Solarsystems SSA-21 Manuel utilisateur

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SSA Direct Thermal Collector Plate System Installation Manual

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Basic Tools and Materials

3. Collector Location

4. Collector Orientation

5. Collector Dimensions

6. Mounting Hardware

7. Mounting Hardware Spacing

8. Pitch Pan

9. Array Mounting

10. Collector Piping

11. Collector Piping Detail

12. Piping Through Roof

13. Storage Tank Placement

14. Retrofit for DPV w/ Vacation Bypass

15. Open Loop Start-Up

16. Open Loop Maintenance

17. Direct PV System

18. Operational Checklist

19. Systems Parts List

20. Collector Yard Mount

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

1. INTRODUCTION

We at Solar Systems, LLC would like to extend our congratulations on your purchase of an Aquarius/Apollo

Thermal Water Heating System. Years of research and development backed by critical engineering have

brought you the finest solar products you can buy. Please take time to read this booklet thoroughly. Each

step is outlined completely and clarified by diagrams where necessary. All questions which arise from this

material should be answered before you attempt installation of the system. With a little thought and careful

planning, your Aquarius/Apollo System can be installed quickly and easily by yourself or by a qualified

plumber with a minimum of disruption to your business or home.

Please note, the Solar Systems Warranty will be valid and will be honored only if the thermal water

collector is installed by a Factory Certified Installer or a licensed plumber. (A list of Factory Certified

Installers is available at www.solarsystemsvi.com)

2. BASIC TOOLS AND MATERIALS

Electric Drill

Drill Index (w/ ½” and ¾” Wood Bits)

Hack Saw

Tubing Cutter

Tin Snips

16’ Tape Measure

24” Level

Flashlight

Extension Cord

Slip Joint Pliers

Needle Nose Pliers

Pipe Wretches, 10” & 14”

Open End Wrenches, 9/16 & 7/16

Screw Driver 6” Flat Blade

Screw Driver 6” Philips

Wire Stripper or Knife

Wire Cutters

Adjustable Wrenches 8”& 10

Torch and Striker

100 PSI Pressure Gage

Putty Knife

High Temperature Pipe Joint Compound

Wire Nuts or Connectors

Miscellaneous Copper Pipe & Fittings (3/4”)

Solder Flux

Emory Paper

Silicone Caulk and Roof Tar

½” I.D. Copper Tubing & Installation

Angle Iron

Threaded Rod, Nuts, & Washers

Stainless Screw Clamps

Thermal Adhesive

Aluminum Flashing Sheet

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

3. COLLECTOR LOCATION

Proper location and orientation of the solar

collectors is important for maximum system

efficiency. The collectors should be unshaded for

the middle six hours of the day in each month of the

year and should be located as close to the storage

tank as possible to minimize heat loss in the piping

runs. The best orientation is achieved

when the collectors are facing due south and tilted

at an angle from the horizontal of latitude. Figure 1

below shows many alternatives for collector

mounting.

4. COLLECTOR ORIENTATION

Proper tilt angle for solar collectors is your

location’s latitude. But due to our high irradiance

extreme variances can be successfully used. Refer to

3. and consult an installer for allowable instances.

Ambient temperatures are lower during the winter

and collector efficiency suffers slightly.

When collectors, using the tilt rack system, are

mounted one behind the other, they are spaced apart

so that in the morning and afternoon on December

21, when the sun is at its lowest altitude, the

collectors will not shade each other and cause

efficiency loss.

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

5. COLLECTOR DIMENSIONS

Collector Gross Area (ft2) Dimensions (in) Transparent Area (ft2) Weight (lb)

SSA-21 20.87 35

3/16 x 85 3/16 19.22 74

SSA-24 23.81 35

3/16 x 97 3/16 21.99 84

SSA-26 25.35 47

3/16 x 77 3/16 23.65 90

SSA-28 27.97 47

3/16 x 85 3/16 26.16 99

SSA-32 31.91 47

3/16 x 97 3/16 29.93 113

SSA-40 39.79 47

3/16 x 121 3/16 37.47 153

Tested: TUV (DIN 4757, RAPPERSWILL, ONORM M7714, FSEC, SRCC, Metropolitan Dade County, Miami Test Lab

Table 2. Collector Dimensions for SSA series

6. MOUNTING HARDWARE

Available with the System package is specially

designed mounting hardware to speed collector

installation. This hardware consists of four LOCK-

TIGHT hinge sets, four roof brackets, two rear

struts, and bolts (Figures 3, 4, and 5).

(a) After locating the mounting points from Table

1, the mounting bracket holes should be drilled.

(b) A heavy coating of sealant should be applied to

the bottom of the flashing plate, which should

fit flat against the roof. It is necessary for the

plate to slide under the above shingles to insure

proper drainage of water.

around the threaded rod should also be

thoroughly coated with tar sealant. When the

bracket is set in place, alignment with the

collector hinges is necessary before final

tightening of the nuts. This should be

completed before the sealant has time to set.

(d) The threaded rod is fastened through a 2’ x 6”

wood or 2” x 2” x ¼” steel angle bracket under

the roof as shown.

(e) The rear struts should be cut and drilled to

conform to Table 1. All bolts should be

tightened securely. A stainless steel washer

should be placed where the threaded rod passes

through the aluminum bracket.

It is very important that the penetrations through the

roof be well sealed. It should be carefully checked

that all bolts are coated with tar and that no leaks

are possible.

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

There are three acceptable ways to secure the

collector mounting brackets to the roof.

