Velleman VM207 Manuel utilisateur

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USER MANUAL

64 LED RGB MATRIX

Table of contents

LED’s get started!

Preparing the 64 LED RGB matrix 3

Data lines 3

Power supply 6

Controlling the 64 LED RGB matrix 8

What microcontroller should I use? 8

Connecting a panel to an Arduino™ Uno 8

Adafruit™ neopixel library 9

Adafruit™ neomatrix library 13

Mounting the 64 LED RGB matrix 17

Mounting holes 17

3D print mounting brackets 18

K8403USER MANUAL

Before we go into detail about how to write software and display something on your panel(s) we’ll explain

how to prepare your panel(s) correctly.

Data lines

Before adding power, you need to understand how the WS2812 LEDs are connected to each other. Each LED

acts as a shift register and shifts display data from its input to its output and over to the next LED. That is

how the display data propagates through a panel, from one led to the next. In the VM207, the LEDs are

connected in rows and each row has a returning line so the beginning of the next row can be connected to

the end of the previous row. This feature has the benet that rows are not “zigzaged” and it is possible to

connect more panels together without having to jump through software hoops to control a bigger panel.

Study the drawing below carefully to understand how these LEDs are wired.

g. 1

Preparing the 64 LED RGB matrix

K8403USER MANUAL

You can see that the panel is not going to work right away because the rst row just ends and isn’t connected

to anything. The display data would just stop at the end of the rst row of LEDs and not continue through the

panel. To use the panel as an 8 x 8 display and let the display data travel to each LED you will have to

connect the pads as shown in the drawing below (indicated by the yellow soldering connections). Just using a

bit of solder to connect these pads is enough.

If you follow the display data pad now, you can see that all rows are interconnected and they effectively

represent a long string of WS2812 LEDs.

g. 2

K8403USER MANUAL

The drawing below shows how you can tile two (or more) panel(s) next to each other by connecting the solder

pads at the sides with some bare wire.

You can see that a row now exists out of 16 LEDs instead of 8.

You can also tile the panels vertically, this is done by just connecting the DATA OUT of the previous row of

panels to the DATA IN of a new row of panels. Be careful as this connection can be fragile when you have larger

assemblies.

g. 3

g. 4

K8403USER MANUAL

Power supply

Powering the VM207 is a bit simpler. There are 3 contacts labeled DV+, LV+ and GND, they respectively stand

for Data Voltage +, LED Voltage +, and Ground. The WS2812 LEDs that are mounted on the panels are

the 6 pin variant and these have separate pins for the 5 V for the LED die and the 5 V for the IC die inside the

package. So the DV+ pad is connected to all the IC die pins and the LD+ pin is connected to all the LED die

pins. In most occasions you can just connect these two and all will be OK. If you are worried by brown-outs due

to line-loss when you have a lot of panels that are operating at high brightness, you can have the IC dies on a

seperate 5 V supply (common ground!)

So the easiest way to power the panel is as shown in the drawing below:

g. 5

SOME THINGS TO REMEMBER

• Keep the data connections as short as possible.

• Do not split the data line as this will not work. (One LED cannot send data to two or more following LEDs)

• The LEDs expect a TTL level (5 V) data signal but you can get an assembly working with an 3.3 V micor-

controller output (but 5V is better...)

• Place a 470 Ohm resistor between the controller data output pin and the input of the rst panel. (This is

not always necessary but it can help when you are having trouble with noisy data lines)

K8403USER MANUAL

When you have more panels you will need to place them in parallel. When you are having a lot of panels,

make sure you are using wires of the correct gauge or use multiple wires from the supply to the

panels!

g. 6

SOME THINGS TO REMEMBER

• Always use a 1000 µf capacitor (included) in parallel with your power supply.

• Do not turn your power supply on and off with the panels connected as power-up/down spikes can harm

the LEDs on your panel.

• Always connect ground rst.

• Use an appropriate cable to power your panels as these can draw a lot of amps (3.5 A per panel at full

brightness). Line-loss voltage can be a factor when working with these panels.

• Do not stare at the panels at full brightness from a close distance, this can be disorientating.

• Remember that using a lot of panels at full brightness can generate a lot of heat, in some applications you

will have to address this heat build-up (fan, heatsink, ...) to ensure the life of the panels.

