Voltik II Manuel utilisateur
Guide for construction kit
Guidelines for construction
of 50 electronic models
from a honker to a radio
Safety
This symbol on the product means that used electrical product must not be disposed of with
household waste. To ensure proper disposal of the product hand it in at the designated collection
points, where it will be accepted free of charge. By disposing of this product you will help save
valuable natural resources and prevent potential negative effects on the environment and human
health, which could otherwise arise from inappropriate waste handling. For more details, please contact your
local authorities or the nearest collection point. The improper disposal of this type of waste may fall subject to
national regulations for fines.
2
Principles for the safe handling of batteries:
- Use only the recommended type of batteries.
- Insert the batteries in the correct polarity.
- Do not mix rechargeable and normal batteries.
- Do not use new and used batteries together.
- Do not recharge batteries that are not intended for charging!
- Remove dead batteries from the toy and hand over for recycling.
- Batteries must only be charged under the supervision of an adult
- Batteries must be removed before charging from the toy.
- The power terminals must not be short-circuited.
- This information should be retained for future reference!
Introduction
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After the favorable acceptance of our electronic construction kit VOLTÍK I designed especially for children with no
experience with electronics, we bring you a construction kit VOLTÍK II. - Electronic laboratory, which will open wide the
doors to the colorful world of hobby - electronics, some principles which you will learn with this kit, are also used in industry.
The kit contains the working panel on which are soldered on the back of the sockets the electronic components,
interconnecting electrical wires and rubber plugs for wires fastening. Sockets (and thus the electronic components) are
connected using electrical wires according to the instructions in this guide, then the result is always one of the 50 models
with a variety of features. For example you can build 4 different sirens, alarm responsive to light, sensitive noise detector
and "color music", non-contact metal detector, electronic metronome, field telephone, electronic device for "Head-Tails" or
even a crystal or simple AM radio. For model no. 51 - "Something extra" kit contains everything you need for making your
own source of electricity from a lemon and use it to light the light emitter in your kit. Kits enables you to build different
variant of the circuits or a completely new electronic circuit boards. To create entirely new schemes you will need some
experience and theoretical knowledge that this guide does not contain and which must be obtained in the literature.
VOLTIK II. is designed as VOLTIK I., for a broad range of children, including those that have little to no experience with
electronics. It contains wiring diagrams of the exact procedure of wiring of mechanical. VOLTIK II. requires greater
accuracy of wiring, since the schemes are, in contrast to VOLTIK I., complex and error in wiring can cause damage to
some of the semiconductor devices. Components used in the kit are easy to come by in every major city, so it can be easily
replaced. List of components is at the page XX. If you want some models to construct permanently as a standalone device,
it is possible to buy components according to the wiring diagram and solder these to the universal printed circuit board. If
you have no experience with soldering, you will certainly find someone in your area, who will consult with soldering or
borrow a book for young radio fans.
For your satisfaction, please accept a few principles that reduce the risk of disappointment from the failing model or
destroyed components:
- Put 4 AA batteries (R6-AA-1.5V) in the right direction to the housing on the side of the working panel according to
Fig. 1
- Do not use differently discharged batteries.
-Attach the stripped wire ends into the sockets as shown in Fig. 2 using the rubber pins so as to be in reliable
contact. Only then can electric current go through and models can not function properly. If the wire only lightly touches
the socket and is not properly secured with a rubber plug, while current can flow, but this poor connection acts as an
unwanted electric resistance, which can in some models affect their performance.
-Work according to "Wiring guides". These are made so the circuit can be constructed systematically and with
minimal risk of wrong or omitted connection. Some more complex schemes (particularly with amplifier) would not work
correctly even when right, but connedted in wrong order.
- Insert the batteries into the case only after checking of wiring. When connecting the circuit you just need to pull
out of the housing only ona battery - power is interrupted to the sockets 1 and 2 and during the wiring, when the wires on the
panel can touch the sockets without a risk that a component could be accidentally destroyed. Always check the wiring and
the quality of the wires in the terminal (whether loose or tucked in too deep - see Fig.1D) before inserting the battery. For
more complex models perform even the recommended partial checks after the partial construction of the model ("Check
Connections"), which significantly reduces the risk of error in the overall connection.
- Unplug malfunctioning model from power supply. A model that does not work as directed, indicated a mistake in
wiring and also the likely possibility that some component is electrically overloaded. Shut off power supply immediatelly by
taking out the battery from the case on the side panel or switching the slide switch down (when the model involved has a
switch) and try to detect and remove the error. We recommend to check the quality of wiring on all sockets and tighten the
loose wires. If model still doesn't work, check connections according to "Wiring guide". If there are more errors in wiring, it
is faster and more reliable to remove all wires from model and wire them again.
4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5
fig. 2: Fixing of conductors in contact sockets fig. 1 Inserting the batteries
A
C
B
D
a total of 4 pieces of
the R6 - AA - 1,5V
battery
Push in and twist
rubber plug
Right Wrong
Wiring guides
Wires:
1 pc -
1 pc - -
2 pcs - - -
Wiring
guide:
1 - 4
3 - - - 19
20 - - 45
46 - - - 2
6
- Conductors:
VOLTÍK II. includes 49 pcs of connection wires in these numbers and lengths: 15 pcs -5 cm, 20
pcs -12,5 cm, 10 pcs -25 cm and 4 pcs -100 cm.
