Decagon 10HS Manuel utilisateur

10HS

Soil Moisture Sensor

Operator’s

Manual

Version 3

Decagon Devices, Inc.

2365 NE Hopkins Court

Pullman WA 99163

(509) 332-2756

fax: (509) 332-5158

www.decagon.com

Trademarks

10HS is a registered trademark of

Decagon Devices, Inc.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction.................................................1

Speciﬁcations........................................................... 1

Customer Support ................................................... 2

Warranty Information.............................................. 3

Seller’s Liability........................................................ 3

2. About the 10HS...........................................4

Background Info...................................................... 4

3. eory..........................................................5

4. Installing the Sensor ....................................6

5. Collecting Data............................................8

Data logger Requirements........................................ 8

6. Calibration.................................................11

Dielectric calibration ............................................. 11

Mineral Soil Calibration ........................................ 11

7. Sample Programs........................................13

Declaration of Conformity.............................17

Index..............................................................18

10HS--Soil Moisture Sensor

1. Introduction

ank you for choosing the 10HS soil water content sensor. is in-

novative sensor will enable you to monitor volumetric water content

of soil accurately and aﬀordably. is manual is designed to help you

understand the sensor’s features and how to use this device success-

fully.

Speciﬁcations

Range:

Apparent dielectric permittivity (ea): 1 (air) to 50

Soilvolumetricwater content (VWC):0 – 0.57m3/m3(0-57%VWC)

Accuracy:

(ea): ± 0.5 from eaof 2 to 10, ±2.5 from eaof 10 to 50 (VWC):

VWC: Using standard calibration equation: ± 0.03 m3/m3(±

3% VWC) typical in mineral soils that have solution

electrical conductivity < 10 dS/m

Using soil speciﬁc calibration, ± 0.02 m3/m3(± 2%

VWC) in any soil

Resolution:

ea: 0.1 from eaof 1 to 30, 0.2 from eaof 30 to 50

VWC: 0.0008 m3/m3(0.08% VWC) in mineral soils from 0 to

0.50 m3/m3(0-50% VWC)

Measurement Time: 10 ms (milliseconds)

Power requirements: 3VDC @ 12mA to 15 VDC @ 15 mA

Output: 300 – 1250 mV, independent of excitation voltage

Operating Temperature: 0 – 50 °C

Survival Temperature: -40 to 50 °C

10HS--Soil Moisture Sensor

1. Introduction

Connector types: 3.5 mm stereo plug or stripped and tinned leads.

Cable length: 5 m standard; custom cable length available upon

request

Datalogger Compatibility (non-exclusive):

Decagon: Em50, Em50R, Em5b, ProCheck handheld reader.

Campbell Scientiﬁc: CR10X, 21X, 23X, CR850, 1000, 3000, etc

Other: Any data acquisition system capable of switched 3 to15 V

excitation and single ended voltage measurement at 12 bit or better

resolution

Customer Support

If you ever need assistance with your 10HS, or if you just have

questions or feedback, there are several ways to contact us:

NOTE: If you purchased your 10HS through a distributor, please

contact them for assistance.

E-mail

[email protected]

Please include your name, contact information, instrument serial

number(s), and a description of your problem or question.

[email protected]

Please include your name, address, phone number, the items you

wish to order and a purchase order number. Credit card numbers

should always be called in.

Phone

1-800-755-2751 (USA and Canada Only)

1-509-332-2756 (International)

Our Customer Support and Sales Representatives are available

Monday thru Friday from 8am to 5pm (Paciﬁc Standard Time).

10HS--Soil Moisture Sensor

1. Introduction

Fax

1-509-332-5158

Warranty Information

e 10HS sensors have a 30-day satisfaction guarantee and a

one year warranty.

Seller’s Liability

Seller warrants new equipment of its own manufacture against de-

fective workmanship and materials for a period of one year from

date of receipt of equipment (the results of ordinary wear and tear,

neglect, misuse, accident and excessive deterioration due to corro-

sion from any cause are not considered to be a defect); but Seller’s

liability for defective parts shall in no event exceed the furnishing

of replacement parts f.o.b. the factory where originally manufac-

tured. Material and equipment covered hereby which is not man-

ufactured by the Seller shall be covered only by the warranty of its

manufacturer. Seller shall not be liable to Buyer for loss, damage,

or injuries to persons (including death), or to property or things

of whatsoever kind (including, but not without limitation, loss of

anticipated proﬁts), occasioned by or arising out of the installation,

operation, use, misuse, nonuse, repair, or replacement of said ma-

terial and equipment, or out of the use of any method or process

for which the same may be employed. e use of this equipment

constitutes Buyer’s acceptance of the terms set forth in this war-

ranty. ere are no understandings, representations, or warranties

of any kind, express, implied, statutory or otherwise, (including,

but without limitation, the implied warranties of merchantability

and ﬁtness for a particular purpose), not expressly set forth herein.

