Mirage B 1018 R Manuel utilisateur

RAGE

COMMUNICATIONS

EQUIPMENT

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2538

RR4E-FIR

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

B1018R

2-METER

AMPLIFIER

Mirage

Communications

300

Industrial

Park

Road

(662)

323-8287

CAUTION:

Read

All

Instructions

Before

Operating

Equipment!

Mirage

1018

This

compact,

rugged,

VHF

power

amplifier

greatly

improves

signal-quality

and

range.

This

unit

110-watt

power

amplifier

with

associated

control

and

protection

circuitry.

This

amplifier

operates

from

any

well-filtered

direct-current

11-15

volt

power

source

capable

supplying

amperes

under

full-load.

The

power

source

must

either

negative

grounded

totally

ground

independent.

Warning,

never

use

this

unit

with:

1.)

positive-ground

supplies

2.)

vehicles

having

positive-ground

batteries

3.)

power

sources

exceeding

volts

Always

fuse

power

leads

the

battery

with

30-ampere

fast-blow

fuses.

This

amplifier

has

the

following

important

features:

1.)

Automatic

actuated

transmit

and

receive

switching

manual

switching

2.)

Active

bias

for

greatly

improved

SSB

linearity

3.)

True

push-pull

circuitry

and

clean

layout

for

excellent

stability

4.)

Excess

SWR

and

overdrive

protection

5.)

Remote

control

capabilities

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

7.0

8.0

Table

contents

Quick

Connect

Important:

Read

this

section

first!

Mounting

Considerations

1.1

Cooling

and

Temperature

1.2

Power

Wiring

1.3

and

Controls

Cables

1.4

Mobile

Mounting

Conderations

1.5

Repeater

Fixed

Installations

Radio

Exciter

2.1

Drive

Level

2.2

Duty

Cycle

2.3

T/R

Control

“Keying”

2.4

Wiring

FM,

and

Non-Linear

Modes

3.1

Drive

Power

3.2

Duty

Cycle

and

3.3

Feedlines

and

Antennas

SSB

and

Linear

modes

4.1

Splatter

and

Distortion

4.2

Drive

Power

Duty

Cycle

4.4

T/R

Control

Switching

4.5

Power

Output

4.6

Antennas

and

Feedlines

Case

Difficulties

5.1

Does

Not

Transmit

Receive

All

5.2

Nothing

Lights

Seems

Work

5.3

Transmit

OK,

Does

Not

Amplify

Receive

5.4

Receives

OK,

Does

Not

Amplify

Transmit

5.5

Continuously

Trips

Fault

Light

5.6

Relay

Chatters

Clicks

Off

and

5.7

Technical

Assistance

5.8

Ordering

Parts

Notes

Schematic

0.0

QUICK

CONNECT

1.)

Mount

place

the

amplifier

cool

area.

The

best

mounting

position

will

place

the

long

length

heatsink

fins

vertical.

The

amplifier

must

have

sufficient

cool

air

supply.

not

mount

confined

hot

locations,

where

exposed

moisture.

—

Connect

the

power

leads

the

battery

power

supply.

sure

fuse

the

red

positive-lead

the

battery

power

supply

with

30-ampere

fuse.

The

red

lead

must

always

positive,

with

operating

voltage

12-15

VDC.

NOT

recommend

connecting

the

black

lead

directly

vehicle

battery

terminal.

Connect

the

black

lead

the

vehicle’s

chassis

with

good

solid

connection.

3.)

Connect

the

radio

the

UHF-style

female

RADIO

connector

with

any

length

type

good-quality

50-ohm

coaxial

cable.

—

Any

size

length

50-ohm

coaxial

cable

will

work

the

INPUT,

just

sure

the

jumper

good.

4.)

Connect

the

antenna

(or

power

meter)

the

ANTENNA

connector

through

any

length

good-quality

50-ohm

coaxial

cable

capable

handling

200

watts

power.

—

Any

size

length

50-ohm

cable

will

work,

long

losses

are

acceptable.

The

cable

must

safely

handle

200

watts

150

MHz.

sure

connectors

are

installed

and

soldered

properly!

5.)

The

switches

this

unit

are

self-explanatory.

They

are

MODE,

PRE-AMP,

and

POWER.

a.)

The

MODE

switch

adds

time

the

transmit-relay

the

SSB/CW

position.

This

allows

SSB

operation

without

excessive

relay

chatter

word

chopping.

normally

not

necessary

use

the

SSB/CW

mode

position

when

using

the

RELAY

port

for

relay

control.

b.)

The

PRE-AMP

has

function

the

B-1018-R.

c.)

The

POWER

switch

controls

the

transmitting

amplifier,

and

resets

any

overloads.

—

The

FAULT

light

illuminates

whenever

excessive

drive

power

from

the

radio

applied,

reflected

power

from

the

antenna

exceeds

preset

value.

