OfiTE 151-00 Manuel utilisateur
Garrett Gas Train
Part No. 151-00
Instruction Manual
Updated 2/18/2020
Ver. 5
OFI Testing Equipment, Inc.
11302 Steeplecrest Dr. · Houston, Texas · 77065 · U.S.A.
Tele: 832.320.7300 · Fax: 713.880.9886 · www.ote.com
©Copyright OFITE 2013
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 1
Introduction.....................................................................................2
Specications .................................................................................2
Components ...................................................................................3
Safety...............................................................................................5
Setup................................................................................................6
Sulde Testing ................................................................................8
Procedure ...................................................................................9
Calculation ................................................................................ 11
Carbonates Testing ......................................................................12
Procedure ................................................................................13
Calculation ................................................................................16
Oil-Based Fluids ...........................................................................17
Procedure .................................................................................18
Calculation ................................................................................20
Maintenance..................................................................................21
Diagram .........................................................................................22
Warranty and Return Policy ........................................................23
Table of
Contents
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 2
The Garrett Gas Train is the most widely used portable instrument for deter-
mining the presence and quantity of soluble suldes and carbonate concen-
trations in drilling uid. Soluble suldes include H2S as well as sulde (S-2)
and bisulde (HS-) ions. Total soluble carbonates include CO2as well as
carbonate (CO3
-2) and bicarbonate (HCO3
-) ions.
Mud ltrate is acidied inside the gas train, converting all suldes to H2S or
all carbonates to CO2, depending upon the test. The gas train separates the
gas from the liquid and an inert carrier gas transports the gasses through
the separate chambers. In chamber three, the gas stream is passed through
a Dräger tube, which responds to H2S or CO2 by darkening along its length.
The stain length is proportional to the amounts of suldes or carbonates in
the ltrate. For qualitative H2S analysis, lead acetate paper disks may be
inserted to determine the presence or absence of suldes.
The OFITE Garrett Gas Train consists of a transparent train, pressure regula-
tor assembly, CO2and N2O cartridges (sold separately), Dräger tubes for H2S
and carbonate detection, a owmeter, and a convenient carrying case. For
determining active suldes in oil-based uids, OFITE offers a separate kit that
analyzes whole mud samples.
Body Dimensions:
Chamber 1: Depth 3.54" (90 mm) × Diameter 1.52" (39 mm)
Chambers 2 & 3: Depth 3.54" (90 mm) × Diameter 1.18" (30 mm)
Passages between chambers: Diameter 0.08" (2.0 mm)
Dispersion tube:
Stem: Diameter 0.315" (8.0 mm) × Length 5.9" (150 mm)
Frit Diameter: 1.18" (30 mm)
Carrier gas should be inactive with H2S or sulde salts, citric acid, demulsier
and isopropanol for the sulde analysis. CO2 bulbs are preferred, but nitrogen
gas or helium will work. Nitrous oxide bulbs are to be used only for the car-
bonate analysis. Avoid using compressed air or oxidative gases.
Flowmeter: Floating ball type is preferred, capable of measuring between 200
and 400 cm3/min. carrier gas.
Syringes and injection tubes must be glass or a plastic type that is inert to
suldes and oil muds.
Introduction
Specications
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 3
Components #142-58 O-ring for HTHP Coupling
#143-00 Regulator
#143-02-10 CO2 Puncture Head Assembly
#143-02-13 O-ring for Puncture Pin Holder Assembly, CO2Cartridge
#143-02-14 O-ring for Puncture Pin Holder Assembly
#143-03 Barrel for CO2Cartridge
#145-601 Hydrogen Sulde Test Papers, Package of 100
#151-01 Dispersion Tube
#151-02 Dräger Tube, Hydrogen Sulde 100/1, Range: 100 - 2,000 PPM
(Low Range)
#151-03 Dräger Tube, Hydrogen Sulde 0.2%/A, Range: 0.2 - 7% by Vol-
ume (High Range)
#151-04 Dräger Tube, Carbon Dioxide 0.01%/A, Range: 0.01 - 0.3% by
Volume
#151-06 Gas Bag
#151-07 Stopcock
#151-08 API Flow Meter Tube
#151-09 Dräger Hand Pump
#151-10 O-ring for Dräger Pump
#151-11 O-ring for Flow Meter Tube
#151-12 O-ring for 2nd and 3rd Chambers
#151-13 O-ring for 1st Chamber
#151-14 Rubber Hose, ¼" OD × " ID, 1' Length
#151-14-1 Nylon Tube, 3" Length
#151-16 Rubber Septum, Qty: 2
#151-17 Octyl Alcohol (Defoamer), 2 oz.
