FLARM PowerFLARM Portable Manuel utilisateur

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

PowerFLARM Portable

Manual

Version 22 (International)

November 15, 2016

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Contents

Introduction .................................................................5

Installation ...................................................................7

General Advice on Installation........................................................... 7

Housing ....................................................................................................... 9

Connections............................................................................................ 10

Overview ....................................................................................................10

Power Connector....................................................................................10

Power and Data Port Connector (IGC standard)....................11

Audio............................................................................................................12

Communications Antennas................................................................13

GPS-System............................................................................................. 14

Operation with an internal GPS Antenna...................................14

Operation with an external GPS Antenna ..................................14

FLARM-Device Communication ..................................................... 15

Audio ......................................................................................................... 15

Micro SD-Card ....................................................................................... 17

Insertion and Removal ........................................................................17

Power Supply......................................................................................... 18

Power Supply using the Aircraft's own Electrical Power

System .........................................................................................................18

Power Supply Using Batteries or Rechargeable Batteries .18

Battery Insertion....................................................................................19

Rechargeable internal Batteries.....................................................19

Technical Data....................................................................................... 20

Operation................................................................... 21

General Advice on Operation .......................................................... 21

Use.................................................................................................................21

Compatibility ...........................................................................................21

Radio Range and Reception..............................................................21

Position Determination.......................................................................22

Flight Path Calculation.......................................................................22

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Data Protection ......................................................................................23

Limitations................................................................................................23

Certification..............................................................................................23

Transport and Storage........................................................................23

Further Questions or Problems .......................................................23

Start-Up.................................................................................................... 24

Fault Reporting and other Information...................................... 24

Operation................................................................................................. 25

Normal Operation................................................................................ 25

Operation with Mode S/C transponder ...................................... 27

Operation on ground .......................................................................... 28

Collision Warnings .............................................................................. 28

Warning Presentation.........................................................................28

Information about Warnings...........................................................29

ADS-B alerts ........................................................................................... 30

Device information and configuration Menu............................ 31

Menu Structure.......................................................................................32

Essential Settings Prior to First Flight......................................... 34

Selection of Aircraft Type...................................................................34

Selection of Battery Type ...................................................................34

Transponder.............................................................................................34

ICAO Address............................................................................................34

Flight recorder ............................................................ 36

Feature licences.......................................................... 36

Device identification........................................................................... 37

Device update............................................................. 38

Software, licence and/or obstacle database update.............. 38

Mandatory firmware update........................................................... 38

Legal Notes................................................................. 39

Product Warranty................................................................................ 39

Limitations.............................................................................................. 39

Legal Liability ........................................................................................ 40

Conformity Declaration..................................................................... 42

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

RF Radiation Hazard Warning........................................................ 43

Maximum Antenna Gain.................................................................... 43

Industry Canada Notice and Marking.......................................... 44

Credits....................................................................................................... 44

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Introduction

A PowerFLARM™ device draws its position and movement

information from an internal GPS-receiver. The position measured

is rendered more accurate by an integral pressure sensor. The

device calculates the predicted flight path and transmits this

information as a short, low-power digital signal burst at one-

second intervals together with a unique identification code. At the

same time, the device receives similar signals from PowerFLARM

devices installed in other aircraft and within radio range, or from

aircraft equipped with ADS-B-OUT (1090ES), Mode-C and Mode-S

transponders (if interrogated by ground radar or TCAS). The

device compares the signals received with its own projected flight

path. An optional, additional feature will be for the device to

compare its own projected flight path with the positions of known

fixed obstacles (e.g. cables, aerials, cable railways, avalanche

detonation sites) held in the device's data base.

If the device determines one or more threats of a dangerous

conflict with another aircraft or obstacle, it warns the user of the

most dangerous threat as per the internal calculation. Acoustic

warnings are issued via a warning bleeper and headset audio

output, also an optical warning via an LCD display. These signals

indicate the height of the threat, the direction from which it has

been detected, and the altitude difference. For gliders, during

thermalling, a different calculation algorithm is applied from that

used in straight flight. The GPS- and collision threat data received

are also fed to a serial data port output for use by other devices

such as an external display and PDA. Compatible equipment is

available from a number of suppliers.

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Warnings are issued in accordance with the time remaining to a

possible collision, not the geometric distance between the aircraft.

The first warning is typically issued between 19 and 25 seconds

prior to the calculated possible collision with aircraft or obstacle;

the second is issued 14 to 18 seconds beforehand, and the third 6

to 8 seconds in advance. Warnings are sustained as long as the

threat remains relevant. Depending upon updated data and

prediction, the threat may be downgraded or deleted. Warnings

are selective, i.e. they are only issued if the algorithms detect a

high probability of a dangerous convergence in the immediate

future.

PowerFLARM also warns about obstacles on the ground (cables,

masts) if the respective database is installed. Databases are

available for purchase on http://shop.flarm.com.

Communications between PowerFLARM / FLARM devices employ

a proprietary, copyright protected protocol in different frequency

bands allocated by region. Effective range depends upon the

position in which device and antenna is fitted.

