Actron CP7677 Manuel utilisateur

Index

Safety Precautions ......................................... 2

Vehicle Service Information ........................... 3

Visual Inspection ............................................ 3

Electrical Specifications ............................... 34

Warranty ..................................................... 104

1. Multimeter Basic Functions

Functions and Display Definitions ............ 4

Setting the Range ..................................... 6

Battery and Fuse Replacement................ 7

Measuring DC Voltage.............................. 8

Measuring AC Voltage.............................. 8

Measuring Resistance .............................. 9

Measuring DC Current.............................. 9

Testing for Continuity.............................. 10

Testing Diodes ........................................ 11

Measuring Engine RPM.......................... 11

Measuring Dwell ..................................... 12

2. Automotive Testing with the CP7677

General Testing ...................................... 13

- Testing Fuses ...................................... 13

- Testing Switches ................................. 13

- Testing Solenoids and Relays ............ 14

Starting / Charging System Testing ....... 15

- No Load Battery Test .......................... 15

- Engine Off Battery Current Draw ........ 15

CP7677

Auto

TroubleShooter™

OPERATING

INSTRUCTIONS

- Cranking Voltage/Battery Load Test... 16

- Voltage Drops ...................................... 17

- Charging System Voltage Test ........... 18

Ignition System Testing .......................... 19

- Ignition Coil Testing ............................. 19

- Ignition System Wires.......................... 21

- Hall Effect Sensors/Switches .............. 22

- Magnetic Pick-Up Coils ....................... 23

- Reluctance Sensors ............................ 23

- Ignition Coil Switching Action.............. 24

Fuel System Testing ............................... 25

- Testing GM C-3 Mixture Control

Solenoid Dwell .................................... 25

- Measuring Fuel Injector Resistance ... 26

Testing Engine Sensors.......................... 27

- Oxygen (O

) Type Sensors ................. 27

- Temperature Type Sensors ................ 29

- Position Type Sensors –

Throttle and EGR Valve Position,

Vane Air Flow ...................................... 30

- Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) and

Barometric Pressure (BARO) Sensors 31

- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors ............ 32

Instrucciones en español ....35

Instructions en français.......69

SAFETY GUIDELINES

TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS THAT COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY

AND/OR DAMAGE TO YOUR VEHICLE OR TEST EQUIPMENT,

CAREFULLY FOLLOW THESE SAFETY RULES AND TEST PROCEDURES

• Always wear approved eye protection.

• Always operate the vehicle in a well ventilated area. Do not inhale exhaust gases

– they are very poisonous!

• Always keep yourself, tools and test equipment away from all moving or hot

engine parts.

• Always make sure the vehicle is in park (Automatic transmission) or neutral

(manual transmission) and that the parking brake is firmly set. Block the drive

wheels.

• Never lay tools on vehicle battery. You may short the terminals together causing

harm to yourself, the tools or the battery.

• Never smoke or have open flames near vehicle. Vapors from gasoline and

charging battery are highly flammable and explosive.

• Never leave vehicle unattended while running tests.

• Always keep a fire extinguisher suitable for gasoline/electrical/chemical fires

handy.

• Always use extreme caution when working around the ignition coil, distributor

cap, ignition wires, and spark plugs. These components contain High Voltage

when the engine is running.

• Always turn ignition key OFF when connecting or disconnecting electrical

components, unless otherwise instructed.

• Always follow vehicle manufacturer’s warnings, cautions and service procedures.

CAUTION:

Some vehicles are equipped with safety air bags. You

must

follow vehicle service

manual cautions when working around the air bag components or wiring. If the

cautionsarenot followed,theair bagmayopen upunexpectedly,resulting inpersonal

injury. Note that the air bag can still open up several minutes after the ignition key is

off(oreven if thevehiclebatteryis disconnected) becauseofaspecial energy reserve

module.

All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest

information available from industry sources at the time of publication. No warranty (expressed

or implied) can be made for its accuracy or completeness, nor is any responsibility assumed by

Actron Manufacturing Co. or anyone connected with it for loss or damages suffered through

relianceonanyinformationcontainedinthismanualormisuseofaccompanyingproduct.Actron

Manufacturing Co. reserves the right to make changes at any time to this manual or accompa-

nying product without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes.

Vehicle Service Manual –Sources For Service

Information

The following is a list of sources to obtain vehicle service information for your specific

vehicle.

•Contact your local Automotive Dealership Parts Department.

•Contact local retail auto parts stores for aftermarket vehicle service information.

•Contactyourlocallibrary.Librariesoftenallowyoutocheck-outautomotiveservice

manuals.

Do a Thorough Visual Inspection

Do a thorough visual and “hands-on”underhood inspection before starting any

diagnostic procedure! You can find the cause of many problems by just looking,

thereby saving yourself a lot of time.