This

light

indicates

the

protection

circuits

have

locked-on,

preventing

the

amplifier

from

keying.

the

FAULT

indicator

on,

you

must

check

drive

power

and

antenna

reflected

power.

Drive

power

must

below

watts

and

Reflected

power

must

below

watts

(at

full

output).

SWR

over

2:1,

unacceptable

run

this

unit

full

power.

1.0

MOUNTING

CONSIDERATIONS

insure

long

life

and

optimum

performance,

pay

careful

attention

mounting

and

wiring.

This

unit

has

rubber

feet

for

use

where

movement

not

problem.

Warning,

never

install

this

unit

areas

where:

1.)

ambient

temperatures

exceed

110

(43°C)

2.)

exposed

moisture,

excessive

dust,

dirt

3.)

subjected

mechanical

shock

vibration

1.1

COOLING

AND

TEMPERATURE

Reduced

operating

temperatures

almost

always

extend

the

life

electronic

components.

the

heatsink

becomes

uncomfortable

touch,

the

amplifier

may

require

additional

cooling.

Heatsink

temperatures

above

140°F

indicate

the

need

for

additional

cooling,

such

re-mounting

the

amplifier

cooler

location

the

addition

small

fan

blowing

the

heatsink.

The

general

guideline

watch

the

heatsink

temperature,

and

improve

cooling

reduce

duty

cycle

the

heatsink

uncomfortable

touch.

Note:

temperature

the

mounting

area

increases,

especially

air

not

moving,

cooling

becomes

less

effective

and

the

amplifier

will

“run

hotter’.

cooling

problem,

the

largest

change

will

come

from

forcing

air

over

the

heatsink

with

small

fan.

The

heatsink

this

amplifier

sized

for

ICAS

operation

160

watts

carrier

output

with

33%

long-term

duty

cycle.

not

exceed

minutes

total

accumulated

transmitting

time

without

ten

minutes

total

accumulated

resting

time.

This

rough

guideline;

actual

duty-cycle

limitations

depend

many

factors.

possible,

especially

cooling

might

marginal

and

there

external

air

blowing

across

the

heatsink,

mount

the

amplifier

with

heatsink

fins

vertical.

This

allows

natural

convection

circulate

air.

1.2

POWER

WIRING

This

amplifier

has

two

main

power

leads.

The

red

lead

connects

the

floating

(not

grounded)

positive

12-15

Vdc

battery

power

supply

terminal.

The

black

lead

the

negative

lead.

grounded

inside

the

amplifier,

and

common

with

the

metal

case

and

all

connector

grounds.

reduce

fire

hazards

the

chance

equipment

damage,

the

red

lead

must

always

fused

with

30-ampere

fuse

the

battery.

Some

power

supplies

have

internal

current

protection.

Power

supplies

without

current

limiting

must

protected

properly

sized

fuscs

located

thc

supply.

The

black

lead

should

connect

the

negative

terminal

through

the

vehicle

chassis.

not

recommend

connecting

the

black

lead

directly

battery

post.

The

heavy

RED

conductor

and

black

battery

return

and/or

chassis

ground

conductors

carry

full

operating-current.

This

current

can

reach

amperes.

For

maximum

power

output,

important

minimize

the

voltage

drop

along

these

conductors.

For

maximum

output

powcr,

all

high

current

leads

(including

the

ground

lead)

should

kept

short

reasonably

possible.

sure

connections

are

good.

Never

extract

this

power

from

under-dash

wiring,

unless

the

vehicle

manufacturer

tells

you

safe.

fuse

must

always

installed

the

battery

prevent

wiring

fires.

Ifa

fuse

not

added,

you

run

the

risk

fire

the

wiring

accidentally

shorted

between

the

battery

and

amplifier.

NEVER

omit

this

fuse,

matter

how

safe

you

think

is!

Suitable

fuses

and

holders

are

generally

available

from

electronics,

car

stereo,

and

automotive

parts

stores.

This

device

requires

30-ampere

fuse.

The

following

chart

gives

the

approximate

peak

voltage

drop

volts

per

foot

single

supply

wire

with

amperes

current.

This

chart

assumes

the

negative

return

the

battery

(through

the

vehicle

chassis)

has

the

same

resistance

the

positive

lead,

that

home

power

supply

uses

equal

length

and

size

conductors

for

positive

and

negative

(ground)

leads.

AWG

Voltage

Drop

Maximum

Length

For

Full

(single

conductor)

amps

Performance

gauge

0.03

vif

0.02.

Vin

0.011

Vit

0.007

Wit

For

best

performance,

voltage

drop

high-current

positive

and

ground

leads

should

limited

0.5

volts

less

maximum

current

amperes.

