ALPA 10d Manuel utilisateur

instructions

foruse

of the ALPA 10d

35 mm Single Lens Reflex

Perfect

knowledge

ofyour

ALPA, all its

functions

andfeatureswill girse

you

the best

photographicresults.

Pleasestudythese

instructions

carefully.

PIGNONS S.

A. CH - L338 Ballaigues (Switzerland)

Instructions

for use

ofthe

ALPA10d

The ALPA 10d and the complete ALPA

system

of photography

are the culmina-

tion of over 30 years of research and

development,

to meetthe most demand-

ing requirements of today's photo-

graphers.

Purpose

of this manual is to give you

complete instructions for the best

possible performance from your ALPA

equrpment.

For general information on photography,

please

refer

to the many excellent

photo-

graphic

handbooks

available.

A. THE ALPA lod . GENERAT

DESCRIPTION

A masterpiece of Swiss precision

engineering,

the ALPA 10d is literally

custom built to your order likethe finest

Swiss watch. lt is an ALL-lN-ONE

camera of unbelievable versatilitv with

all desirable features, yet compabt and

lightweight for maximal convenience.

Highly automated and functional-the

ALPA 10d is virtually foolproof, for

utmost handling ease. Easy to frame,

easy to focus, easy to expose, it is the

dream of picture taking simplicity.You

can completely concentrate on your

photographic

assignment,without fum-

blingfor a dial,a ring, or a knob-even

when wearing gloves.

Automatic, instant exposure readings,

clearvisibility

of exposureneedle,dials

and figures,

rapid diaphragmand speed

settings, quickchange bayonet lens

mount, high speed, short stroke wind-

ing lever (without removing ALPA from

your eye), high speed parallelogram

rewind crank. etc.-everything is dyna-

mically streamlined

for instant fingertip

controls, quickest operation and lapid

actron

photography.

ALPA's ingenious, electronic behind-

the-lens meter system thinks for you.

Foregoing inaccurate

and delicate link-

age systems, it couples optically-with

a.ny lens, any lens accessory, at any

distance, tor an extreme film speed

range from 3-6400 ASA. The 3 CdS

cells with highly sensitive

galvanometer

compute absolutely precise exposure

settings.

The precision

ground prism with paral-

lax-free, through-the-lens viewing sys-

tem guarantees

preciseframing, focus-

ing and depth-of-field

control-with any

lens, at any distance. You have your

choice of attractive chrome or deep

satiny black finish,with black, dark red

or dark green leather covering that is

scuff proof, sweat proof and unaffected

by heat, cold and other climatic influ-

ences.

The ALPA 1Od's uncompromisingly

solid and exclusive

light metal construc-

tion, is geared for more than 'l

00,000

operations,

withstands the most rugged

use, for lifelong durability.

lt is virtually

impossible to deform the ALPA body.

The complete range of functional

accessories,

more than 20 ALPA lenses

and supplementary equipment fit the

earlierALPA models,4-5-6-7-8, 4b-5b-

7b-8b, 6c, 9d and 9f, with a few minor

exceDtions.

Every precaution has been taken to

make the ALPA 10d as foolproof as

possible. Nevertheless, we strongly

recommend

that you carefully

readthese

instructionsbeforeusing

your ALPA 10d.

.'..''....i'i.''.'..&

Fis.

B. EXTERNAL

CONTROL

1) Winding

The high speed, short stroke winding

lever (A Fig. 1) cocks the shutter,

advancesthe film and counts the expo-

sures. Because of the short travel of

nly 160" and its 3 separate

nctio

you feel a certain resistance.

lf you do

not wind the lever completely to its

positivestop, the shutter releasewill be

blocked.

Just wind it once more,without

anyforce,

to unblock

it.

The high speed winding lever never

interferes

with your viewing, so that you

can.

rapidly

release

?ld wind your ALPA

again and again,without ever removing

it from your eye.

2) Setting of ASA Film Speed Rating

The equidistant click stop settings of

the extreme film speed range are cali-

brated

in black and correspondto inter-

national standards: 3-6-

12-25-50-1

00-

200-400-800-1600-3200-6400 ASA.

For fine adjustments

you have a choice

of 2 each intermediate

click stop settings

between

(Fig.

1).

Depress

the outer ring of the speed dial

(

P) and turn the black index mark

oppo-

site the desired black figure or any

intermediate calibration in the blank

sector. To facilitate the ASA setting

you can turn the speed dial first to one

of the 2 extreme speed settings of

1/1000 second

or B (see

below).