•Has the vehicle been serviced

recently? Sometimes things get

reconnected in the wrong place, or

not at all.

•Don’t take shortcuts. Inspect hoses

and wiring which may be difficult to

see due to location.

•Inspect the air cleaner and

ductwork for defects.

•Check sensors and actuators for

damage.

•Inspect ignition wires for:

- Damaged terminals.

- Split or cracked spark plug boots

- Splits,cutsorbreaksintheignition

wires and insulation.

•Inspect all vacuum hoses for:

- Correct routing. Refer to vehicle

service manual, or Vehicle Emis-

sion Control Information(VECI)

decal located in the engine com-

partment.

- Pinches and kinks.

- Splits, cuts or breaks.

•Inspect wiring for:

- Contact with sharp edges.

- Contact with hot surfaces, such as

exhaust manifolds.

- Pinched, burned or chafed insula-

tion.

- Proper routing and connections.

•Check electrical connectors for:

- Corrosion on pins.

- Bent or damaged pins.

- Contacts not properly seated in

housing.

- Bad wire crimps to terminals.

Alligator Clip Adapters

Some multimeter tests and measurements are more easily done using

alligator clips instead of test prods. For these tests, push the crimp end of the

alligatorclipontothetestprod.Ifthecrimponthealligatorclipbecomesloose,

then remove the alligator clip from the test prod and re-crimp using a pair of

pliers.

Section 1. Multimeter Basic Functions

Digital multimeters or DMMs have many special features and functions. This section

definesthese featuresand functions,and explainshow touse thesefunctions tomake

various measurements.

Functions and Display Definitions

1. ROTARY SWITCH

Switch is rotated to select a function.

2. DC VOLTS

Thisfunction isused formeasuring DC

(Direct Current) Voltages in the range

of 0 to 1000V.

3. OHMS

This function is used for measuring the

resistance of a component in an elec-

trical circuit in the range of 0.1Ωto

20MΩ. (Ωis the electrical symbol for

Ohms)

DIODE CHECK / CONTINUITY TESTS

Thisfunctionis usedtocheck whethera

diode is good or bad. It is also used for

fast continuity checks of wires and ter-

minals. An audible tone will sound if a

wire and terminal are good.

5. HOLD

Press HOLD button to retain data on

display. In the hold mode, the "H" an-

nunciator is displayed.

6. TEST LEAD JACKS

BLACK Test Lead is al-

waysinsertedintheCOM

jack.

RED Test Lead is in-

serted in the jack corre-

sponding to the multim-

eter rotary switch setting.

8. DC AMPS

Thisfunction isused formeasuring DC

(Direct Current) Amps in the range of 0

to 10A.

9. DWELL

This function is used for measuring

DWELLondistributorignitionsystems,

and solenoids.

10. TACH

This function is used for measuring

engine speed (RPM).

11. ON/OFF

Presstoturn powerON.Pressagain to

turn power OFF.

12. DISPLAY

Used to display all measurements and

multimeter information.

Low Battery –If this symbol appears

in the lower left corner of the display,

then replace the inter-

nal 9V battery. (See

Fuse and Battery re-

placement on page 7.)

Overrange Indication

–If “1”or “-1”appears

on the left side of the

display, then the multi-

meter is set to a range

that is too small for the

present measurement

being taken. Increase

the range until this dis-

appears. If it does not

disappear after all the ranges for a

particularfunctionhavebeentried,then

the value being measured is too large

for the multimeter to measure. (See

Setting the Range on page 6.)

Zero Adjustment

The multimeter will automatically zero on

the Volts, Amps and RPM functions.

Automatic Polarity Sensing

The multimeter display will show a minus (-)

sign on the DC Volts and DC Amps functions

when test lead hook-up is reversed.

AlwaysconnectTESTLEADStothemul-

timeter before connecting them to the

circuit under test!!

7. AC VOLTS

This function is used for measuring AC

Voltages in the range of 0 to 750V.

DC VOLTS

AC VOLTS

DIODES

CONTINUITY

RPM

DWELL

OHMS

DC AMPS

Setting the Range

Two of the most commonly asked ques-

tions about digital multimeters are What

does Range mean? and How do I know

what Range the multimeter should be

set to?

What Does Range mean?

Range refers to the largest value the

multimeter can measure with the rotary

switch in that position. If the multimeter

is set to the 20V DC range, then the

highestvoltagethemultimetercanmea-

sure is 20V in that range.

