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MultiHop Radio Product Manual
151317 Rev 0 8/29/2011
Contents
MultiHop Radio Overview .........................................................................................................................4
MultiHop Application Modes ................................................................................................................................................5
Transparent Mode .......................................................................................................................................................5
Modbus Mode .............................................................................................................................................................5
Setting up the Network .............................................................................................................................8
Configure the Devices .........................................................................................................................................................8
Wiring for MultiHop Radios .........................................................................................................................................8
Setting the MultiHop Radio (Slave) ID ................................................................................................................................9
Binding MultiHop Radios to Form Networks ........................................................................................................................9
Slave and Repeater LED Behavior ..........................................................................................................................10
Master LED Behavior ...............................................................................................................................................10
Conduct a Site Survey .......................................................................................................................................................11
Conducting a MultiHop Site Survey from the LCD Menu ..........................................................................................11
Installing Your SureCross™ Radios ................................................................................................................................12
Mounting SureCross Devices Outdoors ....................................................................................................................13
Other Installation Requirements ..............................................................................................................................15
Installation Quick Tips ..............................................................................................................................................15
Basic Remote Antenna Installation ...........................................................................................................................16
Modbus Register Configuration ............................................................................................................22
40000s Standard Physical Inputs ......................................................................................................................................22
40400s Extra Inputs ..................................................................................................................................................22
40500s Standard Physical Outputs ...................................................................................................................................22
40900s Extra Outputs ...............................................................................................................................................22
41000s Input Parameters ..................................................................................................................................................22
Switch Power Input Parameters ................................................................................................................................23
42000s Output Parameters ................................................................................................................................................24
42950s Default Output Parameters ...................................................................................................................................25
43000s Discrete Input Parameters ....................................................................................................................................25
43300s Analog Input Parameters ......................................................................................................................................25
43500s Counter Input Parameters .....................................................................................................................................27
43600s H-Bridge Output Parameters ................................................................................................................................28
43600s Switch Power Output Parameters ................................................................................................................28
43700s Discrete Output Parameters .................................................................................................................................29
44000s Analog Output Parameters ...................................................................................................................................29
44150s Initialization Controls .............................................................................................................................................30
44400s Output Flash Pattern Parameters .........................................................................................................................30
44500s M-GAGE Parameters ............................................................................................................................................30
44800s Ultrasonic Input Parameters .................................................................................................................................32
46050s Battery Monitoring Parameters ............................................................................................................................33
51000s SDI-12 Parameter Descriptions ............................................................................................................................33
Configuration Examples .....................................................................................................................................................34
Configuring an Analog IN to use SP3 .......................................................................................................................34
Configuring for Acclima SDI-12 Sensors ..................................................................................................................35
Configuring for Decagon 5T3 SDI-12 Sensors .........................................................................................................35
Manufacturer Parameter Registers ....................................................................................................................................36
Device and System Parameters ........................................................................................................................................37
48200s Sample On Demand .....................................................................................................................................37
Agency Certifications .............................................................................................................................38
FCC Certification, 900 MHz, 1 Watt Radios ......................................................................................................................38
FCC Certification, 2.4GHz .................................................................................................................................................39
Contents
2 151317 Rev 0
Certified For Use in the Following Countries .....................................................................................................................40
Dimensions ..............................................................................................................................................43
Advanced Setup ......................................................................................................................................45
MultiHop Radio Menu System ...........................................................................................................................................45
Create the MultiHop Network by Manually Binding the Radios (using Menu Navigation) .................................................46
Conducting a Site Survey using Modbus Commands .......................................................................................................47
Using 10 to 30V dc to Power the MultiHop Radio and a Gateway ....................................................................................47
Using the Solar Supply to Power the MultiHop Radio and a FlexPower Gateway ............................................................48
Contents
3
MultiHop Radio Overview
MultiHop networks are made up of one master radio and many repeater and slave radios. The MultiHop networks are self-forming and
self-healing networks constructed around a parent-child communication relationship. The MultiHop Radio architecture creates a hierarchi-
cal network of devices to solve the most challenging wireless applications. A MultiHop Radio is either a master radio, a repeater radio, or
a slave radio.
• The single master device controls the overall wireless network.
• The repeater mode allows for range extension of the wireless network.
• The slave radios are the end point of the wireless network.
At the root of the wireless network is the master radio. All repeater or slave radios within range of the master radio connect as children of
the master radio, which serves as their parent. After repeater radios synchronize to the master radio, additional radios within range of the
repeater can join the network. The radios that synchronize to the repeater radio form the same parent/child relationship the repeater has
with the master radio: the repeater is the parent and the new radios are children of the repeater.