3) Setting of Shutter Speeds

The ALPA 10d features a Swiss preci-

sion movement with electronically

tested, equidistant click stop speeds,

calibrated

in white on black

(T).

Turn the outer ring of the speeddial (P)

to the desired setting, indicated by the

red line across the transparent disc.

Do not try to force the red line past the

black sector. Shutter speeds can be

changed

at any time,

whether

the shutter

is cocked or not. Their calibrated range

corresponds to international standards:

1/1000,1/50O,1/250,1/60, 1/30, 1/15,

/8, 1

/4, 1

/2, 1 second.

B permits

you to take time exposuresof

any desired length. The sh

utter remains

open, as long as you keep the release

knob depressed.For longer time expo-

sure or if you mount your ALPA on a

tripod, use a cable release with set

screw.

Important: For slower speeds such as

/8, 1

/4, 1

/2, 1 second or longer, either

disconnect the automatic diaphragm

control of you

r automatic lenses, or

make sure that the shutter release

remains depressed for the entire dura-

tion of the exposure.The settingof 1/60

second is marked in red, indicating that

it is the fastest shutter speed for syn-

chronization

with electronicflash. lf you

try faster speeds,the moving slit of the

focal plane shutter

will only expose

part

of the frame.

Selection of the correct shutter speed

usuallydepends

on the mobility of your

subject. Consider speed, direction,

distance as well as focal length and

stability of your camera. For maximal

sharpness,use one of the faster shutter

speeds.

Fig.2

4) Shutter Release

Located on the fro

nt of the ALPA 1

(D Fig.2) the hair-trigger

release

instan-

taneously

operates

the quiet, lightning-

fast ref

lex-mirror and smooth

-g

liding,

vibration-free

shutter. Pressyour thumb

against

the camera

back in the opposite

direction,

so as to hold your ALPA as

steadily

as possible.

The conical thread

inside the release button accepts a

cable release.

All lenseswith automatic

diaphragm have integrated release but-

tons, which in turn depress

the release

button on the camera. The flip-up

reflex-mirrorimmediately returns to its

norma

I positio

n, after the shutter is

closed, even if you keep the release

button depressed. Any vibration you

may feel is caused by the flipping

down of the mirror, which has no

longer any influence on the sharpness

of the picture.

lmportant: lf you still depress the

release

button when starting

to wind the

camera,

the mirror may not flip up for

your next

exposureand one framewould

belost.

The shutter release lock (V Fig. 2)

provides f

or lig

ht readings, previewing

depth-of-field and accidental exposure

prevention.

The lock does not f

unction, if

you use a cable release in the release

button of the cameraitself.

For extreme wide angle lenses with

protruding rear elements, the ALPA

mirror

can be locked in its flip-up posi-

tion. Wind the high speedwinding lever,

lding it in its extreme positio

n and

depress the camera release button.

Then release both release button and

lever. For smoothest possible shutter

release with extreme telephoto lenses,

for ultra close-ups, photomicrography,

etc. depress the release button very

slowly, so that the mirror flips up first

and the shutter is released afterwards

only.

Intentional double exposures can be

taken as follows: After the first expo-

sure press the rewind release knob at

the bottom of the ALPA (O Fig.6),

while operating

the high-speed

winding

leverthe second time. The film will not

advance,

so that a second exposurecan

be taken on the same frame. However,

perfect registration

cannot be guaran-

teed,as the take-up spool is still

turning.

Out of focus.

5) Selftimer

The built-in selftimer (R Fig. 2) can be

adjusted from 1

-2O seconds. Turning

the lever to its extreme position corres-

ponds to a delay of approximately

20 seconds. lf moved 90' only, the delay

will be about 6 seconds.

Wind the ALPA first, set the selftimer,

then depress the release button com-

pletely. This sets the delayed action into

motion, giving you plenty of time to take

up your position "in the picture".

lmportant: When using the selftimer,

disengage the automatic diaphragm of

your automatic lenses. Otherwise the

picture will be taken at full aperture.

lf you use the selftimer with the shutter

set on B, the exposure time will be about

3 seconds. This long exposure time is

invaluable for pictures taken under poor

lighting conditions or at very small

apertu

res.