EXAMPLE: Measuring Vehicle Battery

Voltage (See Fig. 1)

Now assume we set the multimeter to

the 2V range. (See Fig. 2)

The multimeter display now shows a “1”

and nothing else. This means the multi-

meter is being overranged or in other

wordsthevaluebeingmeasuredislarger

thanthecurrentrange.Therangeshould

be increased until a value is shown on

the display. If you are in the highest

rangeandthemultimeterisstillshowing

that it is overranging, then the value

being measured is too large for the mul-

timeter to measure.

How do I know what Range the multi-

meter should be set to?

The multimeter should be set in the

lowest possible range without

overranging.

EXAMPLE: Measuring an unknown re-

sistance

Let’s assume the multimeter is con-

nected to an engine coolant sensor with

unknown resistance. (See Fig. 3)

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Let’s assume the multimeter is con-

nected to the battery and set to the 20V

range.

The display reads 12.56. This means

thereis12.56Vacrossthebatterytermi-

nals.

Fig. 3

Start by setting the multimeter to the

largest OHM range. The display reads

0.0Ωor a short circuit.

This sensor can’t be shorted so reduce

the range setting until you get a value of

resistance.

Atthe200KΩrangethemultimetermea-

suredavalueof4.0.Thismeansthereis

4KΩof resistance across the engine

coolant sensor terminals. (See Fig. 4)

If we change the multimeter to the 20KΩ

range (See Fig. 5) the display shows a

Red

Black

Red

Black

Red

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

value of

3.87KΩ. The

actual value of

resistance is

3.87KΩandnot

4KΩthat was

measured in

the 200KΩ

range. This is

very important

because if the

manufacturer

specifications

say that the

sensor should

read3.8-3.9KΩ

at 70°F then on

the 200KΩ

range the sensor would be defective, but

at the 20KΩrange it would test good.

Now set the multimeter to the 2KΩrange.

(SeeFig.6)The

displaywillindi-

cate an

overrange con-

dition because

3.87KΩislarger

than 2KΩ.

This example

shows that by

decreasingthe

range you in-

crease the ac-

curacy of your

measurement.

When you

change the

range, you

change the lo-

cationofthedecimal point. This changes

Fig. 6

the accuracy of the measurement by ei-

therincreasingordecreasingthenumber

of digits after the decimal point.

Battery and Fuse

Replacement

Important: A 9 Volt battery must be in-

stalled before using the digital multim-

eter. (see procedure below for installa-

tion)

Battery Replacement

1. Turn multimeter OFF.

2. Remove test leads from

multimeter.

3. Remove screw from battery

cover.

4. Remove battery cover.

5. Install a new 9 Volt battery.

6. Re-assemble multimeter.

Fuse Replacement

1. Turn multimeter OFF.

2. Remove test leads from

multimeter.

3. Remove rubber holster.

4. Remove screw from battery

cover, battery cover, and battery.

5. Remove screws from back of

multimeter.

6. Remove back cover.

7. Remove fuse.

8. Replace fuse with same size and

type as originally installed.

Use a 1/4" x 1-1/4", 10A, 250V, fast

acting fuse or a 5mm x 20mm

315mA, 250V fast acting fuse.

9. Re-assemble multimeter.

Measuring DC Voltage

This multimeter can be used to measure

DCvoltagesintherangefrom0to1000V.

YoucanusethismultimetertodoanyDC

voltage measurement called out in the

vehicle service manual. The most com-

mon applications are measuring voltage

drops,andcheckingifthecorrectvoltage

arrived at a sensor or a particular circuit.

To measure DC Voltages (see Fig. 7):

6. View reading on display - Note

range setting for correct units.

NOTE: 200mV = 0.2V

Measuring AC Voltage

Thismultimetercanbeusedtomeasure

ACvoltagesintherangefrom0to750V.

To measure AC Voltages (see Fig. 8):

Fig. 7

1. Insert BLACK test lead into COM

test lead jack.

2. Insert RED test lead into

test lead jack.

3. Connect RED test lead to positive

(+) side of voltage source.

4. Connect BLACK test lead to nega-

tive (-) side of voltage source.

NOTE: If you don’t know which side

ispositive(+)andwhichsideisnega-

tive (-), then arbitrarily connect the

RED test lead to one side and the

BLACK to the other. The multimeter

automaticallysensespolarityandwill

display a minus (-) sign when nega-

tive polarity is measured. If you

switch the RED and BLACK test

leads, positive polarity will now be

indicated on the display. Measuring

negative voltages causes no harm

to the multimeter.

5. Turn multimeter rotary switch to

desired voltage range.

Iftheapproximatevoltageisunknown,

start at the largest voltage range and

decrease to the appropriate range as

required. (See Setting the Range on

page 6)

1. Insert BLACK test lead into COM

test lead jack.

2. Insert RED test lead into

test lead jack.

