BRUEL & KJAER 2212 Guide de l'utilisateur

Noise Limit Indicator Type 2212

Type

2212

Noise

Limit

Indicator

instrument

containing

six

identica

input

amp

ifiers

and

six

output

amplifiers

and

control

panel.

It is

mainly

intended

for

traffic

noise

monitoring,

inst

airports

road

traffic

surveys.

BHUEL

KJJER

Naerum, Denmark .

05 00 .

BRUKJA,

Copenhagen

Telex:

5316

B B

2212

Noise Limit Indicator.

Type 2212

November

1966

Contents

Description

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

General

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Input

Amplifiers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Filters

and

Output

Amplifiers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Overall

Frequertcy

Characteristic

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Rectifier

and

Relay

Circuit

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Control

Panel

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Meter

Circuit

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Power

Supply

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Identification

Control

Knobs,

Terminals,

etc

•.

.....

...........

Operation

the

Noise

Limit

Indicator

Type

2212

Traffic

Noise

Monitor

.......

.....

................................

..........

General

......................................................

. .

Preadjustment

Noise

Limit

Indicator

Type

2212

..................

Connection

between

Noise

Limit

Indicator

Type

2212

and

Outdoor

Microphone

System

Type

4920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Adjustment

the

complete

Measuring

Set-up

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Checking

means

the

Pistonphone

Type

4220 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Adjustment

the

Sensitivity

Increase

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2'2

Description

General.

The

Noise

Limit

Indicator

Type

2212 is a

modified

version

the

well-known

Noise

Limit

Indicator

Type

2211

mainly

intended

for

traffic

noise

monitoring.

contains

six

identical,

separate

input

amplifiers

and

six

output

amplifiers.

Furthermore

two

"sets"

six

microphones

each

(

six

vibration

pick-ups)

can

successively

switched

the

input

amplifiers

means

remotely

controlled

relay

circuit.

thus

possible

quickly

check

measuring

positions-and

continuously

monitor

six.

The

input

circuit

the

amplifiers

ontains

transformer

which

allows

con-

nection

symmetrical

transmi

sion

system.

The

input

transformer

has

been

included,

however,

not

only

allow

connection

symmetrical

transmission

system

but

also

facilitate

the

remote

control

the

calibra-

tion

oscillator

connected

Outdoor

Microphone

System

Type

4920

over

two-wire

system

the

output

amplifiers

provision

made

for

the

insertion

filters.

The

Noise

Limit

Indicator

consists

the

following

major

parts.

Input

Amplifiers.

Filters

and

Output

Amplifier

Rectifier

and

Relay

circuits.

Control

Panel.

Meter

Circuit.

Power

Supply.

Input Amplifiers.

The

Type

2212

contains

six

input

amplifiers

which

are

identical

and

interchangeable.

Each

them

contains

four-stage

transistor

amplifier

preceded

a 60

attenuator.

The

attenuator

can

varied

10 dB

steps

and

intended

used

conjunction

with

the

48 dB

attenuator

the

output

amplifier.

The

first

amplifier

stage

designed

emitter

follower

order

obtain

sufficiently

high

input

impedance.

The

input

impedance

is,

for

the

least

sensitive

position

the

attenuator,

approximately

1.5 Mohms.

For

the

position

approximately

o.5

Mohms,

and

for

the

remaining

positions

150

kohms.

The

two

stages

are

RC-coupled,

while

the

last

stage

contains

two

transistors

single-ended

push-pull

arrangement.

The

output

signal

fed

via

relay

the

input

the

filters

the

output

_________

L----------------------

-J

When

the

pushbutton marked RELEASE is operated

the

lamps are reset

ond

INPUT

I or

INPUTn

disconnectod.

0 0

0 0 0

I I

I Meter

circuit

________

162.?76

Fig. 1.1.

Block

diagram

the

Noise

Limit

Indicator.

amplifiers.

The

relay

controlled

from

the

INP

UT I

INPUT

buttons

the

Control

Panel

and

serves

break

connect

the

input

circuits

the

filter

inputs

See

Fig.

1.1.

obtain

high

degree

stability

and

ensure

distortion

less

than

o.1

large

amount

negative

feedback

introduced

the

amplifier.

The

feedback

can

altered

with

potentio-

meter

obtain

fine

adjustment

the

sensitivity.

second

potentiometer

can

switched

into

the

feedback

circuit

means

relay

which

controlled

from

the

SENSITIVITY

INCREASE

knob

the

control

panel.

