Desa B350D Manuel utilisateur

Technical Service Department • P.O. Box 90004 • 2701 Industrial Drive • Bowling Green, Kentucky 42102-9004

SERVICE MANUAL

HIGH PRESSURE

PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATERS

600 SIDE PFA/PV 009

350 SIDE PFA/PV 008

INTERNATIONAL

DESA

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

TABLE

CONTENTS

Section 1 - Safety Information.................................................................................3

Section 2 - Introduction

Arrangement of Manual......................................................................................4

Technical Service Department ...........................................................................4

Service Preparation............................................................................................4

Tools Required...................................................................................................4

Section 3 - General Specifications and Applications Information

Fuel Section .......................................................................................................5

Electrical.............................................................................................................5

Ventilation ..........................................................................................................5

Heater Sizing......................................................................................................5

Heater Performance Specifications....................................................................6

Wiring Diagrams.................................................................................................6

Section 4 - Component Operation

All Systems Working Together...........................................................................8

Fuel System .......................................................................................................8

Fuel Pump......................................................................................................8

Fuel Filters .....................................................................................................9

Nozzle ............................................................................................................9

Electrical System................................................................................................10

Motor ..............................................................................................................10

Flame Control Assembly ................................................................................10

Ignition Transformer .......................................................................................11

Fuel Solenoid Valve .......................................................................................11

Fan Switch .....................................................................................................11

Section 5 - Troubleshooting

Safety Requirements .........................................................................................12

Using an Ohmmeter...........................................................................................12

Setting Up the Ohmmeter ..................................................................................12

Calibrating the Ohmmeter..................................................................................12

Diagnostic Information .......................................................................................12

Problem Conditions

Frequent Spark Plug Fouling/Delayed Ignition ..............................................13

Spark Plug Sparks, but Motor Does Not Start ...............................................14

Motor Starts, but Heater Will Not Ignite .........................................................15

Heater Ignites, and Flame Is Established, However, Flame Control Trips,

and Heater Shuts Off .................................................................................18

Heater Does Not Start. Motor and Transformer Do Not Operate...................21

Carbon Build-Up Inside Combustion Chamber..............................................22

Section 6 - Accessories and Service Information....................................................23

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety Requirements

Thisservicemanualisintendedforusebyindividualswithadequateelectricalandmechanical

skills. Attempts to repair this heater by individuals without those skills can result in personal

injury as well as property damage.

SECTION

IMPORTANT:

ReadtheOwner’sManual carefully andcompletelybeforetryingto assemble,

operate, or service this heater. Improper use of this heater can cause serious injury or death

from burns, fire, explosion, electrical shock, and carbon monoxide poisoning.

Make certain you read and understand all Warnings.

Warnings

WARNING ICON G 001

• Use only kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil to avoid risk of fire or explosion. Never use gasoline,

naphtha, paint thinners, alcohol, or other highly flammable fuels.

• Never use heater where gasoline, paint thinner, or other highly flammable vapors are

present.

• Follow all local ordinances and codes when using heater.

• Use only in well vented areas. Provide at least three (3) square feet of fresh, outside air for

each 100,000 BTU/Hr of rating. This heater produces carbon monoxide, which is listed by

the State of California as a reproductive toxin under Proposition 65.

• Use only in places free of flammable vapors or high dust content.

• Use only with the electrical voltage and frequency specified on model plate.

• Use only a three-prong, grounded extension cord.

• Minimum heater clearances from combustibles:

Outlet: 8 Ft. Sides: 4 Ft. Top: 4 Ft. Rear: 4 Ft.

• Locate heater on a stable and level surface while hot or running or a fire may occur.

• When moving or storing, heater must be in a level position or fuel spillage may occur.

• Keep children and animals away from heater.

• Unplug heater when not in use.

• This heater is equipped with a thermostat. When plugged in, heater may start anytime.

• Never use heater in living or sleeping areas.

• Never block air inlet (rear) or air outlet (front) of heater.

• Never move, handle, refuel, or service a hot, operating, or plugged in heater.

• Never attach duct work to front or rear of heater.