The network formation continues to build the hierarchical structure until all MultiHop radios connect to a parent radio. A MultiHop radio
can only have one designated parent radio. If a radio loses synchronization to the wireless network it may reconnect to the network
through a different parent radio.
For the simple example network shown below, the following relationships exist:
1
2
4
3
6
5
• Radio 1 is the master radio and is parent to radio 2 (repeater).
• Radio 2 (repeater) is child to radio 1 (master), but is parent to radios 3 (slave) and 4 (repeater).
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• Radio 4 (repeater) is child to radio 2 (repeater), but is parent to radios 5 and 6 (both slaves).
On the LCD of each device, the parent device address (PADR) and local device address (DADR) are shown.
MultiHop Master Radio. Within a network of MultiHop data radios, there is only one master radio. The master radio controls the overall
timing of the network and is always the parent device for other MultiHop radios. The host system connects to this master radio.
MultiHop Repeater Radio. When a MultiHop radio is set to repeater mode, it acts as both a parent and a child. The repeater receives
data packets from its parent, then re-transmits the data packet to the children within the repeater’s network. The incoming packet of
information is re-transmitted on both the radio link and the local serial link.
MultiHop Slave Radio. The slave radio is the end device of the MultiHop radio network. A radio in slave mode does not re-transmit the
data packet on the radio link, only on the local serial (wired) bus.
MultiHop Application Modes
The MultiHop radios operate in Modbus mode or transparent mode. Use the internal DIP switches to select the mode of operation. All
MultiHop radios within a wireless network must be in the same mode.
Transparent Mode
Use transparent mode for communication protocols other than Modbus. In transparent mode, the MultiHop radio packetizes data received
from the hardwired serial connection and transmits the packet to all radios within range. A wireless system by definition is a lossy link. It
is up to the host system protocol to guarantee the data integrity.
For reliable packet transmission, follow all rules for packet size and inter-character timing listed in the specifications and allow sufficient
time between packets to avoid overloading the MultiHop radio network. The time between packets varies based on the size of the net-
work.
Modbus Mode
Modbus application mode provides additional functionality to optimize RF packet routing performance and allows register-based access
and configuration of various parameters on the MultiHop radio. Modbus application mode requires that the system host device be running
a Modbus master program and that the master radio is connected directly to the host.
Packet Routing
In Modbus application mode, the master radio first discovers all connected Modbus slaves in the network, then uses the Modbus slave ID
contained in the incoming Modbus message to wirelessly route the packet only to the radio attached to the target Modbus slave. The
packet is then passed via the radio’s serial interface to the Modbus device where it is processed. This is entirely transparent to the user.
Direct packet by packet routing offers an advantage over broadcast addressing with MultiHop paths because each hop in the path can be
retried independently in the event of a packet error. This results in significantly more reliable packet delivery over MultiHop paths.
Modbus Slave IDs 01 through 10 are reserved for slaves directly connected to the host (local I/O). As such, polling messages addressed
to these devices are not relayed over the wireless link. Use Modbus Slaves IDs 11 through 61 for remote Modbus slaves — devices
serially connected to a data radio — allowing a maximum of 50 attached devices.
The figure below illustrates a basic wireless network operating in Modbus application mode. Slave devices may be any Modbus slaves,
including Banner's DX85 Modbus RTU Remote I/O devices or DX80 Gateways.
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Slave ID
12
Slave ID
14
Master radio
S1
S2
Host System
Slave ID
05
Slave ID
01
Slave ID
13
MultiHop Radio Registers and Radio IDs
The Modbus application mode also enables the host to access a radio’s internal Modbus registers to access radio configuration and
status information.
To enable access of a radio’s internal Modbus registers, the radio itself must be assigned a Modbus Slave ID, or MultiHop Radio ID,
using the rotary dials on the front of the device. The left rotary dial acts as the tens unit while the right rotary dial acts as the ones unit. To
set the slave ID to 12, set the left dial to 1 and the right dial to 2.
SureCross Radio Rotary Dials
1. Left dial - Represents the tens unit of the slave or device ID.
2. Right dial - Represents the ones unit of the slave or device ID.
When a Modbus message is received by the radio, the packet’s slave ID is compared to its own rotary dial address. If it matches, the
radio accesses its internal Modbus registers. If it does not match, the radio delivers the packet to the serial interface thereby interrogating
a connected Modbus slave. The range of acceptable Modbus Slave/MultiHop Radio IDs is from 11 to 61; a Slave ID setting of 0xFF
disables access to the MultiHop radio’s internal registers but still delivers addressed messages to Modbus slaves that are serially con-
nected to the radio. Detailed information about the contents and functions of the radio’s Modbus registers is provided in table 2.