This

potentiometer

can

set

increase

the

sensitivity

between

and

5 dB,

without

influencing

the

frequency

response

the

amplifier.

The

total

amplification

with

increased

sensitivity

is 45 dB.

Filters

and

Output Amplifiers.

Weighting

networks

filters

can

used

conjunction

with

the

Output

Amplifiers.

The

filters

can

by-passed

toggle

switch

the

front

plate

the

amplifier.

After

filtering,

the

signal

fed

a 48 dB

attenuator

with

steps.

Two

independent

tappings

this

attenuator

make

possible

adjust

the

attenuation

two

different

settings,

one

for

each

the

two

inputs.

The

pushbutton

switches

the

control

panel,

which

are

used

select

the

desired

input,

also

select

the

correct

section

this

attenuator

(

with

the

aid

relay),

that

INPUT

corresponds

attenuator

tap

No. 1

and

INPUT

with

attenuator

tap

No. 2 (see

Fig.

1.3

and

block

diagram).

01-"

-1

-2

-3

-4

-51

2 5

100

2 5 1000 2 5 10000 2

C/5

5 100000

Frequency

2289

Fig. 1.2.

Frequency

Response

Input

Amplifier

without

input

transformer.

The

first

stage

the

amplifier

designed

emitter

follower

order

obtain

input

impedance

high

enough

have

influence

the

attenuator.

The

impedance

the

filter

thus

determined

the

attenuator

and

approximately

146

kohms

which

gives

optimum

performance

the

filter.

The

following

stages

are

RC-coupled

amplifier

stages,

stabilized

negative

feedback.

Three

feedback

circuits

are

employed,

two

which

are

used

shape

the

frequency

response

curve

and

minimize

the

input

capacity.

The

third

one

can

varied

alter

the

amount

am-

plification

(

this

the

sensitivity

adjustment

the

front

plate

the

amplifier).

Control Panel

r n

,Q.QOOO

Output

Amplifier 1

Output

Amplifier 2

~66H4-

Fig. 1.3.

depressing

one

the

INPUT

buttons,

the

correct

input

and

also

the

correct

tapping

the

INDICATOR

LEVEL

attenuators

are chosen

means

relay

circuits.

...

I-I-

....

2 5

100

1000

2 5

C/5

100

162177

Fig. 1.4.

Frequency

Response

output

amplifier.

Overall Frequency Characteristic:

The

overall

frequency

response

the

instrument

(

without

filters

the

output

amplifiers

) is

shown

Fig.

1.5

and

mainly

determined

the

input

transformer.

Also a

loss

amplification

approximately

takes

place

this

transformer.

The

curves

shown

Fig.

1.5

are

valid

for

various

generator

impedances,

R1.

allow

clear

picture

the

change

characteristic

with

generator

im-

pedance

and

voltage,

however,

the

curves

are

drawn

with

fictive

distance

between

the

flat

parts

2 dB.

l I

Rg=

60..n.

600mV

:10mV

60mV

6mV

6mV Rg=200.n.

600mV7

~""""""

60mV Rg=600.n.

60-

soo~n~

6mV

6mV~

6mV-

600mV -;?

60mV I

2!8

Olrmv

r---

6mV i

20 50

100

200 500 1000 2

000

5 000

000 20 000 50000

100

000

Frequency Hz(cfs)

Fig. 1.5.

Frequency

chamcteristic

for

the

entire

instrument.

Rectifier and Relay Circuit.

Following

the

amplifier

is a

quasi-RMS

rectifier

circuit.

provides

full-wave

rectification

and

gives

accurate

RMS

indication

for

sinusoidal

signals

well

for

white

noise

and

other

signals

with

complex

waveforms,

including

asymmetrical

pulses

with

crest

factors

means

switch

two

different

damping

characteristics

can

introduced

"Standard"

"low

damping"

meant

for

the

measurement

steady

signals

with

frequencies

above

while

"high

damping"

meant

for

the

measurement

fluctuating

signals,

i.e.

frequencies

below

measurements

where

fluctuating

background

noise

would

otherwise

disturb

the

meter

reading.

The

signal

now

capable

energizing

the

relay

which

makes

the

indicator

lamp

light-up.

This

relay

has

two

stable

positions.

