Apogee Instruments MQ-610 Manuel utilisateur

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA

TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM

OWNER’S MANUAL

EPAR METER

Models MQ-610

Rev: 2-Feb-2022

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
Owner’s Manual ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1 
Certificate of Compliance......................................................................................................................................................... 3 
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4 
Sensor Models ......................................................................................................................................................................... 6 
Specifications ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7 
Deployment and Installation.................................................................................................................................................. 10 
Battery Installation and Replacement.................................................................................................................................... 11 
Operation and Measurement ................................................................................................................................................ 12 
Apogee AMS Software ........................................................................................................................................................... 15 
Maintenance and Recalibration............................................................................................................................................. 17 
Troubleshooting and Customer Support................................................................................................................................ 18 
Return and Warranty Policy................................................................................................................................................... 20 
 

EU Declaration of Conformity

This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer:

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

721 W 1800 N

Logan, Utah 84321

USA

for the following product(s):

Models: MQ-610

Type: ePAR Meter

The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation:

2014/30/EU Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive

2011/65/EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2) Directive

2015/863/EU Amending Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 3)

Standards referenced during compliance assessment:

EN 61326-1:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use –EMC requirements

EN 50581:2012 Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to

the restriction of hazardous substances

Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the products

manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials including lead (see

note below), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated

diphenyls (PBDE), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and

diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). However, please note that articles containing greater than 0.1 % lead concentration

are RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c.

Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products

for the presence of these substances, but we rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.

Signed for and on behalf of:

Apogee Instruments, February 2022

Bruce Bugbee

President

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

Radiation that drives photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and, historically, is defined

as total radiation across a range of 400 to 700 nm. PAR is almost universally quantified as photosynthetic photon

flux density (PPFD) in units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol m-2 s-1, equal to microEinsteins per

square meter per second) summed from 400 to 700 nm (total number of photons from 400 to 700 nm). However,

ultraviolet and far-red photons outside the defined PAR range of 400-700 nm can also contribute to

photosynthesis and influence plant responses (e.g., flowering).

Data from recent studies indicate that far-red photons synergistically interact with photons in the historically

defined PAR range of 400-700 nm to increase photochemical efficiency in leaves (Hogewoning et al., 2012;

Murakami et al., 2018; Zhen and van Iersel, 2017; Zhen et al., 2019). Measurements from whole plants and plant

canopies indicate adding far-red photons (using far-red LEDs with peaks near 735 nm and outputting photons

across a range of about 700-750 nm) to radiation sources outputting photons in the 400-700 nm range increases

canopy photosynthesis equal to the addition of the same number of photons in the 400-700 nm range for multiple

species, and C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways, but far-red photons alone are photosynthetically inefficient and

result in minimal photosynthesis (Zhen and Bugbee, 2020a; Zhen and Bugbee, 2020b).

This research suggests that far-red photons drive canopy photosynthesis with similar efficiency as photons in the

traditional PAR range when they are acting synergistically with photons in the 400-700 nm range, meaning when

far-red photons are added to radiation sources outputting 400-700 nm photons. Thus, far-red photons need to be

included in the definition of PAR (Zhen et al., 2021).

Sensors that measure PPFD are often called quantum sensors due to the quantized nature of radiation. A quantum

refers to the minimum quantity of radiation, one photon, involved in physical interactions (e.g., absorption by

photosynthetic pigments). In other words, one photon is a single quantum of radiation. Sensors that function like

traditional quantum sensors, but measure a wider range of wavelengths, can be thought of as an ‘extended range’

quantum sensor.

Typical applications of traditional quantum sensors include incoming PPFD measurement over plant canopies in

outdoor environments or in greenhouses and growth chambers and reflected or under-canopy (transmitted) PPFD

measurement in the same environments. The extended photosynthetically active radiation (ePAR) sensor detailed

in this manual uses a detector that is sensitive to radiation from 383-757 nm ± 5 nm, which allows it to measure

photons from Far-red.

Apogee Instruments MQ-610 meters consist of a handheld meter and a dedicated sensor that is connected by

cable to an anodized aluminum housing. SQ-600 series ePAR sensors consist of a cast acrylic diffuser (filter),

photodiode, signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and are potted solid with no

internal air space. MQ series ePAR meters provide a real-time PFD reading on the LCD display, that determine the

radiation incident on a planar surface (does not have to be horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all

angles of a hemisphere. MQ series ePAR meters include manual and automatic data logging features for making

spot-check measurements.

Hogewoning et al. 2012. Photosynthetic Quantum Yield Dynamics: From Photosystems to Leaves. The Plant Cell,

24: 1921–1935.

Murakami et al. 2018. A Mathematical Model of Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Response to the Light

Spectrum Based on Excitation Energy Distributed to Photosystems. Plant Cell Physiology. 59(8): 1643–1651.

