BGI PQ100 Manuel utilisateur

PQ100

Air Sampler

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Firmware Version 5.X and lower

PM10 REFERENCE SAMPLER

DESIGNATION NO. RFPS-1298-124

8BGI Incorporated

12100 West 6th Ave.

Lakewood, CO 80228

Tel: 781.891.9380

Fax: 781.891.8151

e-mail: [email protected]

www.bgiusa.com

Manual Version: 6.24 Nov. 2008

PREFACE

The purpose of this manual is to provide complete operational, calibration and

maintenance details for the BGI PQ100 air sampler. This instrument has been

specifically designed to meet or exceed the operational requirements of a

Reference Method sampling device under 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix J

(AReference Method For The Determination of Particulate Matter as PM-10 in the

Atmosphere@) and was designated a Federal Reference Method Sampler Number

RFPS-1298-124 in December 1998.

SAFETY

The PQ100 should only be operated as described and for its intended use.

Because the PQ100 runs primarily from battery power, all of the typical hazards

associated with high voltages and internal A.C. wiring have been reduced or

eliminated. Personal injury, damage to the instrument, or fire can occur if the

following electrical precautions are not observed:

•Caution should always be given when attaching the A.C. mains power

connection. Do not attempt to connect main power if the plug or wire are

cracked or frayed.

•Do not attempt to connect main power if the power cord, leads, or outlet

are wet. Do not immerse power cords in water or other liquids.

•Place power cords away from traffic and do not allow anything to rest on

them during operation.

•Do not overload AC outlets.

•Do not attach improperly wired external batteries, solar panels or power

sources.

•Do not open the control panel or handle any other of the electrical parts

while power is applied to the PQ100. Always disconnect the power supply

first.

In addition, personal injury or damage to the instrument could occur if the following

precautions are not observed:

•Always operate the PQ100 in a normal, upright position. The legs should

be bolted down to prevent tipping in conditions of high winds.

•Do not operate the PQ100 if any of the parts are defective, damaged, or

missing.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface............................................................................................................................................ ii

Safety.............................................................................................................................................. ii

1.0 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................1

Principle of Operation.......................................................................................................1

2.0 GETTING STARTED CHECKLIST..............................................................................3

2.1 Included with the PQ100.......................................................................................3

2.2 Optional Accessories Available (See Section 5)...................................................3

2.3 User Supplied Items...............................................................................................3

3.0 HOW TO USE THE PQ100 IMMEDIATELY...............................................................4

3.1 What the Buttons do..............................................................................................4

3.2 Running the PQ100 at 16.7 Liters per Minute....................................................4

3.3 Downloading (A Quick Start Overview)..............................................................6

4.0 SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................8

4.1 Flow Rate Precision, Accuracy and Pulsation.....................................................8

4.2 Run Times for Various Applications ...................................................................8

4.3 Dimensions and Weights (PQ100 Main Unit Only)............................................9

4.4 Electrical Specifications.........................................................................................9

4.5 Hardware Requirements for PQ Software..........................................................9

4.6 Dimensions, Weights and Flow Specifications for SSI.....................................10

5.0 ACCESSORIES...............................................................................................................11

5.1 Cables....................................................................................................................11

5.2 Inlets, Adapters and Filter Holders....................................................................11

5.3 Batteries and Chargers........................................................................................12

5.4 Miscellaneous........................................................................................................12

6.0 OPERATION DETAILS.................................................................................................13

6.1 Basic Operation....................................................................................................13

6.2 Main Idle Display.................................................................................................13

6.3 What to Do Next...................................................................................................14

6.4 Setting a New Target Flow Rate.........................................................................14

6.5 Setting the Date and Time...................................................................................15

6.6 Setting the Start Date and Time.........................................................................16

6.7 Setting the Run Time...........................................................................................17

6.8 Running the Pump...............................................................................................18

6.8.1 Start Time Disabled.................................................................................18

6.8.2 Start Time Enabled..................................................................................18

6.8.3 Run Time ..................................................................................................18

6.8.4 Acoustic Phenomena at High Negative Pressure...................................19

6.9 Verifying the Flow Rate.......................................................................................19

6.10 Resetting the Run.................................................................................................19

7.0 CALIBRATION...............................................................................................................20

7.1 Entering and Using Calibration Mode...............................................................20

7.2 Using a DeltaCal or TriCal .................................................................................21

7.3 Using a Rotameter................................................................................................22

7.4 Calibration Notes.................................................................................................23

8.0 INSTALLATION AND USE OF THE PC SOFTWARE............................................24

8.1 Supported Hardware...........................................................................................24

8.2 Installation on a Hard Disk System....................................................................24

8.3 Advanced Installation..........................................................................................24

8.4 Floppy Based Systems (No Hard Drive) ............................................................24

8.5 Program Overview...............................................................................................24

8.6 Running the Program..........................................................................................25

8.7 Correct Utility ......................................................................................................25

