3B SCIENTIFIC Hall Effect Basic Apparatus Manuel utilisateur
3B SCIENTIFIC®PHYSICS
1
Hall Effect Basic Apparatus 1009934
Instruction manual
10/15 ALF
1 Decoupled measurement outputs (4-mm-safety
sockets)
2 Earth socket
3 Power supply input, 12 V AC/3A
4 4-mm plugs for insertion into supplied U-shaped
holder
5 Trimmer for sample current
6 Sample fixture
7 Measurement outputs, 4-mm safety sockets
8 Trimmer for Hall voltage compensation
9 Trimmer for temperature
10 Decoupled measurement outputs (8-pin mini-
DIN sockets)
11 Display
12 Fixture for magnetic field sensor
13 Buttons for changing display
1. Safety instructions
The equipment conforms to safety regulations for
electrical measuring instruments and control and
laboratory equipment as per DIN EN 61010, part 1
and is designed to conform to protection class 3. It
is intended for use in dry rooms which are suitable
for the use of electrical equipment.
If the equipment can no longer be operated
without hazards arising, it should immediate-
ly be withdrawn from use.
Do not expose the equipment to high humidity,
extreme temperatures or severe shocks.
Before using the equipment, read the in-
struction manual in order to avoid damage to
the equipment or injury to users.
The board with the sample can become very hot
when in operation (170°C) so that there is a risk of
burns.
Before removing the circuit board, allow it
sufficient time to cool.
2
2. Description
The Hall effect basic apparatus provides con-
tacts and power supply for the circuit boards
with a germanium crystal (1008522, 1009810
and 1009760), also holding them in place in ex-
periments measuring the Hall effect and how it
depends on temperature, magnetic field or sam-
ple current, as well as experiments on electrical
conductivity.
The apparatus contains an adjustable constant
current source for the sample current, a meas-
urement amplifier with offset compensation for
the Hall voltage and adjustable heating for sam-
ples. The heating automatically cuts out at 170°C
to protect fragile germanium crystals. Hall volt-
age, sample current, sample voltage and tem-
perature can all be read off from the display,
which can be switched between these various
modes. In addition, Hall voltage and sample volt-
age can be tapped directly via contacts on the
front, and three voltage equivalents for Hall volt-
age or sample voltage, sample current and sam-
ple temperature on the side. On the right-hand
side of the case there are three mini-DIN sockets
for computer-based measurement of the quanti-
ties mentioned above using a 3B NETlogTM unit.
The equipment is set up on the U-shaped core of
the multi-piece transformer kit. The magnetic field
can be measured using a magnetic field sensor
adjacent to the crystal.
3. Contents
1 Hall effect basic apparatus
1 U-shaped holder
2 Connector leads with 8-pin mini-DIN plugs
Instruction manual
4. Controls
4.1 Decoupled measurement outputs for
measuring voltage equivalents for quan-
tities
Fig.1 Measurement outputs using 4-mm sockets and
8-pin mini-DIN sockets for 3B NETlogTM
a/e Hall voltage/sample voltage*
b/f Sample current
c/g Sample temperature
d Earth socket
* only if UPis being displayed, otherwise it out-
puts the Hall voltage
4.2 Measurement outputs for direct meas-
urement
Fig. 2 Measurement outputs for direct measurement
h1, h2 Sample voltage
i1, i2 Hall voltage
Caution: do not any apply an external volt-
age to the measurement outputs!
4.3 Buttons for switching display and corre-
sponding LEDs
Fig. 3 Buttons for switching display
k Hall voltage or sample voltage (Hold down
for 2 s to display sample voltage)
l Sample current
m Sample temperature
3
5. Technical data
Power supply:
max. 12 V AC, 3 A via 4-mm safety sockets
Constant current source for sample current:
Current: 0 to ±34 mA, tol.: ±1 mA
Display precision: ±2.5 %
Display resolution: 0.1 mA
Measurement output: IP= Umeas * 0.1 A/V
Hall voltage and compensation:
Display: 0 to ±199.9 mV
Display precision: ±2.5%
Display resolution: 0.1 mV
Compensation: ±10 mV, tol.: +5 mV
Measurement output: UH= Umeas * 0.1
Sample voltage:
Display: 0 to ±1.999 V
Display precision: ±2.5%
Display resolution: 1 mV
Measurement output: UP= Umeas
Sample temperature:
Range: T0to 170°C, tol.: ±3°C
Display precision: ±2%
Display resolution: 0.1 °C
Measurement output: T(°C) = Umeas * 100/V
Attachment for circuit boards:
Connector: Multi-pin socket
Outputs:
Hall voltage: 4-mm safety sockets
Voltage drop across
germanium crystal: 4-mm safety sockets
Voltage equivalents: 4-mm safety sockets
8-pin mini-DIN sockets
(for 3B NETlogTM)
General data:
Dimensions: 180x110x50 mm approx.
Weight: 0.5 kg approx.