All MultiHop Radio internal registers are defined as 16-bit holding registers (4xxxx). To access the internal registers, set the radio to
operate in Modbus mode (using the DIP switches) and set a valid MultiHop Radio ID (11 through 61).
*Note: The radio’s rotary dial address must not be a duplicate of an attached Modbus slave ID.
•Rotary dial positions 11 through 61. Valid wireless Modbus Slave IDs or MultiHop Radio IDs
•Rotary dial position FF. Devices set to FF are not directly addressed by the Modbus host system but can deliver the message to the
serially connected Modbus slaves
This example host system is connected to three hardwired devices: DX85 Remote I/O Modbus slave 01, DX85 Remote I/O Modbus slave
05, and the master MultiHop Radio.
Host messages for Modbus slaves 01 through 10 are ignored by the master radio. Messages for Modbus Slaves or MultiHop Radios 11
through 61 are sent out the wireless network.
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Slave ID
12
Slave ID
15
MultiHop Radio Master
(Radio ID 11)
MultiHop Radio Slave
(Radio ID 14)
Host System
Slave ID
05
Slave ID
01
Slave ID
13
DX85
DX85 Remote
I/O
MultiHop Radio Slave
(Radio ID 16)
DX85 Remote I/O DX85 DX80 Gateway
DX80 Node
DX80 Node
MultiHop Radio Product Manual
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Setting up the Network
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 Rotary dials Sets the Modbus Slave ID when operating in Modbus
mode. (Not used on the Ethernet Data Radio.)
2 Push button 1 Single-click to advance across all top-level data radio
menus. Single-click to move down interactive menus,
once a top-level menu is chosen. (See MultiHop Ra-
dio Menu System.)
3 Push button 2 Double-click to select a menu and to enter manual
scrolling mode. Double-click to move up one level at
a time. Triple click to enter binding mode.
4 LED 1 and 2 Provide real-time feedback to the user regarding RF
link status, serial communications activity, and the er-
ror state.
5 LCD display Six-character display provides run mode user infor-
mation such as the number of packets sent and re-
ceived. This display allows the user to conduct a site
survey.
6 5-Pin M12 Euro-style
quick-disconnect port
The Euro-style power is used for serial connections
and power. (Not available on the Ethernet Data Ra-
dio.)
Configure the Devices
MultiHop Radios use the master device identification number to form groups of radios that communicate with each other. Follow the
procedure outlined below for binding radios to a particular master radio.
Accessing the DIP Switches
1. Disconnect the power to all MultiHop radios.
2. Unscrew the four screws that mount the cover to the bottom housing.
3. Remove the cover from the housing without damaging the ribbon cable or the pins the cable plugs into.
Setting the DIP Switches
1. Using DIP switches 7 and 8, set one unit to be the master radio (Sw 7 = OFF, Sw 8 = ON). By default, the MultiHop radios ship
from the factory configured to be repeater radios.
2. Using DIP switches 7 and 8, set the other data radios to be repeaters or slaves.
3. Set any additional DIP switches now. (See the DIP Switches section in the data sheet for the positions and descriptions.) By de-
fault, the MultiHop radios ship from the factory in Modbus mode. If you need the radio to be in Transparent mode, configure that
DIP switch now.
4. Power the devices to activate the DIP switch changes.
Wiring for MultiHop Radios
Connecting dc power to the communication pins will cause permanent damage. For FlexPower devices, do not apply more than 5.5V to
the gray wire.
The FlexPower Multihop radios will operate equally well when powered from the brown or gray wire. It is not necessary to supply both.
The power for the sensors can be supplied by the radio's SPx terminals or from the 10 to 30V dc used to power the radio.
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Wire No. Wire Color 10 to 30V dc (RS-485) FlexPower (RS-485) FlexPower (RS-232)
1 Brown 10 to 30V dc 10 to 30V dc 10 to 30V dc
2 White RS-485 / D1 / B / + RS-485 / D1 / B / + RS-232 Tx
3 Blue dc common (GND) dc common (GND) dc common (GND)
4 Black RS-485 / D0 / A / - RS-485 / D0 / A / - RS-232 Rx
5 Gray - 3.6 to 5.5V dc 3.6 to 5.5V dc
Setting the MultiHop Radio (Slave) ID
On a MultiHop radio, use the rotary dials to set the device’s MultiHop Radio ID. By factory default, Modbus Slave IDs 01 through 10 are
reserved for slaves directly connected to the host (local I/O). Polling messages addressed to these devices are not relayed over the
wireless link.