8.8 Beginning a Sample Job ......................................................................................26

8.9 Downloading.........................................................................................................26

8.10 Adding the Final Filter Weight...........................................................................27

8.11 Data Displays........................................................................................................27

8.12 Managing Data Files............................................................................................27

8.13 Spreadsheet Support............................................................................................27

9.0 AC POWER SUPPLY/CHARGER ...............................................................................29

10.0 MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE ................................................................................30

10.1 Replacement Component List.............................................................................30

10.2 Rebuilding the Pump after 5000 Hours.............................................................32

10.3 Replacement of the Mass Flow Sensor...............................................................33

11.0 OPERATIONAL THEORY ...........................................................................................33

12.0 WARRANTY INFORMATION.....................................................................................34

APPENDIX A. CALIBRATION EQUATIONS ......................................................................35

APPENDIX B. TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................................39

APPENDIX C. SYSTEM BATTERIES....................................................................................40

APPENDIX D. MILITARY TIME CHART............................................................................41

APPENDIX E. SHUTDOWN MESSAGES..............................................................................42

APPENDIX F. ASSEMBLING THE PQ167 PM10 AIR SAMPLING SYSTEM ................44

APPENDIX G. ASSEMBLING THE BGITSP AIR SAMPLING SYSTEM........................45

APPENDIX H. INSTALLING FILTER MEDIA.....................................................................46

APPENDIX I. CONCENTRATION EQUATION....................................................................47

APPENDIX J. FLOW RATE STABILITY...............................................................................48

APPENDIX K. FIGURES...........................................................................................................50

APPENDIX L. FILTER HANDLING, AND WEIGHING.....................................................59

APPENDIX M. EXTERNAL DATALOGGER.......................................................................61

APPENDIX N. SOLAR PANEL POWER SUPPLY...............................................................66

APPENDIX O. RIGID MOUNTING ASSEMBLY.................................................................74

APPENDIX P. PQ167 HIGH ALTITUDE (miniPM ).............................................................78

PQ100 Instruction Manual Revision History............................................................................83

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The BGI PQ100 is an "Intelligent Air Pump" that can monitor it's own airflow rate and thereby

adjust the pump speed to compensate for changes in load pressure and/or other forces which

would otherwise hamper the flow of air through a filter (or sample collector). The PQ100 can be

programmed to begin it's sampling job at a specific date and time and stop sampling after the user

defined run time is depleted. A 24 character by 2 line Liquid Crystal Display provides the

operator with a readout of flow rate, and other useful information.

Events such as the flow being restricted by blocking the inlet, batteries depleted (power failure),

pump unable to regulate flow (excess resistance), etc. all force the pump into a shutdown mode

which consumes no battery power until the problem causing the shutdown is corrected.

The PQ100 was designed to operate from 1 standard liter per minute (1000 cc per minute) to 25.0

standard liters per minute and is unaffected by changes in ambient temperature and barometric

pressure. The flow rate precision is guaranteed 2% of the calibration set point. Standard

conditions, for some forms of air sampling, being 20ΕC, 760 mm of Mercury barometric

pressure.

Certain default values in this instrument have been selected to reflect EPA style air sampling

procedures. The default "Run Time" is 24 hours. The default "Start Date and Time" is midnight

tomorrow.

Principle of Operation

The operating principle of the PQ100 can be appreciated by referring to the block diagram below.

Air is drawn by the pump through a size selective inlet device and/or filter. It then passes inside

the instrument housing to a Mass Flow Sensor. The signal generated by the sensor is then routed

to a microprocessor which determines if the flow is at the set value and adjusts the pump speed to

maintain the correct flow rate. Because the flow sensor is extremely sensitive and all pumps

produce pulsation to some degree, a pulsation damping volume has been introduced to control

this effect. The microprocessor not only controls the flow rate accurately and precisely to the set

point but also performs several other functions. These include turning the instrument on at a

preselected time and running it for a selected interval. The flow is maintained by the processor to

a designated pressure and temperature value. A pulse width modulated signal is configured and

sent to the pump motor in a constantly updated manner based on signal information received

from the Mass Flow Sensor. The microprocessor also stores all parametric information

generated during the run period and configures it for presentation on the visual display and

downloading to the software provided with the instrument.

The system is completed by it's 12 volt battery and external battery charger/A.C. power supply.

The power supply function permits operation if desired with no battery whatsoever.

