ABB HCB Manuel

Instruction

Leaflet

971.2

ABB

Power

Company

inc

Relay

Division

Coral

Springs

33065

llll

Type

HCB

Pilot

Wire

Relay

System

Effective

April

1987

Supersedes

972.2

dated

January

1977

Denotes

change

since

issue

CAUTION

service

make

sure

that

all

moving

parts

operate

freely

inspect

the

contacts

see

that

they

are

clean

and

properly

and

operate

the

relay

check

the

settings

and

electrical

connections

tions

the

front

the

relay

The

tap

links

also

connect

the

resistor

(

looped

resistance

wire

)

consists

three

tube

resistors

with

taps

wired

the

circularly

arranged

tap

connections

the

front

the

relay

taps

are

the

resistance

wire

and

are

wired

the

circularly

arranged

tap

connections

the

front

the

relay

Before

putting

protective

relays

into

APPLICATION

The

type

HCB

relay

high

speed

pilot

wire

relay

designed

for

the

complete

phase

and

ground

protection

two

and

three

terminal

transmission

lines

Simultaneous

tripping

the

relay

each

ter

minal

obtained

about

milliseconds

for

all

faults

complete

installation

for

two

terminal

line

consists

two

relays

two

insulating

trans

formers

and

interconnecting

pilot

wire

circuit

For

three

terminal

line

three

relays

three

insul

ating

transformers

and

wye

rconnected

pilot

wire

circuit

with

branches

equal

series

resistance

are

required

SATURATING

TRANSFORMER

The

output

the

sequence

filter

connects

the

primary

two

winding

saturating

transformer

The

primary

winding

tapped

and

wired

tap

block

the

front

the

relay

The

secondary

winding

con

nected

the

zener

clipper

and

from

fixed

tap

the

relay

coil

circuits

POLAR

UNIT

This

unit

consists

rectangular

shaped

mag

netic

frame

electromagnet

permanent

magnet

and

armature

with

either

one

two

contacts

The

poles

the

cresent

shaped

permanent

magnet

bridge

the

magnetic

frame

The

magnetic

frame

consists

three

pieces

joined

the

rear

with

two

brass

rods

and

silver

solder

These

non

magnetic

joints

represent

air

gaps

which

are

bridged

two

adjust

able

magnetic

shunts

The

operating

and

restraint

windings

are

concentrically

wound

around

mag

netic

core

The

armature

fastened

this

core

one

end

and

floats

the

front

air

gap

the

other

end

The

moving

contact

connected

the

free

end

leaf

spring

CONSTRUCTION

The

relay

consists

combination

positive

and

zero

phase

sequence

filter

saturating

auxiliary

trans

former

two

full

wave

rectifier

units

polar

type

relay

unit

zener

clipper

and

indicating

contactor

switch

(

ICS

)

all

mounted

single

case

The

external

equip

ment

normally

supplied

with

the

relay

consists

insulating

transformer

milliammeter

and

test

switch

SEQUENCE

FILTER

The

sequence

filter

consists

three

legged

iron

core

reactor

and

set

resistors

designated

and

The

reactor

has

three

windings

;

two

primary

and

tapped

secondary

winding

wound

the

center

leg

”

type

lamination

The

secondary

taps

are

wired

the

circularly

arranged

tap

connec

RESTRAINT

TAPS

set

restraint

taps

are

located

the

front

the

relay

near

the

polar

unit

These

taps

are

the

maximum

and

minimum

restraint

taps

the

relay

All

possible

contingencies

which

may

arise

during

installation

operation

maintenance

and

all

details

and

variations

this

equipment

not

purport

covered

these

instructions

further

information

desired

purchaser

regarding

this

particular

installation

operation

maintenance

this

equipment

the

local

Asea

Brown

Boveri

representative

should

contacted

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

INDICATING

CONTACTOR

SWITCH

UNIT

(

ICS

)