3. ConnectRED test leadto oneside

of voltage source.

4. Connect BLACK test lead to other

side of voltage source.

5. Turn multimeter rotary switch to

desired voltage range.

If the approximate voltage is un-

known, start at the largest voltage

range and decrease to the appropri-

ate range as required. (See Setting

the Range on page 6)

6. View reading on display - Note

range setting for correct units.

NOTE: 200mV = 0.2V

Red Black

Fig. 8

Red

Black

Fig. 9

ments, polarity is not important. The

test leads just have to be connected

across the component.

6. Turn multimeter rotary switch to

desired OHM range.

If the approximate resistance is un-

known, start at the largest OHM

range and decrease to the appropri-

ate range as required. (See Setting

the Range on page 6)

7. View reading on display - Note

range setting for correct units.

NOTE: 2KΩ= 2,000Ω; 2MΩ=

2,000,000Ω

If you want to make precise resis-

tance measurements, then subtract

thetestleadresistancefoundinStep

4 above from the display reading in

Step 7. It is a good idea to do this for

resistance measurements less than

10Ω.

Measuring DC Current

This multimeter can be used to measure

DC current in the range from 0 to 10A. If

the current you are measuring exceeds

10A,theinternalfusewillblow(see Fuse

Replacement on page 7). Unlike voltage

andresistancemeasurementswherethe

multimeter is connected across the com-

ponentyouare testing, currentmeasure-

ments must be made with the multimeter

in series with the component. Isolating

currentdrainsandshortcircuitsaresome

DC Current applications.

To measure DC Current (see Figs. 10 &

11):

1. Insert BLACK test lead into COM

test lead jack.

2. Insert RED test lead into "10A"

test lead jack or "mA" test lead

jack.

3. Disconnectorelectricallyopencir-

cuit where you want to measure

current.

This is done by:

•Disconnecting wiring harness.

•Disconnecting wire from screw-on

type terminal.

•Unsolder lead from component if

Red Black

Unknown

Resistance

Measuring Resistance

Resistance is measured in electrical

units called ohms (Ω). The digital multi-

metercanmeasureresistancefrom0.1Ω

to 20MΩor (20,000,000 ohms). Infinite

resistanceisshownwith a “1”on theleft

side of display (See Setting the Range

on page 6). You can use this multimeter

todoanyresistancemeasurementcalled

out in the vehicle service manual. Test-

ing ignition coils, spark plug wires, and

someengine sensorsarecommonuses

for the OHMS (Ω) function.

To measure Resistance (see Fig. 9):

1. Turn circuit power OFF.

To get an accurate resistance mea-

surementandavoidpossibledamage

tothe digitalmultimeterandelectrical

circuitundertest,turn off all electrical

power in the circuit where the resis-

tance measurement is being taken.

2. Insert BLACK test lead into COM

test lead jack.

3. Insert RED test lead into

test lead jack.

4. Turn multimeter rotary switch to

200Ωrange.

Touch RED and BLACK multimeter

leads together and view reading on

display.

Displayshouldreadtypically0.2Ωto

1.5Ω.

If display reading was greater than

1.5Ω, check both ends of test leads

for bad connections. If bad connec-

tions are found, replace test leads.

5. Connect RED and BLACK test

leads across component where

you want to measure resistance.

When making resistance measure-

working on printed circuit boards.

•Cut wire if there is no other pos-

sible way to open electrical circuit.

4. Connect RED test lead to one side

of disconnected circuit.

5. Connect BLACK test lead to re-

maining side of disconnected cir-

cuit.

6. Turn multimeter rotary switch to

10A DC position, or 200mA posi-

tion.

7. View reading on display.

If minus (-) sign appears on display,

then reverse RED and BLACK test

leads.

Testing for Continuity

Continuity is a quick way to do a resis-

tance test to determine if a circuit is

openorclosed.Themultimeterwillbeep

when the circuit is closed or shorted, so

you don’t have to look at the display.

Continuitychecksareusuallydonewhen

checking for blown fuses, switch opera-

tion, and open or shorted wires.

To measure Continuity (see Fig. 12):

Fig. 12

Black

Red

Fig. 10

Black

Red

Electrical

Device

Voltage

Source

Fig. 11

Black

Red

Electrical

Device

Voltage

Source

1. Insert BLACK test lead into COM

test lead jack.

2. Insert RED test lead into

test lead jack.

3. Turn multimeter rotary switch to

function.

4. Touch RED and BLACK test leads

together to test continuity.

Listen for tone to verify proper op-

eration.

5. Connect RED and BLACK test

leads across component where

you want to check for continuity.

Listen for tone:

•Ifyou heartone–Circuit isclosed

or shorted.

•If you don’t hear tone –Circuit is

open.

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