The communications system between devices is protected against

unauthorised access. The design is patent protected. There is no

public access to the protocol. Any unlicensed use, copying,

distribution, conversion, replication, de-compiling, reverse

engineering, or further transmission of knowledge so acquired

relating to the system components or software, in whole or in

part, is forbidden and will result in legal enforcement action.

Technical data may be changed at any time and without prior

warning. Some named functions are not provided in all versions of

the device, but may be provided at extra cost or for a recurring

fee.

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Installation

General Advice on Installation

Installation and operation is on a non-interference and non-

hazard basis, and may not be allowed to endanger the safe

operation of certificated equipment that is either necessary or

required by regulation for safe flight. Installation must comply

with official requirements.

The device must be so secured that the pilot can see the displays,

hear the acoustic warnings, and operate the turning-button. The

device must not obstruct the pilot in his operation of the aircraft

(including emergencies); in particular at all times it must not

obstruct his view of the sky, even in the event of serious vibration

or acceleration. The device is not suitable for use in conjunction

with night vision equipment or for night flying.

Ideally, the device will be fitted to the instrument panel glare-

shield or cockpit sidewall. If the device internal display is in use,

the rear face of the device with cable connectors must face the

direction of flight. If the device is coupled to an external display

with controls, it can be installed in another position or point in a

different direction. Usually, this will require the use of separate

communications and GPS aerials.

No antenna may be in contact with any object which might be the

source of electrostatic discharge. Stub and whip antennas must

not touch any object, e.g. the cockpit windscreen. The device will

not operate properly in the absence of an antenna or if the

antenna is not properly screwed tight; the device cannot self-test

for correct antenna function.

For updates, configuration and flight data evaluation it is helpful if

the device is installed such that the data connectors and the

microSD-reader are easily accessible or reachable with an

extension cable. The serial number must be known for software

updates.

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

It is advisable that the device is so fitted to the aircraft that the

turn-button cannot be inadvertently pressed during entry to or

egress from the aircraft. Should the device or any associated

components be fitted to a part of the aircraft that will be

jettisoned in an emergency, suitable break points should be

incorporated to prevent any interference with the jettison

sequence.

Cables must not be folded or placed under tension. Adequate

space must be left for the cable connectors. Cables for data and

external devices must be shortened as necessary: to prevent the

occurrence of inductive effects they may not be coiled. Only a

single device may be installed in each aircraft.

The device and any associated aerials should be located as far

away as possible -- at least 30 cm (1 ft) -- away from any other

GPS aerial and the magnetic compass.

After installation, an inspection must be made to ensure that the

device does not interfere with any mechanical, electrical,

electronic (radio) or magnetic (e.g. compass) system, and this fact

must be recorded in the aircraft documents. In addition, the

aircraft documents must bear a record of serial number and

Software Version Number. If employed in a fixed installation, the

Means of Compliance must be recorded in the aircraft

documentation, and an AFM Supplement is to be carried on board

the aircraft. The user must ensure that installation and operation

complies with all applicable law in the usage location’s

jurisdiction.

In case of questions or problems, please contact your dealer

directly.

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Housing

The lower face of the polycarbonate housing has two threaded

screw holes, so that the device may be easily secured using two

metric M4 screws (max. 10 mm long). The device must be fitted to

a flat surface and the housing not subjected to any mechanical

stress. Several types of adapter fixtures are available.

The housing can also be secured using 3M DualLock industrial

fasteners, which can be secured and released several times. Users

should note that the adhesive used on 3M DualLock is

exceptionally strong and may not easily release. The adhesive tape

should not cover the battery compartment lid, but should be

applied elsewhere on the housing.

The housing is not air or watertight and users should avoid the

ingress of solid particles and liquids. Should the device get moist,

it must be completely dried prior to further use. If the device

becomes wet, it may be permanently damaged and rendered

unusable; no guarantee claim will be accepted for any device

damaged by moisture. Should the device be suddenly cooled this

may result in the formation of internal condensation. The housing

may only be cleaned using a slightly moist non-abrasive cloth

without a chemical cleaning agent. The housing does not resist

scratches or abrasion.

The plastic housing is black to reduce glare and has been tested in

the temperature range -10 °C to +60°C. Care should be taken to

avoid over-heating due to direct or indirect sunshine, in particular

because the housing can become deformed at temperatures above

+84 °C without any mechanical tension, and with mechanical

tensions also at lower temperatures. The device must not be

locally over-heated by exposure to focused sunrays, and care is

required when cockpit doors or canopies have been opened (risk

of fire to due lens effect). High temperatures significantly reduce

battery runtime when rechargeable batteries are used.

PowerFLARM Portable Manual International v.22

Connections

Overview

Power Connector

Supplied power must be 12 V DC nominal at 500mA (between 8V

and 23V DC).

This power socket mates with a PP-012 connector (DigiKey part#

CP-012-ND, Radio Shack Adaptaplug Tip „A“ 273-334). VDC(+) is

on the inside, GND outside. A minimum of 12V is needed to charge

the batteries (Radio Shack AC-DC Power Adapter 273-357)

Ensure any external power source is only connected

in case no or only rechargeable batteries are in the

device. External power might damage non-

rechargeable batteries (risk of leakage).

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