SIZE SELECTIVE

INLET OR FILTER

MASS FLOW

SENSOR

PULSATION DAMPING

VOLUME PUMP

MICRO PROCESSOR

VISUAL DATA DISPLAY BATTERY BATTERY CHARGER

A.C. POWER SUPPLY

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PQ 100 SYSTEM

1910

2.0 GETTING STARTED CHECKLIST

2.1 Included with the PQ100

1. PQ100 Main Unit

2. PQ101 Battery Charger (120 VAC or 240 VAC)

3. CQ2 PC Communication Adapter Cable

4. PC Software Diskettes - 3 2", 1.44K

5. PQMAN Manual

6. PQ102 Hose Adapter

2.2 Optional Accessories Available (See Section 5)

1. PQ103 Replacement Battery

2. CQ3 External Battery Adapter Cable

3. SSI-10 Size Selective Inlet (SSI) Kit

4. TP100R Dicot Inlet Rigid Tripod Assembly

5. F20 47mm Filter Holder for BGI16.7

6. F21 Filter Cassette (for use with F20 above)

7. TSP CAP Total Suspended Particulate Inlet

2.3 User Supplied Items

1. A DeltaCal, TetraCal (formally triCal) or Bubble Meter/Calibrator.

Note: Dry Calibrators and Rotameters are not recommended!

2. A length of rubber hose (about a half meter).

3. A Pinch Clamp or Valve (helpful but not required).

4. Ambient Temperature and Local Barometric Pressure Readings.

5. A Magnehelic Pressure Gauge (helpful but not required).

6. Filter Holder (F20) with Filter Cassettes (F21/2) to collect sample (also protects

the PQ100 from damage).

Note: Permanent damage can occur if the PQ100 is operated without a filter in series with the

Inlet. If the unit is operated without a SSI head with filter and holder, a suitable filter must be

used to prevent damage to the pump and sensors.

3.0 HOW TO USE THE PQ100 IMMEDIATELY

3.1 What the Buttons do

"ON/OFF@Turns the PQ100 On or Off.

"RESET" Press after a sampling job to clear all the counters in

preparation for the next sampling job.

"RUN/STOP" Use when the PQ100 has been reset and programmed for

another run and you now wish to start the pump.

"+" Increase

"-" Decrease

"SETUP" Traveling from screen to screen and entering the information

set on the screen.

"ENTER" Accepts new setting within the screen.

3.2 Running the PQ100 at 16.7 Liters per Minute

1. Turn the PQ-100 on (Push the "ON/OFF" button). If a message is blinking on the

display, press "ENTER" to proceed to the "MAIN IDLE DISPLAY".

2. Before you change any setups and to delete the last run push the "RESET" button.

Screen display should be:

ET0000Min TS00.00M (Date)

Q(Flow)Lpm T(Time) Bty(Capacity)%

(Date) - today=s date in military type notation; e.g., 01JAN= January 1st

(Flow) - the current flow rate selected to be regulated.

(Time) - military time; e.g., 13:08= 13 Hours 8 Minutes or 1:08 PM

(Capacity) - remaining charge in the internal battery.

3. Press "SETUP"

Screen reads; "Select FLOW RATE"

To change TARGET FLOW RATE;

* Press ENTER (Whole number value will remain on constant while the

tenths still blink); use "+" or "-" to increase or decrease until 16 is

displayed.

* Press ENTER (Tenths value will now remain constant while whole

number blinks); use "+" or "-" to increase or decrease until .7 is displayed.

Note: If the flow rate displayed is followed by Lpm then the selected flow rate is

calibrated and recalibration is not required. If CAL is displayed then calibration should

be performed as described in section 7.0.

4. Press "SETUP"

Screen reads; "Set DATE and TIME"

To change the Date and Time;

a. DAY: Press ENTER and change by pressing the + or - key.

When the day is correct, press ENTER.

b. MONTH: To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

c. YEAR: To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

d. TIME (hrs): To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

e. TIME (min): To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

5. Press "SETUP"

Screen reads; "Set START DATE and TIME"

This determines when you wish to start a sample job. It always defaults to

midnight the next day. Should you wish to change it;

a. DAY: Press ENTER and change by pressing the + or - key.

When the day is correct, press ENTER.

b. MONTH: To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

c. YEAR: To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

d. TIME (hrs): To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

e. TIME (min): To change, press + or - key. When correct, press ENTER.

f. (enable): This is to turn this function On or Off. If "Off" then a sample job

(pump starts running) is initiated as soon as the "RUN/STOP" key

is pressed from the "MAIN IDLE DISPLAY". If "On" then the

sample job is initiated when the start date and time are achieved.

SET THIS FUNCTION TO "OFF" IF YOU WISH TO START

SAMPLING NOW. Change by pressing + or - key. When correct,

press ENTER. FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS TUTORIAL, SET

TO "OFF".

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