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

SECTION

Pressure Gage

INTRODUCTION

Arrangement Of Manual

This manual contains information and serv-

ice procedures that help the service person

understand and correct problems on the

DESA International High Pressure Portable

ForcedAirHeater.Thefirstpartofthismanual

contains basic information about the opera-

tion of different parts of the heater. Review

this information. It provides a basic under-

standing of how the parts function in the

working system. The last part of this manual

is a troubleshooting section. It provides a

quickreferenceconcerningconditionswhich

may result in customer complaints. These

procedures will help the service person

quickly diagnose a malfunctioning heater.

The illustrations in this manual may not nec-

essarilydepicttheactualheatermodel.They

are intended for reference only.

Technical Service Department

The Technical Service Department, located

inBowlingGreen,Kentucky,is committed to

helpincreasetheserviceknowledgeofthose

who service these heaters. This will enable

service people to provide prompt, efficient

service.Thisservicemanualcoversthemajor

problems that can occur with the heaters.

However, as with any product, certain prob-

lems can arise which this manual does not

cover.Ifsuchproblemsarise,pleasecallthe

TechnicalServiceDepartmentat1-800-323-

5190. The Technical Service Department is

openfrom8:00amto4:00pmCentralTime.

This number is only for servicing problems

andcannotbeusedfororderingparts,billing

questions, etc.

Service Preparation

A clean work area at the start of each job is

essential for efficient service work. Clean

extremely dirty heaters before servicing.

Cleaning will sometimes uncover the prob-

lem area. Gather tools needed for the job

beforeworkisstarted.Havingtolocatetools

causes delays that lead to lost time and

wages.

Always use clean fuel when testing heater.

Many problems are often caused by the

wrong type of fuel or dirty fuel.

Usecautionandcommonsensewhenwork-

ing on heater. Always remember:

• Kerosene is combustible.

• Guard against electrical shock.

• Heater parts get hot during operation.

Touching these parts can cause severe

burns.

Tools Required

In addition to common hand tools, the serv-

iceshopshouldhavethefollowingtoolsand

instruments to properly repair the heater.

These tools and instruments will be referred

to throughout this manual.

Tool/ Part

Instrument Range Number

Volt Ohmmeter RX1/AC 250V *

Feeler Gage .001 to .1 inch **

Pressure Gage 0-200 PSI M4574

Flame Control/

Photocell Tester HA1170

* Available at most electronic stores.

** Available at any auto parts store.

CAUTION: OBSERVE SAFETY RULES

V- MA

1000300

100

1000

300

100

1000

100

x10

x100

x1K

x10K

COM-

OFF

Volt Ohmmeter

.025

.0015

Feeler Gage

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

Fuel Selection

One of the most critical specifications for

trouble-free operation is the use of a clean,

acceptable fuel. Listed below are guidelines

andcommentsconcerningoperationofheat-

ers with different fuels.

Recommended

Fuels Comments

Kerosene Best overall results. Mini-

Fuel Oil No. 1 mum odor and minimum

Jet “A” maintenance.Noadditives

necessaryforcoldweather

operation.

Alternate Fuels Comments

Fuel Oil No. 2 Noticeable increase in

Diesel No. 1 odor. Requires frequent

Diesel No. 2 maintenance of fuel filter,

nozzle and spark plug.

Cannot be used at tem-

peratures below +20°F.

Electrical

Connectheatertoastandardelectricaloutlet

(120V/60Hz) to operate. For safety, all heat-

ers have a three-prong, grounded power

cord. Plug power cord of heater into three-

prong, grounded extension cord. Extension

cordmustbeatleastsixfeetlong.Makesure

youuseextensioncordlargeenoughtocarry

the voltage the heater requires. Use the

following chart to determine the proper size

extension cord for heater.

Length of Cord Wire Size (AWG)

100 ft. No. 14

200 ft. No. 12

300 ft. No. 10

400 ft. No. 8

500 ft. No. 6

SECTION

Ventilation

Onlyuseheaterinwell-ventilatedareas.The

following chart shows the minimum fresh,

outside air opening needed for proper venti-

lation.