1.3

AND

CONTROL

CABLES

Length

and

control

cables

critical.

The

RADIO

connector

this

amplifier

SO-239

(UHF

Female).

UHF-style

connectors

are

perfectly

fine

frequencies

below

UHF,

and

have

almost

immeasurable

loss

VHF

and

lower.

The

amplifier

input

matched

for

50-ohms,

and

the

amplifier

very

stable.

The

input

cable

can

any

reasonable

length,

far

the

amplifier

concerned.

The

ANTENNA

connector

SO-239

(UHF

Female).

The

design

load

impedance

50-ohms,

and

any

load

with

VSWR

under

2:1.

The

output

cable

must

safely

handle

the

full

power

the

amplifier,

and

must

have

good

connections.

sure

connectors

are

installed

and

soldered

properly,

and

the

coaxial

cables

are

reasonably

good

quality.

Control

cables

can

any

length,

within

reason,

because

current

low.

The

RELAY

jack

used

manually

place

the

amplifier

the

transmit-mode

when

pulled

low

(to

ground),

conventional

phono

female

connector

(also

called

“RCA

jack”).

This

type

connector

common

with

VCR’s

and

other

consumer

electronic

devices.

The

current

from

this

Jack

less

than

100

mA,

and

the

open

circuit

voltage

less

than

volts.

There

are

damaging

back-pulses

from

this

jack,

fully

buffered.

Never

apply

voltage

this

jack.

1.4

MOBILE

MOUNTING

CONSIDERATIONS

A.)

Location

not

locate

this

amplifier

excessively

warm

locations,

near

heater

vents,

unventilated

areas

with

ambient

temperatures

exceeding

120

degrees

Fahrenheit.

not

install

this

amplifier

damp

wet

locations.

sure

air

can

circulate

freely

around

the

amplifier.

not

cover

the

heatsink.

The

best

location

for

this

unit

well-ventilated

area

inside

the

passenger

compartment.

the

trunk

area

doesn’t

get

too

hot,

can

also

suitable

location.

Engine

compartments

should

never

used

house

this

amplifier!

possible,

mount

the

amplifier

with

the

LONG

length

heatsink

fins

vertical.

This

will

allow

natural

convection

circulate

air

deeply

through

the

cooling

fins.

See

section

1.1

for

details

temperature.

B.)

Wiring

Make

sure

wiring

installed

wires

are

not

pinched

cut.

The

length

high-current

power

and

ground

return

leads

very

important.

Keep

the

heavy

power-leads

short

the

installation

permits.

This

includes

the

ground

lead

the

battery

the

vehicle's

chassis.

Warning,

all

leads

power

must

fused

the

battery!

NEVER

depend

fuses

inside

the

unit

for

fire

protection.

1.)

Use

ampere

fast-blow

fuse

the

battery

positive

connection

2.)

Ground

the

negative

lead

good

ground

the

vehicle’s

sheet

metal

3.)

Never

obtain

main

supply

power

from

under-dash

vehicle

wiring

the

negative

lead

connected

directly

the

battery

(instead

the

vehicle

chassis

sheetmetal)

must

have

its

own

30-ampere

fuse

installed

the

battery

Note:

The

length

the

cable

supplied

with

the

optional

remote

control

head

not

critical.

The

cables

should

not

excessively

long,

although

they

are

not

critical.

1.5

REPEATER

FIXED

INSTALLATIONS

Mount

the

amplifier

any

location

that

cool,

and

has

air

circulation.

best

mount

this

unit

with

the

long

length

the

heatsink

fins

vertical.

For

extended

duty,

you

may

want

add

cooling

fan.

The

amplifier

should

mounted

the

power

supply

possible.

Section

1.2

details

wiring,

considerations.

The

power

supply

should

fused

have

internal

current

limiting

maximum

current

amperes.

should

well

filtered

and

voltage-regulated

than

volts

dc.

power

supply

with

crowbar

over-voltage

protection

system

good

idea,

case

supply

regulators

fail.

sure

ground

the

case

the

unit

the

station

ground

buss with

heavy

short

lead.

Lightning

protection

good

idea,

but

the

safest

solution

disconnect

all

antennas

and

unplug

all

equipment

when

not

being

used.

2.0

RADIO

EXCITER

This

amplifier

will

work

with

almost

any

exciter

radio

operating

between

140

and

150

MHz.

The

most

important

guidelines

are

detailed

the

following

sections:

2.1

DRIVE

LEVEL

The

radio

exciter

used

drive

this

unit

should

have

output

power

between

and

watts.

not

drive

this

unit

with

than

watts

FM,

watts

carrier

AM,

watts

PEP

SSB

(about

watts

average

power).

2.2

DUTY

CYCLE

The

duty

cycle

this

unit

primarily

limited

heatsink

temperature.

