Contrec 415 Manuel utilisateur
415-M-V3.2
GAS & STEAM
FLOW COMPUTER
MODEL 415
June 2017
415-M-V3.2
415-M-V3.2
CONTENTS
List of Symbols
1. Introduction 7
1.1 Model Number Designation 9
2. Specification 10
3. Operation 14
3.1 Front Panel Operation 14
3.2 Flow Equations for Gases 16
3.2.1 Ideal Gas Law 22
3.2.2 General Gas 24
3.2.3 Natural Gas 25
3.3 Steam Measurement 26
3.4 Filtering 31
3.5 Non-Linearity Correction 33
3.5.1 Digital Input Linearity Correction 33
3.5.2 Analog Input Linearity Correction 35
3.6 The Output Pulse 37
4. Options 39
4.1 The 4-20mA Output Option 39
4.1.1 Load Specification 40
4.1.2 Calculation 40
4.2 The RS232/422/485 Interface Option 43
4.2.1 Hardware 43
4.2.2 Multipoint Communication 44
4.2.3 Communication Protocol 46
4.3 Data Logging 48
4.4 The Relay Output Option 49
415-M-V3.2
5. Calibration 50
5.1 Programming Chart 52
5.2 Definitions 59
6. Input Circuits 62
6.1 Frequency Flow Input 62
6.2 Analog Inputs 67
6.3 Remote Switches (Model 415A Only) 70
7. Installation 71
7.1 General 71
7.2 Wiring Designations for the Mode 415 73
7.3 Ex 410 Enclosure Dimensions 75
Appendix 76
Properties of Selected Gases 76
Index 78
415-M-V3.2
List of Symbols Used in this Manual
Symbol Description SI Units US Units
A Normalised signal from the
flowmeter which will be 0 at
4mA and 1 at 20mA.
G Specific Gravity for Gas.
hBSpecific Enthalpy at Reference
Conditions.
kJ/kg kJ/kg
hFSpecific Enthalpy at Flow
Conditions.
kJ/kg kJ/kg
KFK-factor (pulses/unit) for a
frequency flowmeter.
pulses/m3pulses/ft3
N Timebase Constant with which the
flowrate is displayed and is:
1 for units/second
60 for units/minute
3600 for units/hour
86400 for units/day
ᴘBDensity at base conditions. kg/m3lbs/ft3
ᴘF Density at flow conditions. kg/m3lbs/ft3
ᴩB Pressure at base conditions. kPa (abs) psia
ᴘC Critical pressure of gas. kPa (abs) psia
415-M-V3.2
Symbol Description SI Units US Units
PFPressure at flow conditions. kPa (abs) psia
QEEnergy value of steam. MJ/day
MJ/hr
MJ/min
MJ/sec
BTU x 1000/day
BTU x 1000/hr
BTU x 1000/min
BTU x 1000/sec
QMMass Flowrate. kg/day
kg/hr
kg/min
kg/sec
lbs/day
lbs/hr
lbs/min
lbs/sec
QVB Volume Corrected Flowrate. m3/day
m3/hr
m3/min
m3/sec
ft3/day
ft3/hr
ft3/min
ft3/sec
Note: If the corrected flowrate is at standard base conditions,
then the flow will be in scm or scf (ie. standard cubic meters or
feet).
If the corrected flowrate is at normalised base conditions, then the
flow will be in Nm3(ie. Normalised cubic meters).
SMSpan (Mass Flowrate at 20mA). kg/day
kg/hr
kg/min
kg/sec
lbs/day
lbs/hr
lbs/min
lbs/sec
SVSpan for a volumetric flowmeter
(eg vortex).
m3/day
m3/hr
m3/min
m3/sec
ft3/day
ft3/hr
ft3/min
ft3/sec
415-M-V3.2
Symbol Description SI Units US Units
SVB Span (Volumetric Flowrate at
20mA) and at base conditions.
m3/day
m3/hr
m3/min
m3/sec
ft3/day
ft3/hr
ft3/min
ft3/sec
TBTemperature at base conditions. °K
(Kelvin)
°R
(Rankin)
TCCritical temperature of gas. °K °R
TFTemperature at flow conditions. °K °R
VB Specific Weight of Steam at
Reference Conditions.
dm3/kg dm3/kg
VF Specific Weight of Steam at Flow
Conditions.
dm3/kg dm3/kg
ZbCompressibility at base conditions.
ZFCompressibility at flow conditions.
415-M-V3.2
415-M-V3.2
1. INTRODUCTION
The Model 415 Gas Flow Computer incorporates compensation for gas
and vapours to the following equations:
1. Ideal Gas Law using temperature & pressure correction, but where
compressibility is ignored.
2. General Gases where compressibility is calculated using the
Redlich-Kwong1equation.
3. Natural Gas using NX-192equation for supercompressibility.
4. Steam Equations for both saturated and superheated steam. Mass
and energy flowrates are calculated using standard equations to
determine the specific weight and enthalpy of steam.
Inputs from a wide range of flowmeters are handled including vortex,
turbine, orifice plate, averaging pitot tubes, wedges, V-Cones and target
flowmeters. In addition, where two differential pressure transmitters are
used across an orifice (or similar device) to increase the measured
flowrange, both D.P. Transmitter inputs can be accepted into the Flow
Computer and scaled separately with automatic crossover.
Options include a 4-20mA re-transmission, high and low flow alarms and
an RS232/422/485 output. A unique feature available with the
RS232/422/485 output is the ability to print flowrates and totals at
programmable time intervals.
This enables the instrument to function as a data logger when used in
conjunction with a printer, or other storage device.
Two versions of the instrument are available, the Model 415R with direct
RTD input, and the 415A with a 4-20mA temperature input. Both accept a
4-20mA pressure input.
The Model 415 is designed to supersede the Models 405GS and 405ST.
1Redlich & Kwong. "An equation of State". Chem Rev, vol 44, p233, 1949.
2Par Research Project NX-19. "Extension of Range of Supercompressibility
Tables", American Gas Association, 1962.
Introduction 7
415-M-V3.2
This instrument conforms to the EMC-Directive of the Council of European
Communities 2014/30/EU, the LVD directive 2014/35/EU and the following
standards:
EN61326:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use – EMC requirements : Residential,
Commercial & Light Industry Environment &
Industrial Environment.
EN61010:2010 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for
measurement, control, and laboratory use.
8 Introduction
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