working correctly

5 Thermal Issues

5.1 Sensor Selection

The TCM series of temperature has many options for different sensor types. Each sensor type has

different characteristics which will affect your choice -

Sensor type Accuraccy Resolution Range

PT 00 RTD <0. deg <0.005 deg -260 to +850 deg C

LM35,LM50 etc <2 deg < 0.005 deg -40 to 00 deg C

There are variations in size with some types so choose a suitable size for your application.

5.2 Thermal Assembly

This is a critical component in the system design, typically there are 2 problems –

- the heatsink is not large enough

- the thermal conduction between components is poor

It is worth reading the extensive material available from the peltier / TEC manufacturers to find out

the requirements for this.

See www.marlow.com and www.lairdtech.com

5.2.1 Heat sink size

The size of this should be chosen using the manufacturers calculations, it will need to be large

enough to radiate the heat required, typically they have a large heat capacity but often are more

limited in there capability to dissipate the heat. This is often seen when operating under

temperature control there is a continuous rise in heatsink temperature or rise in drive current. It

should be noted that there is a point in where the system can go into thermal runaway, as the

heatsink is unable to dissipate the heat properly and the temperature of the sample and heatsink

will continuously climb.

So this should be chosen to be larger than necessary.

Also using a fan on the heatsink can improve the thermal resistance to air by as much as 3 times

so this will give a significant improvement.

5.3 Thermal Conduction

It is important to ensure that there is a good thermal path between the Sample, TEC and heatsink.

Not only does this provide good heat removal / dissipation but will improve the temperature

stability.

Also important is that the mating surfaces are reasonably flat and that just enough heatsink

TC M Temperature Controller User Manual V .08

Electron Dynamics Ltd page

compound is used to make the thermal connection. A misconception is that more compound will be

better, but this reduces the thermal connection, always dramatically compromising the temperature

stability.

5.4 Peltier Size

This should be calculated from the manufacturers selection.

It is important that the TEC is not driven beyond its maximum, the device will certainly be damaged

if the maximum current is exceeded. Due to the nature of the peltier device as the drive is

increased above between 60 and 80% of maximum it becomes progressively less efficient and in

this situation will tend to just provide more local heating that heat pumping. This can possibly lead

to thermal runaway if the limit is not set . We feel that there is little point in working the devices in

their inefficient region and recommend that device are run at a maximum of 80% of maximum

drive.

5.5 Drive Limit

On the TC M series the TEC drive limits allow maximum cooling and heating rates. Where the

maximum drive is 00%. So to reduce a 2v device to half power, if we are powered at 2v then

the max and mins should be –50% and 50%.

The situation if powered from 9v would be 9/ 2 * 00 = 75%

5.6 Important stability issues

Some important factors to remember.

Facilitate faster settling time and response

- by reducing thermal mass of sample

- reduce distance between TEC and item being cooled

Improve accuracy by locating sensor near to cooled device as possible.

Reduce thermal load by reducing thermal feedback from heatsink to sample by using thermal

insulation.

6 Temperature Controlling

6.1 Off mode

This is purely a mode in which under temperature control the output drive is off. This is intended for

diagnostics or to ensure a failsafe condition.

6.2 On/Off control

This mode of temperature control is the most basic, it benefits from being relatively easy to set up.

Simply specify the setpoint, and dead band. However there are some problems with this approach,

due to full on / full off nature of the output, the temperature stability is relatively poor. Though will

be sufficient for some applications. The other problem is that TEC is cycled fully heating and the

fully cooling, this may cause reliability issues with the TEC itself.

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