The extremely gentle release by the

selftimer permits vibration f

ree expo-

sures, especially usefu

I at slow shutter

speeds. lf for any reason a picture is

not taken after the selftimer has been

set, simply lock the release button

(V Fig. 2), then keep the releasebutton

depressed until the lever (R) returns to

itsoriginal

position.

6) Flash Synchronization

The upper X and F contact (Fig. 2) is

for synchronization with electronic

flash at shutter speeds up to 1/60

Fig.4

ln focus.

second. lf you try faster speeds, only

part of the image will be exposed. At

slow speedsup to 1/15 second,

you can

also use this contact with the more

economical flashbulbs for central shut-

ters, which have a short peak (class F

bulbswith 5 milliseconds

delay).

The lower M contact (Fig.2) is for

synchronization with class FP bulbs for

focal plane shutters. They have a long

peak that gives uniform illumination

over the entire image, at most shutter

speeds.

C- FRAMING.FOCUSING

AND DEPTH-OF-FIELD

CONTROL

1) Single Lens Reflex System

The precision ground ALPA prism

provides a reinverted groundglass

image of exactly 25 x

35 ffiffi, i.e. 24x

36 mm less a 1/2 mm safety margin on

each side. This corresponds to the 23 x

35 mm frame of standard slide mounts,

so that there are no cut-offs on the

projection screen, which guarantees

absolutely accuratecomposition.

The finest grain groundglass offers a

brilliant image in 1:1 LIFE size (with

standard 50 mm lenses). This means

that the image appears just as large as

the subject, when you view it with your

(L)

naked eye. And it can still easily be

seen, when stopping down to small

aperturesfor depth-of-fieldcontrol.

When using longer telephoto lenses or

close-up attachments,the upper edge

of the image may becomeslightlyshad-

ed, becausethe reflex-mirror does not

reflect the entire cone of light rays.

However, this has no effect whatsoever

onthe

actual

picture.

Theeyepieceof the ALPA 'l

0d is equip-

ped with a large,soft-rubbereyecup to

excludeextraneousstray light. lt can be

rotatedfor taking horizontal

and vertical

pictures.lts bayonet mount offers in-

stant interchanging

with a magnifieror

angle viewfinder. The standard 1:1

ocular of the ALPA viewing systemcan

be replacedby a special

1:0,7 eyepiece,

so that people

who wear glasses

or have

recessed eyes easily see the entire

image. An adapter with standard diop-

ter or prescriptionlenses snaps easily

intotheeyecup.

2) Focusing

Turn the focusing ring on the lens to

set the proper distance.You have your

choice of 3 focusing methods:

a) Groundglass. Turn distance setting ilng

until image is critically sharp.

b) 45' Diagonal Split-lmage Rangefinder

The standardgroundglass

screen has a

built-in optical rangefinder with a 45'

diagonal split-image,

formed by a pair

of prisms which appear as 2 semi-

circles

(Fig.

5). You can pinpoint

focus

for both horizontal or vertical lines

instantly-with any lens,

at any distance.

Select

a specific

detail in the subjectto

be photographed

and turn the focusing

ring until the imagein the 2 semi-circles

is in perfect

alignment,

with no displa-

cement

at the dividingline. Now your

focusis perfect(Fig.

3 and 4).

The clear g

lass ring (aeria

I image)

around the rangefinder

(diam. 5 mm)

permits you to see everything visually

sharp,

which is in front or behind the

depth-of-field

zone of sharpnesson the

groundglass.

You can also use it for

rapidlocationof the subject

you wish to

Fig.5

photograph.

And last but not least,

it is

indispensable

for extreme close-ups at

high magnifications and photomicro-

graphy. The image is in perfect focus

when both the aeriatimage and one of

the two lines (L Fig. 4) appearequally

sharp.

Both semi-circular prisms will appear

uniformly bright under normal condi-

tions. Under certain circumstances

(smaller

lens apertures.close-up photo-

graphy) one of the semi-circular

prisms

may appear to be shaded. In this case

you can align your image between the

other, bright prism of the split-image

and

the

clear

glass

ring.

lmportant: The perfected optical sys-

tem of theALPA 10d with 1:1 LIFE

size

magnification on the groundglass

makes focusing remarkably

easy. How-

ever.this should not tempt you to take

photographs of subjects which cover

only a small part of the entirearea.

You

can easily avoid this by comparison

with the 3 rapid referencescales

on the

ALPA groundglass: The diameter of

the rangefinderis 3 mm, the width of the

clear glass ring is 1 mm which brings

the total diameterto 5 mm. The overall

length of the cross-hair is 10 mm

(Fig.3,4 and 5). These3 reference

scales clearly indicate when a different

(telephoto)lensought to be used.