Heater Size Square Foot

(BTU/Hr) Opening

250,000 7.5

300,000 9.0

350,000 10.5

600,000 18.0

The above chart is based on ventilation re-

quirementsofatleasta three (3)squarefoot

fresh, outside air opening for each 100,000

BTU/Hr of rating. Provide extra fresh air if

usingmoreheaters.Ifpossible,providecross-

ventilation for better air movement. This

heater produces carbon monoxide, which is

listed by the State of California as a repro-

ductive toxin under Proposition 65.

Heater Sizing

Use heater which is properly sized for the

area to be heated. Listed below is a simple

formula that allows you to determine heater

BTU/Hr size requirements.

Cubic Feet of Area x .133 x Desired

Temperature Rise °F = BTU size

Example

Area: 100' x 100' x 8' = 80,000 Cubic Feet

Desired Temperature Rise: 30°F

80,000 (Cubic Feet)

x .133 (Factor)

10,640

x 30 (Temperature Rise)

319,200 (BTUs/Hr Needed)

Answer: Use a 350,000 BTU/Hr

heater for this heating example.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS INFORMATION

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

Heater Performance Specifications

350,000 BTU/Hr 600,000 BTU/Hr

Output Rating (BTU/Hr) 350,000 600,000

Fuel Use only kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil

Fuel Tank Capacity (U.S. Gallons) 30 36

Fuel Consumption (Gallons Per Hour) 2.5 4

Electric Requirements 120V/60Hz 120V/60Hz

Amperage (Normal Run) 7.1 11.5

Motor RPM 1725 1725

Fuel Pump Pressure (PSI) 100 110

Spark Plug Gap .050/.060" .050/.060"

Weight (Approx. Lbs.)

Dry 180 285

With Full Fuel Tank 390 550

Wiring Diagrams

Wiring Diagram for Non-Terminal Block Heater with Standard Flame Control

RELAY

FLAME

CONTROL

WHITE

ORANGE

RED

GREEN

MOTOR

PHOTO-

CELL

BLUE

BLACK

SPARK PLUG

BLACK

WHITE

RED

WHITE

BLUE

FAN

SWITCH

ORANGE

YELLOW YELLOW

THERMOSTAT

SOLENOID

VALVE

WHITE

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

Wiring Diagram for Terminal Block Heater with Standard Flame Control

Wiring Diagram for Non-Terminal Block Heater with White-Rogers/Robert Shaw Flame Control

FAN

SWITCH

SPARK PLUG

ORANGE

BLACK

FLAME

CONTROL

WHITE

THERMOSTAT

WHITE

WHITEBLUE

PHOTO

CELL WHITE

GREEN

BLACK

WHITE

ORANGE

RED

YELLOWYELLOW

SOLENOID

VALVE WHITE

MOTOR

WHITE

BLACK

WHITE WHITE

FAN

SWITCH

MOTOR

RELAY

WHITE

RED ORANGE

ORANGE

RED

BLACK

WHITE

BLACK

WHITE

BLUE

BLUEWHITE

BLACK BLACK

THERMOSTAT B

FLAME

CONTROL RESET

BUTTON

RED

YELLOW

YELLOW RED

WHITE

SOLENOID

VALVE

WHITE

TERMINAL

BOARD

TERMINAL

BOARD

TRANSFORMER

WHITE

SPARK

PLUG

PHOTOCELL

BLACK

WHITE

GREEN

YELLOW

WHITE

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

COMPONENT OPERATION

All Systems Working Together

There are four basic systems within the

heater: the fuel system, the air system, the

ignition system, and the flame control sys-

tem.

The Fuel System: The fuel pump pulls fuel

fromthefueltankandpressurizesit.Thefuel

pump pushes fuel through a filter and a

solenoid valve and out the burner head

nozzle. A fine mist of fuel is sprayed into the

combustion chamber.

The Air System: The motor turns the fan.

The fan pushes air into and around the

SECTION

FUEL SYSTEM

Fuel Pump

The fuel pump is a single stage gear-type

pumpdesignedfortwo-pipeusage.Theterm

“two-pipeusage”meansthatprovisionsmust

bemadetoreturnexcessfuelfromthepump

backtosupplytank.Figure1showsposition

of pump on heater.

