STMicroelectronics STEVAL-ILL022V1 Manuel utilisateur

September 2010 Doc ID 14469 Rev 2 1/18

UM0512

User manual

STEVAL-ILL022V1 solar-LED streetlight controller with 25 W LED

lamp driver and 80 W battery charger based on the STM32F101Rx

Introduction

The solar-LED streetlight controller consists of one 80 W battery charger and one 25 W LED

driver. During the daytime, when there is sufficient sunlight, the charger converts the

electricity from the solar panel and charges the battery. At nighttime, the battery powers on

the LED lamp as streetlight.

If it is rainy or cloudy for several continuous days, the battery will gradually run out of power.

The controller then resorts to the AC mains supply to power on the LED until the battery has

had time to fully charge again.

Main features of the solar-LED streetlight controller

■Maximization of electricity conversion efficiency from solar panel by way of maximum

power point tracker (MPPT)

■Automatic day/night/weather detection

■Automatic battery/mains switch over

■Constant current control for LED lamp

■Battery charge control

■Optional LED lighting duration mode

■Easy system monitoring via debug LED indicators

■Full protection function for OTP, OCP and UVP

Figure 1. Snapshot of the solar-LED streetlight controller

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Contents UM0512

2/18 Doc ID 14469 Rev 2

Contents

1 Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.1 Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.3 Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.4 Board operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3 Hardware description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.1 Board description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2 Controller characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4 Operating instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.1 Hardware installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.2 Recommended peripheral parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.2.1 Solar panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.2.2 Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.2.3 LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.2.4 Mains switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4.3 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5 DIP selection and LED indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.1 DIP selection switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.2 LED indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6 Schematic and bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

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UM0512 List of tables

Doc ID 14469 Rev 2 3/18

List of tables

Table 1. Description of functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Table 2. Recommended electrical parameters for solar panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Table 3. Recommended electrical parameters for battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Table 4. Recommended electrical parameters for LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Table 5. Symptoms and corrective action. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Table 6. DIP switch for LED lamp light-on time selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 7. LED indicator and error message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 8. BOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Table 9. Pin strip header. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Table 10. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

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Safety instructions UM0512

4/18 Doc ID 14469 Rev 2

1 Safety instructions

Warning: The demonstration board must be used in a suitable

laboratory by qualified personnel only, familiar with the

installation, use and maintenance of electrical systems.

1.1 Intended use

The demonstration board is a component designed for demonstration purposes only, and

shall not be used for domestic or industrial installations. The technical data and information

concerning the power supply and working conditions must be taken from the documentation

provided with the delivery, and must be strictly observed.

1.2 Installation

The installation instructions of the demonstration board must be taken from the present

document and strictly observed. The components must be protected against excessive

strain. In particular, no components are to be bent, or isolating distances altered, during the

transportation, handling or use. The demonstration board contains electro-statically

sensitive components that are prone to damage through improper use. Electrical

components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed (to avoid potential risks and

health injury).

1.3 Electrical connection

Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the mains

power supply. The electrical installation must be completed in accordance with the

appropriate requirements (e.g. cross-sectional areas of conductors, fusing and PE

connections).

1.4 Board operation

A system architecture that supplies power to the demonstration board must be equipped

with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety

requirements (e.g. compliance with technical equipment and accident prevention rules).

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UM0512 General description

Doc ID 14469 Rev 2 5/18

2 General description

The solar-LED streetlight controller is the key element of the system, also comprising the

solar panel, battery and LED streetlight (lamp). Figure 2 shows the structure of the system.

Figure 2. System block diagram

Each block’s function is described below.

●The sunlight delivers pockets of photons (solar energy) to the solar panel (also called

photovoltaic or PV module). The photons (energy) are absorbed by the PV module and

electrons are released.

●The electrons flow along the metal contact of the PV module and create electricity. The

battery charger then converts the electrical energy and charges the battery.

●The battery stores the electricity supplied by the battery charger. The controller

monitors the status of the battery.

●The LED lamp (LED streetlight) is activated by the LED driver. The LED light controller

monitors the system and controls the light-on and light-off in daytime and nighttime.

●When the battery goes low, the controller sends an enable signal to the mains switch

and the AC offline power supply is enabled.

The AC offline power supply (not covered in this document) acts as a backup source to

power the LED streetlight.

The solar-LED streetlight controller plays the key role in the system for electricity (solar

energy) storage control and LED lamp light-on/-off control.

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Hardware description UM0512

6/18 Doc ID 14469 Rev 2

3 Hardware description

3.1 Board description

Tabl e 1 describes the various functions of the controller’s demonstration board. Figure 3

provides the top view of the board.