mum

current

the

pilot

wire

This

increase

operating

current

overcomes

the

restraining

effect

and

both

the

relays

operate

The

indicating

contactor

switch

small

clapper

type

device

magnetic

armature

which

leaf

spring

mounted

contacts

are

attached

tracted

the

magnetic

core

upon

energization

the

switch

When

the

switch

closes

the

moving

contacts

bridge

two

stationary

contacts

bypassing

the

main

relay

contacts

Also

during

this

operation

two

fin

gers

the

armature

deflect

spring

located

the

front

the

switch

which

allows

the

operation

indi

cator

target

drop

The

target

reset

from

the

out

side

the

case

push

rod

located

the

bottom

the

cover

Within

limits

defined

Figure

and

under

Characteristics

all

the

relays

will

operate

for

internal

fault

regardless

the

fault

current

distribu

tion

the

various

stations

The

nominal

pickup

(

total

internal

fault

current

)

the

relaying

system

equal

the

minimum

trip

single

relay

multi

plied

the

number

relays

For

example

the

pickup

each

relay

with

the

pilot

wire

open

amperes

two

terminal

line

system

has

nominal

pickup

amperes

{

The

front

spring

addition

holding

the

target

provides

restraint

for

the

armature

and

thus

controls

the

pick

value

the

switch

PILOT

WIRE

EFFECTS

Figure

can

seen

that

short

circuited

pilot

wire

will

short

circuit

the

relay

operating

coils

Depending

the

location

the

short

least

one

the

relays

will

fail

trip

during

internal

fault

the

pilot

wire

open

circuited

almost

all

the

straint

coil

current

will

flow

through

the

operating

coil

and

the

relay

operates

over

current

device

OPERATION

The

connection

the

HCB

system

relays

the

protected

transmission

line

shown

Fig

such

connection

the

relays

operate

for

faults

within

the

line

terminals

but

not

for

faults

external

the

protected

transmission

line

This

accom

plished

comparing

the

relative

polarities

vol

tages

opposite

ends

the

transmission

line

means

metallic

pilot

wire

Excessive

pilot

wire

series

impedance

will

proach

open

circuited

condition

and

the

relays

will

operate

during

external

faults

Excessive

pilot

wire

shunt

capacitance

will

approach

short

circuited

con

dition

and

the

relays

will

not

operate

shown

Figure

the

composite

sequence

filter

each

HCB

relay

receives

three

phase

current

from

the

current

transformers

the

transmission

line

The

composite

sequence

filter

the

HCB

converts

the

three

phase

current

input

into

single

phase

voltage

output

magnitude

which

adjustable

func

tion

the

phase

positive

and

zero

sequence

current

This

voltage

impressed

the

primary

wiring

the

saturating

transformer

The

saturating

transformer

output

voltage

applied

the

relay

coils

and

the

pilot

wire

through

insulating

transformer

The

saturat

ing

transformer

and

zener

clipper

across

its

secondary

winding

serve

limit

the

energy

input

the

pilot

wire

During

external

fault

assuming

matched

relays

the

magnitude

ofVg

both

stations

will

the

same

The

relative

polarities

the

voltages

will

shown

Figure

Since

the

voltages

add

most

the

current

will

circulate

through

the

restraint

coils

and

the

pilot

wire

with

minimum

operating

coil

current

The

relative

effects

the

operating

and

straintcoil

currents

are

such

that

the

relay

restrained

POLAR

UNIT

THEORY

The

polar

unit

flux

paths

are

shown

Figure

With

balanced

air

gaps

the

permanent

magnet

pro

duces

flux

flowing

two

paths

one

through

the

front

gaps

and

one

through

the

rear

gaps

This

flux

produces

north

and

south

poles

shown

turning

the

left

shunt

some

the

flux

forced

through

the

armature

making

north

pole

Thus

reducing

the

left

hand

rear

gap

will

produce

force

tending

pull

the

armature

the

right

Similarly

reducing

the

right

hand

gap

will

produce

force

tending

pull

the

armature

the

left

CHARACTERISTICS

The

voltage

impressed

the

filter

upon

the

saturating

transformer

(

volts

where

and

are

the

positive

and

zero

sequence

tap

values

respectively

;

(

)

During

internal

fault

the

relative

polarities

reverse

Since

the

voltages

now

oppose

each

other

most

the

current

flowing

the

restraint

coils

also

forced

through

the

operating

coils

with

mini

and

IAO

are

the

Positive

and

zero

sequence

phase

current

inputs

respectively

amperes

These

are

vector

quantities

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

Fig

Type

HCB

Relay

Without

Case

(

Front

View

)

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

Type

HCB

Relay

Without

Case

(

Rear

View

)

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

NOMINAL

PICKUP

(

ALL

RELAYS

)