Cable lengthts is in this text indicated by number of dashes, 5 cm long conductors (size no.1) are
designated "-", 12,5 cm long conductors (size no.2) has symbol "- -", 25 cm long conductors (size
no.3) are designated "- - -"and 100 cm long conductors (size no.4) are designated "- - - -" According
to EXAMPLE (at this page on the right side) you need 1 wire no.1, 1 wire no.2 and 2 wires no.3
(conductor no.4 is not used in this model). -
Wiring guide:
is a list of connections, to be carried out by electric wire between the sockets on the work panel so
that model would work according to instructions. In our example, therefore, take one wire no.1 and
connect one of the stripped ends to the socket no.1 on the work panel using rubber plug (shown in
Fig. 1) and attach the other end in the same way into the socket no.4. Next, attach the wire no.3 to
sockets 3 and 19, then wire no.2 to sockets 20 and 45 and finally wire no.3 ti sockets 46 and 2. When
connecting, follow lines of "Wiring guide" top to bottom. Great is sliding for example a piece of paper
and covering wiring still not done, so you don't forget anything.
That's all you need to know, and now you can start work. Have fun!.
WARNING!!!
NEVER CONNECT VOLTÍK TO WALL SOCKET OR ANY OTHER ELECTRICAL DEVICE !!!
YOU CAN INJURE YOURSELF (EVEN DEADLY) AND CAUSE EXTENSIVE DAMAGE !!!
EXAMPLE
MODELS
Wires
1pc -
3pcs - - -
Wiring
guide:
1 - - - 9
10 - 45
46 - - -21
22 - - - 2
8
Let's begin with the simplest. Circuit in accordance with the circuit diagram in Fig. 1.1 contains
the power supply (battery, AA batteries, 4), appliance - light emitting diode (LED), a resistor that
limits the current through the LED diode, switch button and connecting wires. Connect the sockets
on the panel as indicated or according the "Wiring guide", insert the battery into the enclosure on the
side panel of Voltik and after pressing the button light will start to shine. By pressing the button
contacts touch and closes the electrical circuit. Electric current flows after button press from the plus
(+) terminal of the battery through the connected components to minus (-) terminal of the battery.
LED diode is connected in the forward direction, so it conducts current, and lights up. After releasing
the button, the circuit is interrupted, the current ceases to pass through, and LED goes off.
Now try to connect the light reversely (swap each wire ends mounted in sockets 21 and 22). The
diode is now connected in the reverse direction, does not pass current, and thus does not light after
pressing of button. You have confirmed the fundamental function of semiconductor diodes -lets
current flow in only one direction. Using this simple connection you can whenever you are in doubt
confirm whether the individual light is fine. In the diagram is connected yellow LED but by switching
the ends of the wires from the sockets 21 and 22 into the sockets 19 and 20, where 23 and 24 can
light up red or green LED. WARNING! It is necessary that the LED diode circuit always includes
limiting resistor. If you connect the LED diode in the forward direction directly to the power supply -
the battery, surely it will be destroyed.
fig.1.1
1. Electrical circuit with button, resistor and light
yellow
2. Electrical circuit with light intensity switch
Wires:
2pcs -
1pc - -
3pcs - - -
Wiring
guide:
1 - 4
3 - - - 45
5 - - - 49
46 - 50
50 - - 21
22 - - - 2
9
On this circuit you can try the electric resistance in the circuit. After connecting the circuit diagram
from Fig. 2.1 and insertion of the battery yellow LED lights. You can change the brightness using
switch.
Switch passes a current to light through a resistor either 180Ω (Ω-OHM - the unit of electrical
resistance) in the upper position of switch or via a resistor 560Ω (switch in the down position). If
resistance has greater value - 560Ω brightness is weaker because, the current passing through it is
smaller than with resistance 180Ω. Replace the resistance R6 - 560Ω by switching of cable
connections to adjacent resistor on the panel R5 - 8,2k Ω (8200 Ω), which has almost 15 times bigger
value. Light is now very weak, because the current flowing through it is much smaller. (On the Voltik
panel you find two more resistors - 100k - 100000 Ω and 1M0 - 1 million Ω)
Electrical resistance properties that you confirmed are described by so called Ohm's law - the
relationship between electric voltage, resistance R and current I flowing through the resistor. We
commit to falsity in order to facilitate understanding and light resistance can be ignored. Then the
current flowing through your circuit is computed using the following formula:
fig. 2.1
Power supply voltage
U=4x1,5V=6V
(V - Unit of electrical
voltage) Current in circuit
(A - unit of electrical
current)
yellow
fig. 3.1
3. Electrical circuit with button and switch in serial connection
The circuit that you construct according to figure 3.1, allows you to understand the principle of the serial connection of
switches. Circuit is also model of also called logical function "AND". After connecting according to diagram or "wiring
guide" insert the battery and switch up to "ON" position and press button - light turns on. When you release the LED goes
off. When you push the switch down to the "OFF" by pressing the button the light does not start to shine. It follows that
when the light in serial wiring switches only, when both button and switch are ON. Logic function generally expresses the
relationship between the input variables - in this case the switch status (on or off) and output variable - in this connection is
that the brightness of the LED diode. The logical functions are tabulated. Our involvement assign states when the button or
switch is ON, marking LOG 1 (logical 1 - on), button or switch off is log 0 (logic 0 - off). If light is on, we take it that the output
value of the is LOG 1, when not lit, the value of the output value is LOG 0. Table of logic function "AND" that you have
modeled will take the form shown in Fig. 3.2
fig. 3.2
Button Switch Light
LOG 0 LOG 0 LOG 0
LOG 0 LOG 1 LOG 0
LOG 1 LOG 0 LOG 0
LOG 1 LOG 1 LOG 1
Wires:
2pcs -
2pcs - -
1pc - - -
Wiring
guide:
1 - 4
3 - - 9
10 - 45
46 - - 21
22 - - - 2
10
yellow
Table des matières