Thefuelpumpisdirectly connected tomotor

shaft. When motor on heater runs, the fuel

pump starts working. The fuel pump draws

fuel into one of the ports marked “INLETS.”

After fuel pump draws fuel into INLET port,

thefuelisthenpressurizedin the pump. The

fuelpumpthenforcesfueltotheburnerhead

nozzle thru the port marked NOZZLE.

The port marked “PRESS ADJ” contains an

adjustment screw. Turning this screw will

increase or decrease the fuel pump pres-

sure.Checkfuelpumppressurebyattaching

high pressure gauge into the port marked

“GAGE.”

As mentioned above, the port marked “RE-

TURN” is used to return excess fuel back to

supply tank.

Be careful when working on fuel pump. Fuel

pump operates under high pressure.

Figure 1 - Fuel Pump

PUMP

MODEL PRESSURE

350,000 BTU/Hr. 100 psi

600,000 BTU/Hr. 110 psi

combustion chamber. The air that goes into

the combustion chamber mixes with the fuel

for combustion. The air is heated and pro-

vides a stream of clean, hot air.

TheIgnitionSystem:Thetransformersends

voltage to the spark plug. The spark plug

ignites the fuel and air mixture.

The Flame Control System: This system

causes the heater to shut down if the flame

goes out. It also allows the fan to continue

running after normal shutdown of heater.

This cools the combustion chamber.

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

Fuel Filters

The fuel filtering system has two filters. The

first filter is a 50-mesh screen type. It is

located in the fuel tank below the grommet

where fuel suction and return lines enter the

tank. The filter is connected to both the fuel

input (suction side) and the return line from

thefuelpump.Thisuniquedesignallowsthe

filter to backflush or clean itself of sediment

by the action of the excess flow returning

from the pump.

The second filter is a canister type. The two-

piece canister contains a replaceable drop-in

filterelement.Thisfilterwillfilteroutverysmall

particles which may be present in the fuel

system.Thishighdegreeoffilteringisneeded

to prevent any sediment or foreign material

from reaching the nozzle. Make sure to clean

orreplacethisfilterelementevery250hoursof

operation. Clean or replace this filter more

often if fuel quality is bad.

Nozzle

The nozzle could be classified as the heart of

the fuel system. The nozzle works similar to a

standard garden hose nozzle. The kerosene

passes through the nozzle. Under pressure,

the oil expands through the nozzle orifice and

breaksintoa fine spray. The flow rate and the

spray angle is designed into each nozzle. Do

not substitute with a nozzle having a different

flow rate or spray pattern. Use only replace-

ment parts supplied by DESA International.

Figure 3 - Canister Type Fuel Filter

Figure 2 - Fuel Filter in Fuel Tank

Filter

Figure 4 - Nozzle

HIGH PRESSURE PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATER SERVICE MANUAL

Flame Control Assembly

Theheaterisequippedwithoneoftwoflame

controls — a White-Rogers/Robert Shaw or

a standard flame control. The flame control

monitors the combustion chamber flame.

The control will shut off power to the heater

if the combustion flame goes out or if an

inside the motor. The centrifugal switch also

supplies voltage to the fuel solenoid valve.

The motor also has a temperature/current

sensitive thermal protector wired in series

with both windings. This device protects the

motorfromoverheatingifthefan/pumplocks

up. If the fan/pump locks up, this device will

shut the motor off. Before motor will run

again, press red reset button located on top

of the motor housing (see Figure 5).

Figure 6 - White-Rogers/Robert Shaw

Flame Control Figure 7 - Standard Flame Control

RESET

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Motor

The motor is a fractional horsepower motor.

The motor drives the fuel pump and rotates

the fan. The turning fan delivers air into and

around the combustion chamber.

The motor contains two separate internal

windings. The first winding is the start wind-

ing.Thesecondwindingisthemainwinding.

The motor switches power from the start

winding to the main winding after the motor

reaches75%ofitsratedspeed.Thisswitch-

ing is done by a centrifugal switch located

unusual flame color is present. A photocell

(attached to the burner head) monitors light

within the chamber. If the photocell detects

improper combustion or loss of flame, the

flamecontrolwillshutoffpowertotheheater.

Reset Button

Figure 5 - Motor

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