The

power

output

and

hotter

the

ambient

temperature,

the

important

cooling

becomes.

See

section

1.1

2.3_T/R

CONTROL

“KEYING”

This

unit

contains

internal

sensing

system.

This

system

places

the unit

transmit-mode

when

the

POWER

switch

ON.

The

rear-panel

female

phono

(RCA)

jack

labeled

RELAY

can

used

manually

force

this

unit

switch

into

transmit

mode.

the

POWER

switch

on,

the

internal

transmitting

relays

will

switch

the

transmit

mode

when

the

RELAY

pulled

low

(grounded).

2.4

WIRING

The

exciter

can

connected

the

amplifier

with

any

type

good

quality

50-ohm

coaxial

cable.

Length

and

cable

size

not

important,

except

might

add

signal

loss

the

cable

cxtremcly

long.

3.0

FM,

AND

NON-LINEAR

MODES

Good

linearity

the

faithful

reproduction

input

power

level

changes

the

output

power

the

amplifier.

Some

modulation

methods

operating

modes

not

depend

distortion-free

amplitude

changes

for

transferring

information.

Non-linear

modes

include

CW,

FM,

and

FSK.

The

amplifier

can

“gain

compress”

“flat-top”

without

changing

signal

quality

bandwidth,

because

the

either

off.

This

allows

the

amplifier

driven

higher

output

levels

with

detectable

change

signal

bandwidth.

3.1

DRIVE

POWER

Drive

power

FM,

CW,

FSK

limited

power

ratings

transistors

and

heatsink

temperature.

The

transistors

are

safely

able

watts

drive,

which

corresponds

approximately

|10

watts

carrier

output.

not

trust

unknown

questionable

accuracy

meters!

Some

meters

are

off

much

50%

more!

3.2

DUTY-CYCLE

AND

The

duty-cycle

set

ambient

temperature,

mounting

position,

operating

power,

and

airflow.

Temperature

and

mounting

concerns

are

detailed

section

1.0.

Driving-power

concerns

are

detailed

section

2.0

possible,

especially

cooling

might

marginal

and

there

external

air

blowing

across

the

heatsink,

mount

the

amplifier

with

heatsink

fins

vertical.

This

allows

natural

convection

circulate

air.

See

section

1.0

for

details.

Warning,

the

safe

maximum

temperature

the

heatsink

140.

the

heatsink

feels

too

hot

hold,

almost

certainly

too

hot

for

safe

operation.

3.3

FEEDLINES

AND

ANTENNAS

This

unit

will

work

with

any

antenna

long

SWR

the

OUTPUT

the

amplifier

less

than

2:1.

Warning,

never

exceed

watts

maximum

reflected

power.

Try

keep

SWR

below

2:1.

Make

sure

all

feedline

and

antenna

connections

are

good.

4.0

SSB

AND

LINEAR

MODES

SSB

and

operation

requires

linear

amplification

signals.

the

amplifier

not

linear,

mixing

products

occur.

These

mixing

products

make

the

signal

bandwidth

increase,

they

are

referred

“‘splatter”.

Amplifier

gain

changes

with

power

level.

One

design

goal

this

amplifier

was

minimizing

the

effects

non-linearity,

and

reducing

needless

splatter.

Unlike

tube

amplifiers,

solid-state

amplifiers

into

gain

compression

long

before

they

saturate.

Even

though

this

amplifier

can

produce

160

watts

carrier,

NOT

expect

run

160

watts

PEP

and

have

acceptable

IMD

performance!

operation,

carrier

power

normally

25%

the

peak

envelope

power

indicated

true

peak-reading

meter.

Unmodulated

carrier

output

power

should

not

exceed

watts.

Peak-envelope

output

power

should

not

exceed

100

watts

when

measured

accurate

peak

reading

meter.

4.1

SPLATTER

AND

DISTORTION

low

power

levels,

amplifier

gain

affected

bias

settings.

bias

set

too

low,

turning

drive

power

down

can

actually

make

the

ratio

distortion-to-signal

worse

(not

better)!

This

amplifier

has

active-bias

system,

which

forces

the

bias

voltage

fixed

level.

This

system

vastly

superior

conventional

resistor/shunt-diode

bias

for

maintaining

operating-bias

drive

power,

temperature,

and

supply

voltage

varies.

high

power

levels,

three

main

problems

limit

linearity

and

cause

splatter.

All

three

problems

are

reduced

cured

turning

the

drive

power

down.

1.)

Output-device

current

amplification

(in

this

case

transistors

are

used)

problem.

Transistors,

unlike

most

vacuum

tubes,

show

gradual

decrease

gain

drive

level

increases.

important

this

amplifier

operated

the

area

where

the

gain-slope

linear

“rounded”

sine

curve

minimize

splatter

and

IMD.

Table des matières

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