6. Operation
6.1 Experiment set-up for uniform magnetic
field and attachment of circuit boards
The following equipment is necessary to set up
a uniform magnetic field:
1 P-doped germanium on circuit board 1009810
or
1 N-doped germanium on circuit board 1009760
or
1 Undoped germanium on circuit board 1008522
1 U-shaped core 1000979
1 Pair of pole pieces for Hall effect plus clamps
1009935
2 Coils, 600 windings 1000988
1 Magnetic field sensor, ±2000 mT 1009941
Place the U-shaped core on a stable, level
surface.
Place coils over the core in such a way that
their connectors are facing the front.
Insert the U-shaped holder all the way into
the hole in the U-shaped core and secure it
in place with the knurled screw.
Place the pole pieces on the legs of the core
and secure them in place with clamps (see
Fig. 4).
Fig. 4 Set-up on U-shaped core with coils, pole pieces
and U-shaped holder
Insert the circuit board into the attachment
on the console until the contact pins slot into
the multi-pin socket. Make sure the circuit
board is correctly aligned (see Fig. 5).
Insert the console with the circuit board at-
tached onto the U-shaped holder. Make sure
the board is held parallel with the U-shaped
core. You may need to turn the U-shaped
holder slightly (see Fig. 6).
Insert the magnetic field sensor into the
corresponding attachment on the console.
Undo the clamps and move the pole pieces
as far as the spacers on the circuit board
(make sure the board does not get warped)
(see Fig. 7/8).
Fig. 5 Insertion of circuit board
4
Fig. 6 Console inserted onto U-shaped holder
Fig. 7 Set-up with magnetic field sensor, side view
Fig.8 Set-up with magnetic field sensor, front view
7. Experiments
7.1 Measurement of Hall voltage as a func-
tion of magnetic flux density B, tempera-
ture Tor sample current Ifor n- or p-
doped germanium
The following equipment is needed for the ex-
periments:
1 Transformer with rectifier, 3 A @230 V 1003316
or
1 Transformer with rectifier, 3 A @115 V 1003315
1 DC power supply, 20 V, 5 A @230 V 1003312
or
1 DC power supply, 20 V, 5 A @115 V 1003311
1 3B NETlog™ unit @230 V 1000540
or
1 3B NETlog™ unit @115 V 1000539
1 Set of 15 safety experiment leads 1002843
Complete the experiment set-up as shown in
Fig. 9.
Connect the AC output of the transformer to
the input sockets for the power supply and
set an output voltage of 12 V.
Connect the coils to the DC power supply.
Connect the magnetic field sensor to the 3B
NETlog™unit.
Select sample current IP(for max. sample
current see instruction manual for germani-
um crystal), select the Hall voltage on the
console and adjust the zero point for the Hall
voltage with the help of the compensation
trimmer.
7.1.1 Hall voltage as a function of sample current IP
Turn on the DC power supply and set it up
as a constant current source
Select magnetic flux density B or coil current
and record the Hall voltage UHas a function
of the sample current IP.
For your measurement plots, see the manu-
al for the relevant circuit boards.
7.1.2 Hall voltage as a function of magnetic flux
density B
Select a constant sample current, e.g.
20 mA.
Vary the magnetic flux density Bby chang-
ing the current through the coils and record
the corresponding Hall voltage UH.
For your measurement plots, see the manu-
al for the relevant circuit boards.
3B Scientific GmbH ▪ Rudorffweg 8 ▪ 21031 Hamburg ▪ Germany ▪ www.3bscientific.com
Subject to technical amendments
© Copyright 2015 3B Scientific GmbH
7.1.3 Hall voltage as a function of temperature T
Select magnetic flux density B or coil cur-
rent.
Switch on the heating controller and record
the Hall voltage UHas a function of tempera-
ture.
It is recommended that the sample be heat-
ed to 170°C and to write down the Hall volt-
age as it cools down.
Turn on the heating controller and record the
Hall voltage UHas a function of temperature.
For your measurement plots, see the manu-
al for the relevant circuit boards.
7.2 Measurement of conductivity as a func-
tion of temperature T
The following equipment is needed for the ex-
periments:
1 Transformer with rectifier, 3 A @230 1003316
or
1 Transformer with rectifier, 3 A @115 V 1003315
Select a small sample current IP.Since the
current will cause the sample to heat up, you
should not exceed a current of 5mA.
Switch the display to sample voltage.
Turn on the heating controller and record the
sample voltage UPas a function of tempera-
ture.
For your measurement plots, see the manu-
al for the relevant circuit boards.
8. Care and maintenance
Before cleaning the equipment, disconnect it
from its power supply and remove the circuit
board.
Use a soft, damp cloth to clean it.
Keep the circuit board in the original box
after it has been used and has cooled down.
9. Disposal
The packaging should be disposed of at
local recycling points.
Should you need to dispose of the equip-
ment itself, never throw it away in normal
domestic waste. Local regulations for the
disposal of electrical equipment will apply.
Fig. 9 Experiment set-up for investigating the Hall effect with a uniform magnetic field
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