They

are even more useful for measurements

and comparisons in macro-photogra-

phv.

c) Distance Scale

ALPA interchangeable

lenses are cali-

brated with distance scales to preset a

specific

distance,

where focusing on the

Fig.6

groundglass

or with the rangefinderis

impractical.

When taking flash pictures,

the available

light may be so dim that

groundglass

focusing can become diffi-

cult, especiallyif the lens is stopped

down to a smaller apertu

re. In sports

photography you frequently have no

timeto do any

focusingat

all.

Location

of the film plane

is visiblyindi-

cated by the exacting ca

libration on

camera

top, to the right of the reflex-

pnsm.

D. LOADINGAND

UNLOADING

1) Loading

Lift the hinged key (

M Fig. 6) at the

bottomand turn it to the rightclockwise,

asfar

it will go. Pullthe

key

to remove

the combined camera

back and bottom.

Always lift off the back upwards and

never downwards to avoid damaging

the film pressure

plate.

Fig.B shows you

the best method of how to ho

ld the

cartridgeto insertthe film leader

in the

slit (marked

by an arrow) of the empty

take-up spool. Keep the film edge

againstthe lower flange of the spool.

Pull out just sufficient

film, so that the

cartridgecan be placed in its chamber.

Turn the take-up spool by advancing

the film with the high speed winding

lever once, so that at least 1 layer of

film is wound around

it. Makesure

that

the sprockets

engagein the film perfo-

rations.You do not necessarily

have to

wind the film untilthe sprockets

engage

the perforations

on both sides

(Fig.

9).

After the film is correctly positioned

replace the camera back from above

holding

it by the key.Lock it by turning

the key to the left counter-clockwise.

Wind the high speed

winding lever

and

make sure that the central screw in

the high speed parallelogram rewind

crank rotates (Fig.11), wich proves

that the film is actually advancing.

Wind and releasethe shutter 2 or 3

times in succession,

in order to elimi-

nate the fogged film leader

before

you

takethe

first

picture.

The automatic

framecounter

(C Fig.

7),

which always

starts

3 numbers

below 0,

advancessimultaneouslyto 0.

Fig.7

Fis.B

Fig.10

Fis.9

Fis"1

Whenever possible load

subdued

light to prevent

film. lf no other

shade

your

backto the

light.

lmportant: lfyou have

ed film, make a note of

Fig.

the ALPA in

ogging of the

available,turn

partia

llyexpos-

the numberof

exposed frames as indicated by the

exposurecounter, before rewinding the

film into its cartridge

and opening the

camera back. The automatic counter

returns instantaneously

to zero when

you remove

thecamera

back"

2l Unloading

When the cou

nter indicatesthe 19th

or 35th frameof your 20 or 36 exposure

roll,

wind the high speed

winding lever

with caution"

Accordingto your way of

loading,

you may

obtain

1 or 2 exposures

more or iessthan the specified

number.

lf you feel a strongerresistance

when

winding, do not use any force. Other-

wise you may tear the perforations

detach the filmend from the cartridge,

which makes

rewindingimpossible.

The high-speed parallelogram

rewind

crank rewinds the fully exposed film

quickly, within seconds. Depress the

rewind

release

knob (O Fig.6), in order

to disengage

the sprockets.

lt remains

depressed

during rewinding and auto-

matically

jumps

out, when you wind the

high-speed

winding lever

again to ad-

vance

the new film. Pull out the high-

speed parallelogram rewind crank

(Fig.

11) and turn it in the direction

the arrow.While rewinding

the film,

you

feel a distinct resistance

at first. Once

the film has been completely

rewound,

you hearan audible

signal

that indicates

the separating

from the take-up spool.

Open the ALPA and removethe origi-

nalcartridge

with the

exposed

film.

Important : lf yo

u depressthe rewind

release

knob accidentally,

while winding

the camera,

this may cause a double

exposure

(see page 3). Releaseshutter

with lens cap over lens frame and

advance the film once, making sure

that the rewind release

knob jumps out

again,

which re-engages

the film trans-

port sprockets.

E. ALPA LENSES

1) Ghanging the lenses

Press

the lens lock button (O Fig.2)

and turn the lens anti-clockwise.

insertthe new lens line up the two red

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