#151-53 Carrying Case
#153-34 Glass Pipet, 1 mL × mL
#153-40 Glass Pipet, 10 mL × mL
#153-63 10 cc Disposable Syringe with Needle
#230-15 *Sulfuric Acid, 5 N, 2 oz., (UN #2796)
Optional:
#153-53-9 Magnetic Stirrer, 1,500 RPM, 115 Barnant (for oil-mud analysis)
#151-20 Kit for Determining Active Suldes in Oil-Based Fluids:
#151-17 Octyl Alcohol Defoamer, 2 oz.
#151-20-1 *Citric Acid, 2M, Demulsier, IPA Solution, UN #1219, 16 oz
#151-20-2 Sample Injection Needle
#153-29 Glass-Tip Syringe, 2 CC
#153-29-1 Glass-Tip Syringe, 5 CC
#153-29-2 Glass-Tip Syringe, 10 CC
#153-66 Disposable Syringe, 20CC
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 4
#151-00-SP Spare Parts Kit QTY
#142-58 O-ring for HTHP Coupling, 4
#143-00-1 Diaphragm for Airco Regulator 1
#143-02-13 O-ring for Puncture Pin Holder Assembly, CO2Car-
tridge
4
#143-02-14 O-ring for Puncture Pin Holder Assembly 4
#143-05 EZ-Puncture CO2 Bulbs, 8-Gram, UN #1013, Package
of 10
10
#143-07 Regulator Repair Kit 1
#143-08 EZ-Puncture N2O Bulbs, 8-Gram, UN #1070 5
#145-601 Hydrogen Sulde Test Papers, Package of 100 2
#151-01 Dispersion Tube 1
#151-02 Dräger Tube, Hydrogen Sulde 100/1, Range: 100 -
2,000 PPM
2
#151-03 Dräger Tube, Hydrogen Sulde 0.2%/A, Range: 0.2 -
7% by Volume
2
#151-04 Dräger Tube, Carbon Dioxide 0.01%/A, Range: 0.01 -
0.3% by Volume
2
#151-06 Gas Bag 5
#151-07 Stopcock 1
#151-10 O-ring for Dräger Pump 2
#151-12 O-ring for 2nd and 3rd Chambers 6
#151-13 O-ring for 1st Chamber 3
#151-14 Rubber Hose, ¼" OD × " ID, 1' Length 4
#151-15 Nylon Fitting for Filter Flow Tube 2
#151-16 Rubber Septum 12
#151-17 Octyl Alcohol (Defoamer), 2 oz. 2
#153-34 Glass Pipet, 1 mL × mL 4
#153-40 Glass Pipet, 10 mL × mL 2
#153-63 10 cc Disposable Syringe with Needle 12
#230-13 *Sulfuric Acid, 5N, UN #2796, 8 oz 2
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 5
Safety The Garrett Gas Train is designed to test drilling uids for soluble suldes,
including hydrogen sulde (H2S). Hydrogen sulde is highly toxic and am-
mable. It smells like rotten eggs, but quickly deadens the sense of smell. You
may not be aware of the danger until it is too late.
When performing sulde testing with the Garrett Gas Train, use extreme
caution to avoid breathing any hydrogen sulde. Use appropriate personal
protection equipment at all times.
Nitrous oxide cartridges should not be used as pressure sources when run-
ning a standard H2S test. Under elevated pressures, nitrous oxide can pos-
sibly detonate in the presence of grease, ,oil or carbonaceous materials.
Nitrous oxide cartridges are to be used only for the Garrett Gas Train carbon-
ate analysis.
Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide cartridges are pressurized to approximately
900 psi at 1 atmosphere (sea level). Therefore they should not be placed in
airplanes without proper packaging due to the possibility of the cabin depres-
surization. Nor should they be exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged peri-
ods of time.
Hydrogen sulde is extremely corrosive, so it is important to check all elas-
tomers (o-rings, rubber hoses, etc.) prior to running a test. Special attention
should be given to the elastomers that seal each of the three chambers as
these may easily be pinched or cut during assembly. Over time the elasto-
mers may become hard and brittle, which will require replacement.
The Garrett Gas Train test requires only a very small amount of pressuriza-
tion to move the gas between the three chambers. When turning the T-screw
on the regulator to initiate pressurization, turn it very slowly as it is easy to
overpressurize, resulting in hoses or the rubber septum explosively separat-
ing from their connections.
When inserting the Dräger Tube into the hole next to chamber three, be very
careful to push downward and vertically, as it will be a tight t due to the o-
ring seal. If inserting at an angle it is possible to break the glass Dräger Tube
resulting in injury to the hand or arm.
Dräger Tubes have a shelf life so pay attention to the date stamped on the
box. Expired Dräger Tubes can give incorrect results.