However,

even

the

best

relays

not

always

operate

precisely

the

same

amount

current-flow,

another

stage

has

been

added

that

the

relay

invariably

switches

over

certain

input

signal

voltage.

This

stage

has

characteristic

shown

Fig. 1.6,

and

seen

the

steep

slope

the

curve

provides

large

current

increase

for

slight

voltage

increase,

thus

making

the

energizing

point

much

consistent.

obtain

stable

working

point

for

this

stage

zener-diode

introduced,

and

also

a 20

kHz

signal

presented

give

independent

bias

voltage.

This

signal

derived

from

a 20

kHz

generator

located

the

power

supply

unit

and

thus

common

for

all

the

amplifiers.

This

bias

adjusted

make

the

relays

operate

input

voltage

2.24

when

none

the

INPUT

buttons

the

Control

Panel

are

depressed,

the

relays

are

held

their

passive

position

means

holding

voltage"

approximately

12 V DC.

Before

the

rectifier

circuit

output

lead

multisocket

the

rear

panel

the

instrument.

The

output

impedance

the

pins

this

I Output

Relay {

Current

Tolerance

Voltage

tolerance

--j~b

Einput

162212

Fig. 1.6. Ei/1.

characteristic

the

current

shaping

stage

just

before

the

relay.

socket

approximately

ohms

(to

ground).

The

maximum

voltage

obtained

approximately

Volts

(RMS). A

voltage

2.24 Volts

this

point

energizes

the

relay.

Control Panel.

The

control

panel

contains

the

five

pushbuttons

intended

used

the

operator,

well

the

indicating

lamps

for

each

channel.

The

two

input

selectors

bring

the

proper

input

into

circuit

and

also

keep

the

relays

the

output

amplifier

the

passive

position

when

not

depressed.

The

SENSITIVITY

INCREASE

button

controls

the

relays

which

influence

the

amount

feedback

round

the

input

amplifiers,

thereby

increasing

the

sensitivity.

This

button

only

functions

while

kept

depressed.

The

RELEASE

button

releases

the

other

pushbuttons

and

thus

resets

the

"holding"

voltage

used

keep

the

relays

the

output

amplifiers

the

passive

position.

Furthermore,

the

RELEASE

button

serves

check

the

proper

functioning

the

output

relays

and

the

indicator

lamps,

all

the

lamps

are

lit

when

the

switch

pressed

down.

The

INPUT

and

RELEASE

buttons

operate

via

relay.

The

two

INPUT

buttons

are

furthermore

delayed

operation,

that

the

"holding

voltage"

used

keep

the

output

relays

their

passive

position

not

switched

off

till

approximately

second

after

the

input

amplifiers

are

switched

in.

this

way

the

disturbing

effect

transients

are

avoided.

green

light

indicates

when

the

instrument

operating

and

which

input

channel.

Parallel

the

RELEASE

button

is a

springloaded

RESET

button

which

serves

momentarily

reset

the

output

relays

their

passive

positions

without

releasing

the

INPUT

SENSITIVITY

INCREASE

buttons.

Its

purpose

recheck

the

lamp

indication

case

unwanted

noise,

e.g.

footsteps,

doors

slamming

etc.

Each

the

red

lamps

permanently

connected

a 12 V

source

and

grounded

through

its

corresponding

output

relay.

this

way

the

lamps

cannot

lit

when

amplifier

inserted.

There

is a

relay

parallel

with

the

lamps.

The

relay

contacts

change

over

whenever

anyone

the

lamps

light-up.

The

switch

obtained

connected

"T"

and

"U"

the

remote

control

plug

and

may

used

remotely

control

buzzers,

alarm

bells,

other

auxiliary

equipment.

Meter Circuit.

The

meter

circuit

the

apparatus

serves

mainly

aid

the

proper

setting

the

attenuators

and

check

amplification

means

the

built

reference

voltage.

The

meter

can

connected

through

switch

any

the

outputs

the

amplifiers

read

the

output

level

before

rectification.

The

rectifier

circuit

the

meter

identical

that

the

output

amplifiers,

the

damping

circuit.

provide

aural

visual

indication

the

signal

that

reaches

the

meter

circuit,

two

test

sockets

are

placed

beneath

the

meter.

These

sockets

are

parallel

with

the

meter

circuit,

allowing

headphones

oscilloscopes

other

instruments

connected

them.

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