Zhen and Van Iersel. 2017. Far-red light is needed for efficient photochemistry and photosynthesis. Journal of Plant

Physiology. 209: 115–122.

Zhen et al. 2019. Far-red light enhances photochemical efficiency in a wavelength-dependent manner. Physiologia

Plantarum. 167(1):21-33.

Zhen and Bugbee. 2020a. Far-red photons have equivalent efficiency to traditional photosynthetic photons:

Implications for redefining photosynthetically active radiation. Plant Cell and Environment. 2020; 1–14.

Zhen and Bugbee. 2020b. Substituting Far-Red for Traditionally Defined Photosynthetic Photons Results in Equal

Canopy Quantum Yield for CO2Fixation and Increased Photon Capture During Long-Term Studies: Implications for

Re-Defining PAR. Frontiers in Plant Science. 11:1-14.

Zhen et al. 2021. Why Far-Red Photons Should Be Included in the Definition of Photosynthetic Photons and the

Measurement of Horticultural Fixture Efficacy. Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:1-4.

Apogee MQ series ePAR meters covered in this manual are self-contained and come complete with handheld

meter and sensor.

A sensor’s model number and serial number are

located on a label on the backside of the handheld

meter.

Calibration Traceability

Apogee MQ series ePAR meters are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of four transfer

standard sensors under a reference lamp. The reference sensors are recalibrated with a 200 W quartz halogen

lamp traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

MQ-610

Calibration Uncertainty

± 5 % (see Calibration Traceability below)

Measurement Range

0 to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1

Measurement

Repeatability

Less than 0.5 %

Long-term Drift

(Non-stability)

Less than 2 % per year

Non-linearity

Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1)

Response Time

Less than 1 ms

Field of View

180°

Spectral Range

383 to 757 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %; see Spectral

Response below)

Directional (Cosine)

Response

± 2 % at 45° zenith angle, ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle (see Directional Response below)

Azimuth Error

Less than 0.5 %

Tilt Error

Less than 0.5 %

Temperature Response

-0.11 ± 0.04 % per C

Uncertainty in Daily Total

Less than 5 %

Housing

Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser

IP Rating

IP68

Operating Environment

-40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m

Meter Dimensions

126 mm length, 70 mm width, 24 mm height

Sensor Dimensions

30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height

Mass

140 g (with 5 m of lead wire)

Cable

2 m of two conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire; additional cable available; TPR jacket

Warranty

4 years against defects in materials and workmanship

Spectral Response

Mean spectral response measurements of

four replicate Apogee MQ-600 series ePAR

Sensors. Incremental spectral response

measurements were made at 10 nm

increments across a wavelength range of

370 to 800 nm in a monochromator with an

attached electric light source. Measured

spectral data from each quantum sensor

were refined and normalized by comparing

measured spectral response of the

monochromator/electric light combination

to measured spectral differences from a

quantum sensor reference.

Cosine Response

Directional, or cosine, response is defined as the

measurement error at a specific angle of radiation

incidence. Error for Apogee MQ-600 series ePAR

Sensor is approximately ± 2 % and ± 5 % at solar

zenith angles of 45° and 75°, respectively.

Mean directional (cosine)

response of seven Apogee series

quantum sensors. Directional

response measurements were

made on the rooftop of the

Apogee building in Logan, Utah.

Directional response was

calculated as the relative

difference of quantum sensors

from the mean of replicate

reference quantum sensors (LI-

COR models LI-190 and LI-190R,

Kipp & Zonen model PQS 1). Data

were also collected in the

laboratory using a reference lamp

and positioning the sensor at

varying angles.

AM-320 Saltwater Submersible

Sensor Wand

AM-310 Extendable Sensor

Wand

Apogee MQ series ePAR meters are designed for spot-check measurements, and calculation of daily light integral

(DLI; total number of photons incident on a planar surface over the course of a day) through the built-in logging

feature. To accurately measure PFD incident on a horizontal surface, the sensor must be level. For this purpose,

each MQ model comes with a different option for mounting the sensor to a horizontal plane.

The AM-310 Sensor Wand accessory incorporates a mounting fixture at the end of an extendable telescopic wand

(up to 33 inches/84 cm). The wand is not suited for wet environments; however, it is excellent for greenhouses and

growth chambers. Its ability to retract to a smaller size also makes it ideal for travel use.

The AM-320 Saltwater Submersible Sensor Wand accessory incorporates a mounting fixture at the end of a 40-inch

segmented fiberglass wand and is well-suited for saltwater use. The wand allows the user to place the sensor in

hard-to-reach areas such as aquariums.

NOTE: The handheld meter portion of the instrument is not waterproof. Do not get the meter wet or leave the

meter in high humidity environments for prolonged periods of time. Doing so can lead to corrosion that could void

the warranty.

The AL-100 leveling plate is recommended

for use with the MQ-610 (AL-100 leveling

plate pictured). To facilitate mounting to a

cross arm, the AL-120 mounting bracket is

recommended.

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