K8403USER MANUAL

Controlling the 64 LED RGB matrix

What microcontroller should I use?

You can use a lot of microcontrollers or microcontroller platforms to control your panel. But to make things easy

and fast, we are going to explain how you use your panel with a microcontroller platform that is compatible with

the Arduino IDE, like the Uno, Mega, Teensy and many others.

If you do not want to use any of these platforms, you will have to dive a bit deeper and learn how to create

the data stream that is needed to control a bunch of WS2812 LEDs. You can nd the needed information here:

WS2812 DATASHEET.

Connecting a panel to an Arduino Uno

Follow the drawing below to connect a panel to an Arduino Uno. At the moment we use pin 6 as the data output

but this can be changed in the code later. Supply the Arduino with power as well as the VM207 and connect the

grounds together.

g. 7

ATTENTION

Do not use the 5 V from the Arduino to power one or more panels. These panels draw to much current for the

regulator on the Arduino. If you do this you could break your Arduino board.

K8403USER MANUAL

Adafruit neopixel library

First we will explain the ADAFRUIT NEOPIXEL library. This library written by Adafruit can control a whole bunch

of WS2812 LEDs seperatly. So this isn’t exactly useful when you want to draw text or shapes on your panel but

it is when you want to control each LED separately and do your own thing with it.

You can download the ADAFRUIT NEOPIXEL library here: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel (press

the Download ZIP button)

Then you can install this library in your Arduino installation (place the downloaded and unpacked folder in the

libraries folder of the Arduino installation) and then start the Arduino software.

If you now go to: File > Examples > Adafruit Neopixel > simple, Arduino will open that sketch.

The top section of the le that you just opened will look like this:

// released under the GPLv3 license to match the rest of the AdaFruit NeoPixel library

#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>

#ifdef __AVR__

#include <avr/power.h>

#endif

// Which pin on the Arduino is connected to the NeoPixels?

// On a Trinket or Gemma we suggest changing this to 1

#define PIN 6

// How many NeoPixels are attached to the Arduino?

#define NUMPIXELS 16

// When we setup the NeoPixel library, we tell it how many pixels, and which pin to use to send sig-

nals.

// Note that for older NeoPixel strips you might need to change the third parameter--see the strand-

test

// example for more information on possible values.

Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUMPIXELS, PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);

What is going on here?

Well the rst part is just about including the Adafruit library.

Then #dene PIN 6 tells the program that PIN equals 6 and that the datastream will come out pin 6 of the

Arduino, so if we want to change that to 13 we would have to change this line of code into: #dene PIN 13

Next, we have the #dene NUMPIXELS 16 line which tells the program how many LEDs are going to be

controlled. So to control 1 panel, this line should look like this: #dene NUMPIXELS 64. If you have 2 panels

this should be 128, 3 panels = 192, and so on.

K8403USER MANUAL

Next we see this line: Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUMPIXELS, PIN, NEO_GRB +

NEO_KHZ800);

This line gives a name to our bunch of LEDs, here this is “pixels”. You could easily change this to “panel” or

something else but you would have to change all the occurrences of “pixels” in the rest of the program.

Then we tell the program how “pixels” (our panel in this case) is build-up: Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUMPIXELS,

PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);

• NUMPIXELS = We have dened this value earlier in the program. This is the amount of pixels that need to

be controlled.

• PIN = We have dened this value earlier in the program. This is the output pin where the display data-

stream will be located.

• NEO_GRB = Leave this for standard WS2812 LEDs.

• NEO_KHZ800 = Leave this for standard WS2812 LEDs.

Then we have this code which is just a variable that stores a value which will be used as a delay in the main

function. Change this value and the speed at which the for-loop in the loop function iterates will change.

int delayval = 500; // delay for half a second

Below that piece of code there is the setup function that looks like this:

void setup() {

// This is for Trinket 5V 16MHz, you can remove these three lines if you are not using a Trinket

#if defined (__AVR_ATtiny85__)

if (F_CPU == 16000000) clock_prescale_set(clock_div_1);

#endif

// End of trinket special code

strip.begin();

}

The most important part of this piece of code is the strip.begin(); line. This initialises the LEDs. Do not forget

this step in your own code.

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