Use Modbus Slave IDs 11 through 61 for MultiHop master, repeater, and slave radios. Up to 50 devices (local slaves and remote slaves)
may be used in this system.
With the left dial acting as the left digit and the right dial acting as the right digit, the MultiHop
Radio ID can be set from 01 through 61.
Binding MultiHop Radios to Form Networks
To create your MultiHop network, bind the repeater and slave radios to the designated master radio.
Binding MultiHop radios ensures all MultiHop radios within a network communicate only with other radios within the same network. The
MultiHop radio master automatically generates a unique binding code when the radio master enters binding mode. This code is then
transmitted to all radios within range that are also in binding mode. After a repeater/slave is bound, the repeater/slave radio accepts data
only from the master to which it is bound. The binding code defines the network, and all radios within a network must use the same
binding code.
For Q45 Wireless Sensors, refer to the Q45 datasheet for binding and Slave ID instructions. For MultiHop M-HE models, refer to the M-
HE datasheet to set the Slave ID before following the binding instructions.
Step 1. Apply power to all MultiHop radios and place the MultiHop radios configured as slaves or repeaters at least two meters away
from the master radio.
Step 2. On the MultiHop master radio, triple click button 2. For MultiHop master radios with only one button, triple click the button.
For the two LED/button models, both LEDs flash red and the LCD shows *BINDNG and *MASTER. For single LED/button models, the
LED flashes alternatively red and green.
Step 3. On the MultiHop repeater or slave radio, triple click button 2. For repeaters or slaves with only one button, triple click the button.
The child radio enters binding mode and searches for any Master radio in binding mode. While searching for the Master radio, the two
red LEDs flash alternately. When the child radio finds the Master radio and is bound, both red LEDs are solid for four seconds, then both
red LEDs flash simultaneously four times. For M-GAGE Nodes, both colors of the single LED are solid (looks orange), then flash. For
Q45 radios, both the green and red are solid, then flash. After the slave/repeater receives the binding code transmitted by the master, the
slave and repeater radios automatically exit binding mode.
Step 4. Set the Slave ID. On MultiHop radios with rotary dials, use both rotary dials to assign a decimal MultiHop Radio ID between 11
and 61. The left rotary dial represents the tens digit (1–6) and the right dial represents the ones digit (0–9) of the MultiHop Radio ID.
For MultiHop M-HE* models, see the Setting the Slave ID instructions.
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Step 5. Repeat steps 3 through 4 for as many slave or repeater radios as are needed for your network.
Step 6. When all MultiHop radios are bound, exit binding mode on the master by double-clicking button 2. All radio devices begin to form
the network after the master data radio exits binding mode.
Child Radios Synchronize to the Parent Radios
The synchronization process enables a SureCross radio to join a wireless network formed by a master radio. After power-up, synchroni-
zation may take a few minutes to complete. First, all radios within range of the master data radio wirelessly synchronize to the master
radio. These radios may be slave radios or repeater radios.
After repeater radios are synchronized to the master radio, any radios that are not in sync with the master but can "hear" the repeater
radio will synchronize to the repeater radios. Each repeater “family” that forms a wireless network path creates another layer of synchro-
nization process. The table below details the process of synchronization with a parent. When testing the devices before installation, verify
the radio devices are at least two meters apart or the communications may fail.
Slave and Repeater LED Behavior
All bound radios set to slave or repeater modes follow this LED behavior after powering up.
Two Button/LED Models Single Button/LED
Models
Process
Steps
Response LED 1 LED 2 LED
1 Apply power to the radio - Solid yellow
(briefly)
Red and green
2 The slave/repeater searches for a parent device. Flashes red - Flashes red (1 per 3
sec)
3 A parent device is detected. The slave/repeater searches
for other parent radios within range.
Solid red - Solid red
4 The slave/repeater selects a suitable parent. - Solid yellow Solid red and green
(looks yellow/orange)
5 The slave/repeater attempts to synchronize to the selec-
ted parent.
- Solid red Solid red
6 The slave/repeater is synchronized to the parent. Flashes green - Flashes green
7 The slave/repeater enters RUN mode. Solid green, then
flashes green
Solid green, then flash-
es green
Serial data packets begin transmitting between the slave/
repeater and its parent radio.
- Flashes yellow Flashes red and green
(looks yellow/orange)
Master LED Behavior
All bound radios set to operate as masters follow this LED behavior after powering up.
Two Button/LED Models Single Button/LED
Models
Process
Steps
Response LED 1 LED 2 LED
1 Apply power to the master radio - Solid yellow Red and green
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