10HS--Soil Moisture Sensor

2. About the 10HS

e 10HS measures the dielectric constant of the soil in order

to ﬁnd its volumetric water content (VWC). Since the dielec-

tric constant of water is much higher than that of air or soil

minerals, the dielectric constant of the soil is a sensitive mea-

sure of volumetric water content. e 10HS has a low power

requirement and very high resolution. is gives you the abil-

ity to make as many measurements as you want (i.e. hour-

ly) over a long period of time with minimal battery usage.

Background Info

In 2005, the Decagon research team optimized a sensor oscillator fre-

quency for very high accuracy soil moisture measurements. e ﬁrst sen-

sor to incorporate the new frequency was our EC-5 sensor. It quickly

became the most popular soil moisture sensor we’ve designed. e new

10HS sensor uses the same 70MHz oscillator frequency as the EC-5 but

has a larger soil volume and requires no special calibration when used

with other systems. New features of the 10HS include:

 •Onboardvoltageregulatorallowingyoutopowerthe

sensor with a wide range of excitation voltages (3-15

VDC) without changing the calibration

 •Largesensing(1100cubiccentimeters)allowingyouto

have a more representative measurement of soil VWC

e 10HS sensor runs at the same oscillator frequency that has given the

EC-5 exceptional performance in soils (Kizito et.al, 2008, Bogena et. al,

2007). We recommend the 10HS sensor for mineral soil applications

wheresoilheterogeneityisaconcern.However,wecontinuetorecommend

the smaller EC-5 sensor for soilless substrate applications or applications

where VWC measurements on smaller scales (e.g. near surface measure-

ments, laboratory column studies, greenhouse applications) are desired.

10HS--Soil Moisture Sensor

3. Theory

3. eory

e 10HS sensor measures the volumetric water content

of the soil using a capacitance technique. By rapidly charg-

ing and discharging a positive and ground electrode (capaci-

tor) in the soil, an electromagnetic ﬁeld is generated whose

charge time (t) is related to the capacitance (C) of the soil by













−

CRt ln

(1)

where R is the series resistance, Vis voltage at time t, Vi

is the starting voltage and Vfis the applied or supply volt-

age. Further, for a capacitor with a geometrical factor of

F, the capacitance is related to the dielectric permittiv-

ity (e) of the medium between the capacitor electrodes by

C =eoeF(2)

where eois the permittivity of free space. us, the e of the soil can

be determined by measuring the change time (t) of a sensor buried

in the soil. Consequently, as water has a dielectric permittivity that

is much greater than soil minerals or air, the charge time t in the

soil of Eq. (1) can be correlated with soil volumetric water content.

10HS--Soil Moisture Sensor

4. Installing the Sensor

When selecting a site for installation, it is important to remem-

ber that the soil adjacent to the sensor surface has the strongest

inﬂuence on the sensor reading and that the sensor measures the

volumetric water content of the soil. erefore any air gaps or

excessive soil compaction around the sensor and in between the

sensor prongs can profoundly inﬂuence the readings. Also, do not

install the sensors adjacent to large metal objects such as metal

poles or stakes. is can attenuate the sensor’s electromagnetic

ﬁeld and adversely aﬀect readings. In addition, the 10HS sen-

sor should not be installed within 5 cm of the soil surface, or

the sensing volume of the electromagnetic ﬁeld can extend out

of the soil and reduce accuracy. Because the 10HS has gaps be-

tween its prongs, it is also important to consider the particle size

of the medium you are inserting the sensor into. It is possible to

get sticks, bark, roots or other material stuck between the sen-

sor prongs, which will adversely aﬀect readings. Finally, be care-

ful when inserting the sensors into dense soil, as the prongs can

break if excessive sideways force is used when pushing them in.

Procedure

When installing the 10HS it is imperative to maximize contact

between the sensor and soil. For most accurate results, the sen-

sor should be inserted into undisturbed soil. ere are two basic

methods to accomplish a high quality installation.

Method 1. Horizontal Installation: Excavate a hole or trench

a few centimeters deeper than the depth at which the sensor is to

be installed. At the installation depth, shave oﬀ some soil from the

vertical soil face exposing undisturbed soil. Insert the sensor into the

undisturbed soil face until the entire sensing portion of the 10HS

is inserted. e tip of each prong has been sharpened to make it

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