Table 1. Description of functions

Category Index Designator Description

System

connectors

1 P1 Solar panel connector

2 P4 Battery temperature sensor connector (connected to NTC)

3 P5 LED lamp temperature sensor connector (connected to NTC)

7 P6 Mains enable output

10 P3 LED lamp connector

11 P2 Battery connector

HMI

4 SW1~SW4 DIP switch (1): mode selection

5 LED1~LED4 Debug indicators(2)

LED5, LED6

LED 5 (red) ON: battery charged

OFF: battery not charged

LED 6 (white) ON: battery full

OFF: battery not full

9 PB1 Reset

ICP interface 8 CN1 JTAG

1. Refer to Table 6 for dip selection mapping.

2. Refer to Table 7 for debug message mapping.

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UM0512 Hardware description

Doc ID 14469 Rev 2 7/18

Figure 3. Top view of demonstration board

3.2 Controller characteristics

The controller has the following characteristics.

●Battery operation voltage:

– 13.8 V max./11 V min. for 12 V system

●Charger:

– input voltage range ≤50 VDC

– output power ≤80 W

●LED lamp driver:

– output current 2.45 A

– output power ≤25 W

●Dimensions:

– 113 mm x 98 mm x 50 mm

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Operating instructions UM0512

8/18 Doc ID 14469 Rev 2

4 Operating instructions

4.1 Hardware installation

The following steps are to install the hardware.

1. Connect an NTC resistor (battery temperature sensor) to P4 (refer to Section 3.1).

2. Connect an NTC resistor (LED lamp temperature sensor) to P5 (refer to Section 3.1).

3. Connect the mains switch controller enable input to P6 (refer to Section 3.1).

4. Set SW1~SW4 according to DIP selection mapping table (Ta b l e 6 ).

5. Connect P3 (refer to Section 3.1) to LED lamp.

6. Connect P2 (refer to Section 3.1) to battery.

7. Connect P1 (refer to Section 3.1) to solar panel.

4.2 Recommended peripheral parameters

4.2.1 Solar panel

4.2.2 Battery

4.2.3 LED

Table 2. Recommended electrical parameters for solar panel

Parameters Symbol Typ Unit Condition

Maximum power Pmax 80 W

Irradiance: 1000 W/m2

Module temperature: 25°C

Maximum power voltage Vpm 17.8 V

Maximum power current Ipm 4.52 A

Open circuit voltage Voc 21.82 V

Short circuit current Isc 5.01 A

Module efficiency ηm13.42 %

Table 3. Recommended electrical parameters for battery

Parameters Typ Unit

Nominal capacity 50 Ah

Nominal voltage 12 V

Table 4. Recommended electrical parameters for LED

Parameters Typ Unit

Nominal power 25 W

Nominal current 2.45 A

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UM0512 Operating instructions

Doc ID 14469 Rev 2 9/18

4.2.4 Mains switch

When the battery is low, a high logic level output is generated by the MCU, which then

enables the mains power.

4.3 Troubleshooting

Table 5. Symptoms and corrective action

Symptom Corrective action

None of the LED(s) is

powered on. The

LED(s) include LED

lamp, debug LED and

battery status LED

– Set-up the system as per the hardware installation procedure described in Section 4.1.

– Check the mains enable signal on P6. A high logic level indicates that the battery

voltage is too low to power the LED light. This status will persist until the battery is fully

charged.

– Reset the system by pressing the reset button (PB1).

– Check the battery type and polarity. Only 12 V battery can be applied to this system. If

the battery has previously been connected reversely, replace the fuse (F1) with a new

one.

– Check that the LED lamp is available.

Battery status LED fails

to light during daytime

– Set-up the system as per the hardware installation procedure described in Section 4.1.

– Reset the system by pressing the reset button (PB1).

– Check that it is not too dark to enable the solar panel’s output.

– Check that the solar panel is available.

Dim LED lamp – Try to cool down the LED lamp.

– Check that the LED lamp’s lifecycle is still valid.

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DIP selection and LED indicator UM0512

10/18 Doc ID 14469 Rev 2

5 DIP selection and LED indicator

5.1 DIP selection switch

The DIP switches DIP1, DIP2, DIP3 and DIP4 are used to define the LED lamp’s on time

after the "switch on" signal has been received from the MCU. Ta b l e 6 describes the jumper

positions of each switch. The positions 'L' and 'H' are shown in Ta b l e 1 .

5.2 LED indicator

The demonstration board has four LED indicators, LED1, LED2, LED3 and LED4, which are

used to indicate any error messages during operation. Table 7 describes each type of error

message. The messages are there to assist technicians in their troubleshooting and

maintenance tasks.

Table 6. DIP switch for LED lamp light-on time selection

Status DIP 1 DIP 2 DIP 3 DIP 4 Mode description

1 L L L L Switch on LED for 5 minutes, then turn-off

2 H L L L Switch on LED for 2 hours during nighttime

3 L H L L Switch on LED for 4 hours during nighttime

4 H H L L Switch on LED for 6 hours during nighttime

5 L L H L Switch on LED for 8 hours during nighttime

6 H L H L Switch on LED for 10 hours during nighttime

7 L H H L Switch on LED for 12 hours during nighttime

8 H H H L Always switch on LED

9 - - - H Always switch on LED at nighttime

Table 7. LED indicator and error message

LED1LED2LED3LED4 Errormessage

No error

Battery charger overheat

Battery overheat

LED driver overheat

LED overheat

Incorrect solar panel polarity

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