1. Spanner Mounting

2. Lag Bolt Mounting

3. J-Bolt Mounting

In spanner mounting after the brackets are positions

on the chalk line, a 3/8” hole is drilled between the

rafters. Aluminum flashing is positioned over the

hole where the top of the flashing is extended up

under the shingle above the 3/8” hole and extends

down over it. Caulk is applied between the flashing

and the roof. The bracket is then positioned over

the 3/8” hole using sealant between the bracket and

the flashing. A piece of 3/8” all-thread is then

inserted through the hole. A washer and nut secures

the all-thread to the bracket (be sure the seal

underneath the washer and on top of the nut). The

all-thread rod should extend about 4” below the roof

rafters. Drill a 3/8” hole in a 2 x 4 and insert the all-

thread rod through it. The 2 x 4 should span 2

rafters. With a washer and double bolt secure the

all-thread to the 2 x 4. Tighten down until the

bracket is tightly secured to the roof. Be careful not

to over-tighten and bell out the roof underneath the

bracket. (See Figure 6)

Figure 6. Spanner Mounting

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

In lag bolt mounting you must locate the center of

the rafters along the top and bottom chalk lines.

One method is to have one man on the roof and

another in the attic. Using a hammer the man on the

roof can tap the roof and determine where it is

denser sounding. The roof man can drill a pilot hole

while the attic man helps with distance corrections.

Then the attic man can call of the distance to the

next rafter while the roof man drills corresponding

pilot holes. Flashing the brackets is done as

previously described. Secure the brackets to the

roof using a 3/8” x 4” stainless lag screw, a flat

washer, and a lock washer (Figure 7).

Figure 7. Lag Bolt Mounting

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

J-bolt mounting is done very similar to lag screw

mounting except instead of drilling into the center

of a rafter, a hole must be drilled directly beside a

rafter. The size of the hole must be slightly larger

than the bolt diameter. This is more easily

accomplished if the attic man would drill a pilot

hole through the roof alongside the chosen rafter.

Fit the bolt through the mounting brackets and insert

the bolt (J side first) through the hole in the roof.

Work the J underneath the rafter. Pull the J-bolt

snug against the rafter before tightening the nut.

Use double nuts or lock-washers to securely fasten

the mounting bracket to the J-bolt (Figure 8).

Figure 8. J-Bolt Mounting

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

7. MOUNTING HARDWARE SPACING

SSA-Series Center Line to Center Line (in.)

Model Size (ft) Outside Box Dim. (in.) SSA-MH SSA-FM SSA-RM

SSA-21 3 x 7 35.1875 x 85.1875 88.4375 88.9375 86.9375

SSA-24 3 x 8 35.1875 x 97.1875 100.4375 100.9375 98.9375

SSA-26 4 x 6.5 47.1875 x 77.1875 80.4375 80.9375 78.9375

SSA-28 4 x 7 47.1875 x 85.1875 88.4375 88.9375 86.9375

SSA-32 4 x 8 47.1875 x 97.1875 100.4375 100.9375 98.9375

SSA-40 4 x 10 47.1875 x 121.1875 124.4375 124.9375 122.9375

Table 3. Distance between centerlines of top and bottom mounts for all SSA Series Collectors

8. PITCH PAN

The pitch pan is necessary any time standing water

is encountered (Figure 9). The purpose is to provide

an adequate seal around any penetration in the roof.

(a) The pitch pan is placed in the proper position

and flat on the roof.

(b) Its flange is sealed with roofing felt and hot tar.

tar to a sufficient level to insure a permanent

seal.

Figure 9

SSA DIRECT PHOTOVOLTAIC OPEN LOOP MANUAL

9. ARRAY MOUNTING ON TILE ROOFS

Tile roofs are a little more difficult to mount

solar collectors on but following this procedure will

render a leak free installation.

The solar panels are mounted on two rails

located at the top and bottom of the solar collectors.

The collectors are secured to the rails using the SSA

rack mount hardware (SSA-RM). The 1 5/8”

Aluminum unistrut rails are anchored to the roof by

using six or ten inch stainless steel 3/8” hanger

bolts. These bolts are lag screw on the bottom and

3/8 NPT thread on the top. A ten foot length of

unistrut should be anchored at three points, the

middle and both ends.

Procedure

a) Cut 12” x 12” square pieces of lead flashing.

b) Locate the roof rafters beneath the tile where

the hanger bolts will be attached. Drill a 3/8”

hole through the tile.

c) Slide the 12” x 12” lead flashing under the tile

located above the 3/8” hole, then drill through

the lead flashing into the hole.

d) Screw lag portion of the 3/8” hanger bolt into

the rafter.

e) Cut strips of the lead flashing about 1 ½” long

and wide enough that when you fold it into a

tube is slightly larger in diameter as the hanger

bolt.

f) Using an acid core solder, weld the seam of the

tube together.

g) Slip this tube over the top of the hanger bolt

protruding from the roof; solder it to the 12” x

12” lead flashing.

h) Thread down a stainless 3/8” nut to the bottom

of the thread and seal the top of lead tube to the

nut with a polybutalene caulk. Slip a 3/8”

stainless washer on top o the nut.

i) Place the 1 5/8” aluminum unistrut rail on the

hanger bolt and secure with another 3/8”

stainless washer and net.

The rail is now secured, weather tight to the tile

roof. Next, mount the Solar Systems solar collector

to the rail using the SSA rack mounts (SSA-RM).

See Figure 10.

Figure 10

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