SINGLE

RELAY

PICKUP

(

PILOT

WIRE

OPEN

)

defined

Single

relay

pickup

defined

the

phase

current

required

operate

one

relay

with

the

pilot

wire

side

the

insulating

transformer

open

circuited

(

)

The

single

relay

pickup

point

terms

filter

voltage

The

nominal

pickup

nom

(

)

KIS

nom

total

internal

fault

current

number

relays

(

)

single

relay

pickup

with

pilot

wire

disconnected

(

see

above

)

where

nom

0.2

(

)

where

the

saturating

transformer

tap

value

Single

relay

pickup

defined

equating

(

)

(

)

For

example

for

phase

ground

fault

IAO

with

the

pilot

wire

open

circuited

the

single

relay

pickup

was

previously

determined

IAG

0.471

pere

For

two

terminal

line

the

nominal

pickup

for

phase

ground

fault

(

0.1

;

1.6

;

)

0.2

—

IAQ

(

)

(

)

Current

varies

with

the

type

fault

For

ample

for

phase

fault

since

only

posi

tive

sequence

currentis

present

Substituting

IAI

(

)

rearranging

the

phase

fault

pickup

(

)

0.471

0.942

ampere

nom

—

(

phase

fault

) (

)

IAI

MINIMUM

TRIP

(

ALL

RELAYS

)

IORI

With

equal

inputs

all

relays

and

zero

pilot

wire

shunt

capacitance

the

relays

will

operate

their

nominal

pick

point

The

minimum

trip

points

will

vary

somewhat

from

nominal

value

depending

the

pilot

wire

constants

and

the

magnitude

and

phase

angle

the

various

relay

input

currents

For

exam

ple

Figure

shows

the

relay

operating

points

for

two

terminal

line

assuming

input

current

the

near

relay

only

0.1

1.6

IORi

0.1

—

amp

(

phase

fault

)

For

phase

ground

fault

(

phase

negative

sequence

current

)

0.2

(

)

example

the

characteristics

with

various

current

distributions

shown

Figure

The

filter

output

voltage

each

relay

defined

equation

(

)

must

phase

180

degrees

out

phase

order

for

Figure

apply

0.2

lAl

(

)

But

INSULATING

TRANSFORMER

0.2

(

fault

)

(

)

Unless

otherwise

noted

all

characteristics

pre

sented

include

insulating

transformer

with

each

relay

Two

ratios

are

available

and

The

high

voltage

side

connected

the

pilot

wires

0.1

1.6

0.2

0.1

1.6

0.8

0.471

amp

(

fault

)

1.7

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

INTERNAL

SCHEMATIC

)

(

INDICATING

CONTACTOR

SWITCH

ICS

HCB

ICS

HCB

POLAR

UNIT

HCB

Kio

]

ZENER

CLIPPER

SATURATING

TRANSFORMER

RESISTOR

1.6

WINDING

MUTUAL

REACTOR

FORMED

WIRE

RESISTOR

CHASSIS

OPERATED

SHORTING

SWITCH

RED

HANDLE

CURRENT

TEST

JACK

TEST

SWITCH

NOTE

TERMINALS

JUMPERED

RELAY

CASE

“

TERMINAL

FRONT

VIE

Sub

629

312

Internal

Schematic

the

Type

HCB

Relay

’

Case

(

Double

Trip

Circuit

)

For

the

Single

Trip

Relay

the

Circuits

Associated

with

Terminal

are

omitted

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

INSULATING

TRANSFORMER

SATURATING

TRANSFORMER

)

SATURATING

TRANSFORMER

PILOT

FILTER

WIRE

RESTRAINT

COIL

OPERATING

COIL

SATURATING

TRANSFORMER

VOLTAGE

OUTPUT

(

REEATIVE

POLARITIES

ARE

FOR

THRU

CURRENT

EXTERNAL

FAULT

)

183

061

Fig

Simplified

External

Schematic

the

HCB

Belay

System

SHUNT

PERMANENT

MAGNET

)

ARMATuRE

ADDITIONAL

FLUX

PATH

Mllfs

MOVINu

CONTACT

UNBALANCED

AIR

CAPS

BALANCED

AIR

JAPS

183

062

Fig

Polar

Unit

Permanent

Magnet

Flux

Paths

PILOT

WIRE

REQUIREMENTS

TABLE

The

relays

should

not

applied

with

pilot

wire

series

resistance

shunt

capacitance

exceeding

the

following

values

Insulating

Transformer

Ratio

Relays

2000

LEG

]