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 6
Setup 1. Be sure the gas train is clean and dry. Moisture in the train can cause the
owmeter to oat erratically and may affect the accuracy of the Dräger
tube reading.
2. Place the gas train on a level surface. Remove the top.
3. Add 20 mL of deionized water and 5 drops of octyl defoamer to chamber
1.
4. Place the owmeter tube into the designated hole between chambers 2
and 3. Make sure the word “Top” or “T” on the tube is pointing upward and
that the o-ring seals around the tube.
5. Place the dispersion tube into chamber 1. Place an o-ring into the hole
in the lid above chamber 1. Screw the nylon tube holder into the lid just
enough to hold the o-ring in place. Carefully place the lid onto the body,
making sure the dispersion tube goes into the hole above chamber 1.
When the lid is in place, tighten the nylon tube holder. Leave about ¼"
empty space below the bottom of the dispersion tube. Make sure the o-
ring seals around the tube.
6. Evenly hand-tighten all screws to seal the o-rings.
CO2 Barrel (143-03) Sample Entry Point
Rubber Hose (#151-14)
Flowmeter
Dräger Tube Hole
Regulator T-screw
Dispersion Tube
(#151-01)
Chamber 1 Chamber 2 Chamber 3
Nylon Tube Holder
(#151-15)
Thumb Screw
(#151-05)
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 7
7. Unscrew (counter-clockwise) the regulator T-screw completely. Remove
the cartridge holder and place a new cartridge inside. Tighten the car-
tridge holder until the cartridge inside is punctured.
For sulde analysis, use CO2 gas. For carbonate analysis, use N2O gas.
8. Connect the regulator to the dispersion tube with one of the provided rubber
hoses. Connect the other rubber hose to the nylon tting on chamber 3.
9. Gently ow gas through the system for 30 seconds by tightening the regu-
lator T-screw. This will purge any remaining air from the system. Check
for leaks, then shut off the ow of gas.
Dispersion Tube
(#151-01)
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 8
Sulde
Testing
The concentration of soluble suldes, including hydrogen sulde (H2S),
sulde (S-2), and (HS-) ions may be determined with the Garrett Gas Train.
Mud ltrate is acidied in the gas train, which converts all of the suldes to
H2S. The H2S is then evolved by bubbling an inert carrier gas, usually carbon
dioxide (CO2), through the sample. The gas train separates the gas from the
liquid. The gas stream is then passed through a Dräger tube which responds
to H2S by darkening along its length. The length of the darkened strip is
proportional to the total suldes in the mud ltrate. The low range Dräger tube
turns from white to brownish-black and the high range tube turns from pale
blue to jet black. No common drilling uid contaminant will cause these color
changes. Lead acetate paper disks may be used qualitatively to determine
the presence or absence of suldes. If the presence of sulde is indicated by
a darkening of the lead acetate paper, a Dräger tube may then be used for
quantitative analysis.
OFITE, 11302 Steeplecrest Dr., Houston, TX 77065 USA / Tel: 832-320-7300 / Fax: 713-880-9886 / www.ote.com 9
Sulde
Testing
Procedure
1. Using the table below, determine the sample volume and type of Dräger
tube required for your test.
Sulde Range
(mg/L)
Sample Volume
(mL)
Dräger Tube
Identication
Tube Factor (Used
in Equation)
1.2 to 24 10.0 H2S 100/a .12
2.4 to 48 5.0 H2S 100/a .12
4.8 to 96 2.5 H2S 100/a .12
60 to 1,020 10.0 H2S 0.2%/A 1500
120 to 2,040 5.0 H2S 0.2%/A 1500
240 to 4,080 2.5 H2S 0.2%/A 1500
2. Break the tip from each end of the Dräger tube and place it in the desig-
nated hole next to chamber 3. Make sure the arrow on the tube is pointing
downward and that the o-ring seals around the tube.
3. Connect the rubber hose from chamber 3 to the Dräger tube.
4. With a lter press, collect a sufcient volume of solids free ltrate for
analysis. If a low concentration of soluble suldes is to be detected, a
large volume of ltrate will be required. Use the table above as a guide.
During the sampling, ltration, and preparation process, the sample
should not be exposed to air for an extended period of time. Suldes
can be lost rapidly due to air oxidation.
5. Fill the syringe with the measured amount of solid-free ltrate. Place a
rubber septum over the sample entry point above chamber 1. Force the
needle through the septum and inject the ltrate into chamber 1.
6. Slowly inject 10 mL of 5N sulfuric acid solution into chamber 1 through the
rubber septum using the syringe and needle.
7. Immediately start the CO2 gas ow. Adjust the rate such that the ball in
the owmeter stays between the two lines. One CO2 bulb should provide
about 15 to 20 minutes of ow at this rate.
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