1000

LEG

0.75

1.8

series

loop

resistance

ohms

total

shunt

capacitance

microfarads

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

the

remote

ground

potential

the

presence

rise

station

ground

potential

They

not

limit

pilot

wire

voltages

safe

values

the

presence

longitudinal

induced

voltage

When

using

the

neutralizing

reactor

the

pilot

wire

sheath

should

insulated

from

station

ground

minimize

sheath

pair

potential

the

presence

rise

station

ground

potential

All

other

pairs

the

cable

which

are

connected

station

ground

should

also

pro

tected

with

neutralizing

reactors

minimize

pair

voltages

)

Drainage

reactors

may

connected

across

the

pilot

wire

and

ground

through

642

protector

tube

The

drainage

reactor

particularly

effective

limiting

pair

ground

voltage

the

presence

induced

voltage

When

the

tube

flashes

both

wires

are

connected

ground

through

the

drainage

reactor

windings

which

offer

low

impedance

ground

but

maintain

high

impedance

voltage

across

the

wires

Thus

the

HCB

system

will

operate

normally

even

though

the

protector

tube

has

flashed

over

The

drainage

reactor

not

intended

handle

rise

ground

potential

619594

Fig

Typical

Curves

Showing

the

Effect

the

Pilot

Wire

Minimum

Trip

Current

Two

Terminal

Line

(

Maximum

Restraint

Tap

)

Insulating

Transformer

Ratio

Where

the

shunt

capacitance

exceeds

the

above

amount

may

feasible

some

cases

provide

shunt

reactors

compensate

for

the

excessive

pacitance

The

amount

capacitance

which

can

compensated

limited

and

varies

depending

upon

the

magnitude

the

pilot

wire

distributed

effect

)

The

neutralizing

and

drainage

reactors

may

utilized

together

the

neutralizing

reactor

any

value

the

drainage

reactor

through

the

642

pro

tector

tube

must

connected

remote

ground

For

information

with

reference

the

insula

tion

and

protection

equipment

refer

971.4

shielded

twisted

pilot

wire

pair

preferably

AWG

larger

recommended

;

however

open

wires

may

used

they

are

frequently

transposed

areas

exposure

power

circuit

induction

The

voltage

impressed

across

either

insulating

transformer

(

)

result

induction

rise

sta

tion

ground

potential

should

less

than

7.5

volts

prevent

undesired

relay

operation

TRIP

CIRCUIT

The

main

contacts

will

safely

amperes

250

volts

and

the

seal

contacts

the

dicating

contactor

switch

will

safely

carry

this

cur

rent

long

enough

trip

circuit

breaker

The

indicating

contactor

switch

has

two

taps

that

provide

pick

setting

0.2

amperes

change

taps

requires

connecting

the

lead

located

front

the

tap

block

the

desired

setting

means

screw

connection

For

three

terminal

applications

the

loop

resist

ance

all

legs

the

pilot

wire

must

balanced

within

percent

with

variable

resistors

shown

Figure

The

pilot

wire

resistance

balanced

divided

and

for

the

and

ratio

insulating

transformers

respectively

since

the

bal

ancing

resistors

are

located

the

relay

side

the

insulating

transformers

SETTINGS

There

are

four

settings

the

relay

The

correct

tap

setting

should

determined

outlined

under

Setting

Calculations

”

)

Restraint

taps

maximum

minimum

change

taps

connect

the

lead

front

the

relay

the

correct

tap

Induced

voltages

and

rises

station

ground

tential

may

handled

the

following

means

1 1

)

Neutralizing

reactors

may

connected

series

with

the

pilot

wire

hold

the

pilot

wire

potential

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

•

)

“

)

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

971.2

—

•

—

‘

—

flO

—

woo

miui

Sis

—

001

•

(

—

Sis

rrr

;

rfi

)

Tlx

—

ficlu

twitw

•

—

•

(

•

“

Sol

sryy

rlj

arr

•

yrt

“

Sis

410

948

External

Schematic

the

Type

HCB

Relay

Case

•

Two

Three

Terminal

Line

Fig

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

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